2014考研英语一真题试题及答案(翻译)

资料来源：中国教育在线

/

2014

考研英语一真题试题及答案（翻译）

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments

into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)

Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different

things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic,

philosophical,

sensual, or mathematical, but

in any case it must, in my view, have

something

to

do

with

the

soul

of

the

human

being.

Hence

it

is

metaphysical;

but

the

means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is

precisely

this

permanent

coexistence

of

metaphysical

message

through

physical

means

that

is

the

strength

of

music.46)

It

is

also

the

reason

why

when

we

try

to

describe

music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp

music itself.

Beethoven

’

s importance in music has been principally defined by the

revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing

conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to

break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as

in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the

weight of convention. 47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a

courageous

one,

and

I

find

courage

an

essential

quality

for

the

understanding,

let

alone the performance, of his works.

This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of

Beethoven

’

s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for

example

in

the

use

of

dynamics.

48)

Beethoven

’

s

habit

of

increasing

the

volume

with

an extreme intensity

and then abruptly following it with

a sudden soft passage

was

only rarely used by composers before him.

Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was

not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior

and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.49)

Especially

significant

was

his

view

of

freedom,

which,

for

him,

was

associated

with

the

rights

and

responsibilities

of

the

individual:

he

advocated

freedom

of

thought

and of personal expression.

Beethoven

’

s

music

tends

to

move

from

chaos

to

order

as

if

order

were

an

imperative

of human existence. For

him, order does not result from

forgetting or

ignoring

the

资料来源：中国教育在线

/

资料来源：中国教育在线

/

disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an

improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by

chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but

the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. 50) One could interpret

much

of

the

work

of

Beethoven

by

saying

that

suffering

is

inevitable,

but

the

courage

to fight it renders life worth living.

46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we

can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.

【句型分析】本句主句主干为

it

is

the

reason

，

why

引导定语从句，修饰

< br>the

reason

。

定语从 句的主干是

all we can do is articulate our reactions and not grasp music

itself

，其表语是不定式短语，由于主语中含有

do

，不定式符号

to

省略：

articu late

our

reactions and not grasp music itself

。

our reactions

之后

to it

为 其定语，

it

指代

music

。定语从句中还包含

when

引导的时间状语从 句。

【翻译要点】①本句主干的主句是主系表结构，

reason< /p>

后

why

引导的定语从句较长，

翻译时可以与主干部分结合，调整表达为：这也就是为什么?

.

。

②定语从句中，

when

with

words< /p>

做状语，翻译时需调整语序

到其修饰的

t o describe

之前，可以表达为“当我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时”

的主干顺译即可，其中

reactio n

根据语境，可以翻译为“感受”

，其定语

to

it

在表达时前

置，

it

指代还原为“音乐”

，则可以翻译为“所 有我们能做的，就是明确表达我们对于音乐

的感受”

，或者调整 表达为“我们只能明确表达我们对于音乐的感受”

。

and

之后，

grasp

依

据语境，需要翻译为“理解”

。

【译文总结】

这也是为什么当我们试图用语言来描述音乐时，

我们只能明确表达我们对