-
动词短语和常用习惯表达
动词短语是许多省高
考的必考内容。有时一个动词可以跟多个小品词构成多个短语动
词，
有时一个短语动词又有多个意思。
在平时的学习中，
我们要
有意识地去积累这方面的知
识，
这样才能使学习更高效。
掌握好常用的动词短语和习惯表达对于我们做完形和阅读的帮
助也很大
。
第
1
讲
常用动词短语（一）
考点
1.
break
相关
短语
（机器、车辆）停
止运转；
（健康、精
break down
< br>神）崩溃；（
系统、讨论等
）
出
问题；
分解
break away
break out
break in/into
break up
打破陈规
，
放弃习惯；奋力挣脱
（战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发
破门而入
打碎、分裂；分手
①
Let’s break up
the whole into parts.
让我们化整为零。
②
You must break
away from these old customs.
你们必须破除这些旧风俗。
③
The dog broke
away from its owner and ran away.
狗挣脱了主人，跑了。
④
After a long
time of hard work
，
he almost
broke down.
长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。
⑤
Why
did the peace talks break
down
？
为什么和谈失败了？
⑥
This matter
will break down in water.
这种物质在水中会分解。
1.
【
2012
陕西】
He
had
to
pause
from
time
to
time
to
wipe
the
sweat
from
his
forehead,
because the air-
conditioning system ______.
A. broke in
B.
broke up
C. broke out
D.
broke down
2.
【
2013
福建】
Old-
fashioned phones matter when wireless networks
______ in disasters.
A. turn down
B.
turn out
C. break down
D. break out
3.
【
20
09
江苏】
—
I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and
Paul have ______.
—
So am I. They seemed very
happy together when I last saw them.
A. broken up
C. divided up
B. finished
up
D.
closed up
4.
【<
/p>
2006
辽宁】
The
computer system ______
suddenly while he was searching for
information
on the Internet.
A. broke
down
B. broke
out
C. broke up
D. broke in
5.
【<
/p>
2006
广东】
I was still
sleeping when the fire ______, and then it spread
quickly.
A.
broke out
B. put out
C.
came out
D. got out
考点
2.
call
相关
短语
call at a place
call
sb
.
call
(sb
.
)
call off
call
on
/upon
sb
.
to do
sth
.
call up
call
in
call out
for
on
/upon
拜访某地
拜访或看望某人
sth
.
需
要，
要求
；
接
（某人）
、
来取
（某物）
；
喊着要人取来
叫走，转
移开
；
取消，不举行
号召某人做某事
(
< br>给……
)
打电话；
想起，回忆起
收回，召回
大声喊
①
Call your dog off.
把你的狗叫走。
②
The match was
called off because of bad weather.
由于天气不好，比赛取消了。
③
This problem
calls for careful thought.
这个问题需要好好想一想。
④
I’ll call for
you at seve
n
this
evening.
今晚七点我来接你。
⑤
We call for the
package at the post office.
我们到邮局去取包裹。
⑥
The toy company
has decided to call in the defective products all
over the world
.
该玩具公司已决定在全世界范围内召回那些有缺陷的产品。
⑦
They boy called
out for help.
那个男孩大声呼救。
6.
【
20
09
福建
】
The
Somali
robbed
frequent
attacks
on
the
sea
urged
the
United
Nations
to______ all nations
to take immediate action.
A. fight
for
B. apply for
C
. call on
D. wait on
7.
【
2007
山东】
I
t’s the sort of work that ______ a high level of
concentration.
A. calls for
B.
makes up
C. lies
in
D. stands for
8.
【
20
06
湖北】
As I grew up in a small
town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the
village
______scenes of my childhood.
A. called up
B.
called for
C. called on
D.
called in
考点
3. <
/p>
come
相关
短语
come about
发生（不及物）；（
bring
ab
out
，使发
生，及物）
偶然遇到（
meet
with
和
run
< br>into
也有
这个意思）
进展；一起来
想出（主意或计划等）
（书、唱片、电影等）出版发行；
（花）开放
to
< br>苏醒过来（
oneself
可以省略）
< br>
come across
come along
come up with
come out
come
oneself
come
realize
come up
to
开始意识到
（在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论
①
Things are
coming along fine.
事情进展顺利
。
②
When does their
new album come out?
他们的新唱片什么时候发行？
③
The subject
came up at the meeting yesterday.
这个话题昨天在会议上被提及。
9.
【
20
11
安徽】
If
you
______ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask
the shop assistant to
reduce the price.
A. come across
B. care about
C.
look for
D. focus upon
10.
【
2011
天津】
She
______
an
old
friend
of
hers
yesterday
while
she
was
shopping
at
the
department store.
A.
turned down
B.
dealt with
C.
took after
D.
came across
11.
【
2
013
新课标
Ⅱ】
Would you
like to ______ with us to the film tonight?
A. come along
B. come off
C. come across
D. come through
12.
【
2
007
江苏】
—
Have you
______ some new ideas?
—Yeah. I’ll tell
you later.
A. come about
B. come into
C. come up with
D. come out with
13.
