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英语名词单复数教案设计、练习(可直接打印)

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2021-03-03 07:56
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2021年3月3日发(作者:coordinates)


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名词单复数教案、习题



1.


名词







名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词 ,专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如


Beijing



China


等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个 抽象概念的名词,如:


book



sa dness


等。普


通名词又可分为下面四类:

< br>






1


)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中 的个体,如:


gun








2


)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:


family








3


)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:


air








4


)抽象 名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:


work




个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,

< br>称为可数名词,


物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,


称为不可数名词。






1.1


名词复数的规则变化



情况
















构成方法











读音




















例词




一般情况
















s










清辅音后读


/s/












map-maps
































浊辅音和元音后读



/z/






bag-bags /car-cars



s, sh, ch, x


等结尾







es










/iz/
















bus-buses/ watch-watches



ce, se, ze,


等结尾








s












/iz/

















license-licenses


以辅音字母


+y


结尾





y



i


再加


es





/z/















baby---babies


1.2


其它名词复数的规则变化



1





y


结尾的专有名词,或元音字母


+y


结尾的名词变复数时,直接加


s


变复数。例 如:












two Marys



















the Henrys







monkey---monkeys















holiday---holidays





2





o


结尾的名词,变复数时:








a.



s


,如:



photo---photos










piano---pianos














radio---radios











zoo ---zoos









b.



es


,如:


potato--potatoes










tomato--tomatoes







c.


上述


a



b


两种方法均可,如


zero--- zeros / zeroes





3





f



fe


结尾的名词变复数时:








a.



s


,如:



belief---beliefs











roof---roofs














safe--- safes













gulf---gulfs









b.



f,fe



ves


,如:


half--- halves





knife---knives



leaf---leaves





wolf---wolves









wife--- wives




life--- lives












thief---thieves




c.


上述


a



b


两种方法均可,如


handker chief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves




1.3


名词复数的不规则变化



1




child---children









foot---feet









tooth---teeth


mouse---mice








man---men









woman---women




注意:由一个词加



man




woman


构成的合成词,其复数形式也是



-men



-women

< p>
,如


an


Englishman



two


Englishmen


。但


German< /p>


不是合成词,故复数形式为


Germans



Bowman


是姓,其


复数是


the Bowmans




2




单复同 形,如


deer



sheep



fish



Chin ese



Japanese



li



jin



yuan



two li



three mu



four jin


等。


但除人民币的元、


角、


分外,

< br>美元、


英镑、


法郎等都有复数形式。

如:


a dollar, two dollars; a meter,


two meters



< p>
3


)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:


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people



police



cattle


等本身就是复数,不能说



a people



a police



a


cattle


,但可以说


a


person



a


policeman



a head of cattle, the English



the British



the French



the Chinese



the Japanese



the Swiss


等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如


The Chinese are industries and brave.



中国人民是勤劳勇敢


的。



4





s


结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:



a. maths



politics



physics


等学科名词,一般是 不可数名词,为单数。



b. news


为不可数名词。



c. the United States



the United Nations


应视为单数。






The United Nations was organized in 1945.


联合国是


1945


年组建起来的。



d.


以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为 单数。例如:




《一千零一夜》是一本 非常有趣的故事书。



5




表示由两部分构成的东西,如:


glasses


(眼镜)



trousers,



clothes


等,若表达具体数目,要


借助数量词



pair


(对,双)


;



suit


(套)


; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers


等。



6




另外还 有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:


goods


货物,


waters


水域,


fishe s


(各


种)鱼。






























1.4


不可数名词量的表示



1


)物质名词



a.


当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。



比较:


Cake is a kind of food.



蛋糕是一种食物。



(不可数)



These cakes are sweet.



这些蛋糕很好吃。



(可数)



b.


当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:



This factory produces steel.



(不可数)



We need various steels.



(可数)



c.


当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:



Our country is famous for tea.


我国因茶叶而闻名。



Two teas, please.


请来两杯茶。



2




抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如:



four freedoms


四大自由








the four modernizations


四个现代化



物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量,如


a glass of water


一杯水


/ a piece of advice




则建议。



5.


定语名词的复数



名词作定语一般用单数


,但也有以下例外。



1)


用复数作定语。例如:



sports meeting


运动会







students reading-room


学生阅览室



talks table


谈判桌











the foreign languages department


外语系



2




man, woman, gentleman


等作定语时,其 单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如:








men workers




women teachers




gentlemen officials


3




有些原 有


s


结尾的名词,作定语时,


s


保留。例如:











goods train


(货车)












arms produce



武器生产








customs papers


海关文件









clothes brush




衣刷




4




数词< /p>


+


名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如:

< p>


two-dozen eggs



两打鸡蛋




a ten-mile walk


十英里路



two-hundred trees


两百棵树





a five-year plan.



