-
三大从句
之本质解释
三大从句
定语从句
形容词从句
名词从句
主宾表同
状语从句
副词从句
一:定语从句的结构:
先行词
+
(关联词)
+
从句
解决定语从句题目的关键:
把先行词代入从句,重新组成句子;
先行词做状语,用关系副词(
when
,
where
,
why
)
先行词做主语、
宾语,
用
关系代词
(
that
,
which
,
who
,
whom
)
Wha
t
不能用在定语从句中。前面已经讲过我们就不讲了。
例题:
1. She says
that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s
sp
ent working as a secretary in
our company.
A. which
B. when
C.
how
D. where
【陷阱】
容易误选
B
,机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词
whe
n
,地点名词后用关系
副词
where.
【分析】
p>
正确答案为
A.
在时间名词和地点名词后是
否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充
当什么句子成分。
一般说来
,
若用作主语或宾语,
用关系代词;
若
用作状语,
则用关系副词。
上面一题中的动词
< br>
spent
缺宾语,故应用关系代词
which
或
that.
比较下面一题,由于空格
后的句子不缺少主语或宾语,所以选关系副词
when
:
变式:
(
1
)
Our
company will move to a tall building _______ we
bought last month.
A.
which
B. when
C. how
D. where
(
2
)
Our company will move to a tall
building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where
B. when
C.
that
D. which
二:名词从句:
本质:把
完整的句子当名词
来使用,用其来充当另一个句子
的
某种成分
。
一般情况下,名词在句子中只做四种成分:
?
主语:主语从句
?
宾语:宾语从句
?
表语:
跟
在系动词
(
be, become, appear,
seem, look,
sound, feel, get,
smell
等词后
+adj
?
同位语:同位语从句。
问题的关键:可以把什么样的句子来当名词呢?
p>
陈述句(
that
)
;一般疑问句(
whether
;
i
f
)
;
特殊
疑问句
(
when
;
< br>where
;
why
;
how
;
which
)
总乊:
三种句子;四种成分
1
:主语从句:
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主
语从句通常由
从属连
词
that
,
whether
,
if
,
as if
和
< br>because
等连接代词
what
,
who
,
which
,
whatever
,
w
hoever
,
whom
等以及连接副
词
how
,
when
< br>,
where
,
why
等词引导。
that
在句中无词义,只起连接作
用;连接代词和连
接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中
充当从句的成分。
because
引导表语从
句。注:
whom
、
who
指人,
what
指物,
w
hatever
,
whoever
表示
泛指意义。
例如:
What he wants to tell us is not clear.
Who will win
the match is still unknown.
It is known to us how he
became a writer.
Where the English evening
will be held has not yet been
announced.
有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形
式主语
it
代替主语从句作
形式主语放
于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的
谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下
:
(
1
)
It + be +
名词
+ that
从句
(
2
)
It
+ be +
形容词
+
that
从句
(
3
)
It
+ be +
动词的过去
分词
+ that
从句
(
4
)
It
+
不及物动词
+ that
从句
例题:
1. ______ was
most important to her, she told me, was her
family.
A. It
B. This
C. What
D.
As
2. It is obvious to
the
students
______ they should get well prepared for their
future.
A. as
B. which
C. whether
D.
that
2
宾语从句