一个五年计划



1.6


不同国籍人的单复数




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国籍









总称(谓语用复数)







单数












复数



中国人








the Chinese











a Chinese







two Chinese


瑞士人








the Swiss












a Swiss










two Swiss


澳大利亚人




the Australians








an Australian





two Australians


俄国人







the Russians











a Russian








two Russians


意大利人





the Italians












an Italian









two Italians


希腊人







the Greek













a Greek










two Greeks


法国人






the French











a Frenchman








two Frenchmen


日本人






the Japanese










a Japanese









two Japanese


美国人





the Americans









an American







two Americans


印度人





the Indians












an Indian









two Indians


加拿大人




the Canadians








a Canadian








two Canadians


德国人





the Germans









a Germans









two Germans


英国人





the English










an Englishman






two Englishmen


瑞典人





the Swedish










a Swede











two Swedes






























1.7


名词的格





英语中有些名词可以加



来表示所有关系 ,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:


a teacher's book


。名词所有格的规则如下:



1




单数名 词词尾加



,复数名词词尾没有


s


,也要加



,如


the boy's bag


男孩的书包



men's room


男厕所。



2




若名词已有复数词尾


-s


,只加



,如:


the workers' struggle



工人的斗争。



3




凡不能 加



的名词,


都可以用

< br>


名词


+of +


名词

< p>


的结构来表示所有关系,


如:

the title of the song



的名字。



4




在表示 店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:


t he barber's


理发店。



5




如果两 个名词并列,并且分别有


's


,则表示



分别有



;只有一个

's


,则表示


'


共有


'


。例如:



John's and Mary's rooms


(两间)




John and Mary's room


(一间)



6




复合名词或短语,


's


加在最后一个词的词尾。例如:


a month or two's absence



















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实用文案



名词单复数练习



(




)


was


eager


to


make


some


extra


money,


since


during


these


years


he


could


hardly


live


on


his_______.






A. little wage






B. few wage






C. wage






D. wages


(




) of the houses in the village were burnt to ______ during the war.


A.






an ash





B. the ash






c. ash






d. ashes


(




) students at colleges or universities are making ______ for the coming New Year.


a.









many preparations






b. much preparation






c. preparations






d. preparation


(




)ng in _____ is one of their spare-time activities.


a.









oil






b. an oil






c. oils






d. the oil



(




) room was small and contained far too ______.


a. much new furniture






c. much new furnitures


b. many new furniture






d. many new furnitures


(




) was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.


a. rooms number






b. room number





c. room’s numbers






d. room numbers



(




)ers can do ______ work in a short time, but a man can not do ______ by himself.


a great many…many





c. much…a great deal




b. a great deal of…much






d. many…a great many



(




)8


.She didn’t know _____ he had been given.



A. how many information





B. how many informations




C. the number of information



D. how much information


(




) invited all of his ______ to join his wedding party.


a. comrade-in-arms






c. comrades-in-arm




b. comrades-in-arms







d. comrade-in-arm


(




) the ______ in the hospital got a rise last month.


a.



women doctors





c. woman doctors




b.



women doctor






d. woman doctor


(




) ten years, all these youngsters became_____.


a.



growns-ups







c. growns-up






b. grown-up






d. grown-ups



(




)12


.Mary’s dres


s is similar in appearance to her ______.





a. elder sister






b. elder sister’s






c. elder sisters






d. elder sisters dress



(




) the people at the conference are ______.


a. mathematic teachers





c. mathematics teacher



atics teachers




d. mathematic’s teachers




(




)s _____ with matter and motion.


a. deal






b. deals






c. dealing






d. are


(




) has written several books, but his last works _____ well known among his friends.


a. have






b. have been






c. is






d. are


(




) he checked up my ______ heart, the doctor advised him to rest for a few days.


a. father- in-


law’s







c. father’s


-in-law




b. father-in-


law









d. father’s


-in-


law’s



(




) told me _____ would come to his birthday party.


a.



many J


ack friends







c. many Jack’s friend




b.



Jack’s many friends



d. many friends of Jack’s



(




)18.I had my hair cut at the _____ around the corner.


a.


barber






b. barbers






c. barber’s






d. barbers’



(




)day evening we had a lovely evening at ______.


A


Peter and Helen’s










c. Peter and Helen





b.


Peter and Helens





d. Peter’s and Helen’s



(




)20


.______ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the sun’s energy.



a. The earth’s surface




c. The surface of earth




b. The surface earth



d. The earth surface



(




)21


.Why did you speak to Peter that way? Don’t you know he is an old friend of ______?



a. my brother






b. my brothers






c. my brother’s







d. my brother’s friend



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