【
2
006
湖北】
It’s already 10
o’clock I wonder
how it _______ that
she was two hours late on
such a short
trip.
A. came
over
B. came
out
C. came about
D. came up
14.
【
2005
重庆】
His idea of having weekly family meals together,
which seemed difficult at first,
has
______ many good changes in their lives.
A. got through
B. resulted
from
C. turned into
D.
brought about
考点
4.
cut
相关
短语
cut
down/back
cut in
cut off
cut up
减少
插话；（车从前面突然）插入
切断、终止（供应、电话等）；
使与外界隔断
切成碎片
①
The government has announced plans to
cut back on defence spending by 10% next year.
政府已宣布计划明年减少防务开支
1
0%
。
②
I’m trying to cut down on caffeine.
我在尽力减少咖啡因的服用量。
③
I was just
talking to Jan
e
, when Dave
cut in (on us
/
our conversation).
< br>我正和
Jane
谈话，这时
Da
ve
突然插话进来。
④
Did you see
that white car cut in (on us/ in front of us)?
你看到那辆白色的车突然插入（到我们前面）了吗？
⑤
If this bill is
not paid within five days, your gas supply will be
cut off.
如果这个账单五天内不付，你的液化气供应将会被切断。
⑥
Many villages
have been cut off by the heavy snow.
许多村庄因为网搜语法通霸大雪与外面隔断。
⑦
He cut the wood
up to build a fire.
他把木头破碎来生火。
15.
【
2
013
陕西】
My uncle hasn’t been
able to q
uit smoking, but at least he
has ______.
A. cut out
B. cut down
C. cut up
D. cut off
16.
【
2005
湖南】
I was just talking to Margot when Jackson ______.
A. cut in
B. cut down
C. cut out
D.
cut up
考点
5.
get
相关
短语
get
along/on
get down to
（人）相处融洽；（工作）进展……
开始认真做某事（
to
是介词）
结束、
完成；
成功地联络；
通过
（考试）
；
get
through
渡
过
难
关
（
也
常
< br>用
go
through,
be
through
）
get away
get away with
get changed
get across
get over
get together
get to sb.
逃脱；离开
做成某坏事而未被发觉或处罚
换衣
使理解，使相信
战胜、克服（困难……）
聚会
使某人受到影响（
cause sb. to suffer
or
be upset
）
①
How are you
getting along/on
with
your
job?
你的工作进展得怎么样？
②
She got through
her exams without too much trouble.
她没有遇到太大麻烦就通过了考试。
③
I don’t know
how I got through the first couple of months after
Andy’s death.
我不知道在安迪死后我是怎样度过前几个月的。
④
The thief got
away in
the
dark.
那个贼趁着黑暗逃脱了。
⑤
If someone
commits a murder, he won
’
t
get away with it.
如果一个人犯了谋杀罪，他是不会逃脱惩罚的。
⑥
I
wanted to come along, but couldn’t get
away.
我想要一起走，但是走不开。
⑦
We tried to get
our point across, but he just wouldn’t listen.
我们尽力想使他理解我们的意思，但他就是不听。
⑧
The heat was
beginning to get to me, so I went
indoors.
炎热开始使我感到难受，因此我走进屋里。
⑨
I
know he’s annoying, but you shouldn’t let him get
to you.
我知道他很烦人，但你不应当让他影响你。
17.
【
2
010
福建】
We’ve just moved into
a bigger house and there’s a lot to do.
Let’s______ it.
A. keep up
with
B. do away
with
C. get down
to
D. look
forward to
18.
【<
/p>
2013
天津】
I had hoped
to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to
______.
A. get away
B. drop in
C. check out
D. hold on
19.
【
2
013
江苏】
Team leaders must
ensure that all members ______ their natural
desire to avoid
the embarrassment
associated with making mistakes.
A. get
over
B. look over
C.
take over
D. come over
20.
【
2
007
湖北】
If we can ______ our
present difficulties, then everything should be
all right.
A. come across
B. get over
C.
come over
D.
get off
21.
【
2010
浙江】
After that, he
knew he could ______ any emergency by doing what
be could to
the best of his ability.
A
.
get away with
B
.
get on with
C
.
get through
D
.
get
across
22.
【
2007
天津】
Hard
ly could he ______ this amount of work in such a
short time.
A. get through
B.
get off
C. get into
D. get down
23.
<
/p>
【
2009
全国
I
】
I tried phoning her
office, but I couldn’t______.
A. get along
B. get on
C. get to
D. get through
24.
【
2008
陕西】
It’s going
to rain. Xiao Feng,
w
ill you
please help me ______ the clothes on the
line?
A. get off
B. get
back
C. get in
D. get
on
25.
【
2
008
四川】
I used to quarrel a
lot with my parents, but now we______ fine.
A. look out
B. stay up
C. carry on
D. get along
26.
【
2
006
重庆】
—
How are
you managing to do your work without an assistant?
—
Well
，
I ______somehow.
A. get along
B. come on
C. watch out
D. set off
27.
【
2004
全国
I
】
Sarah, hurry up. I’m
afraid you can’t have time to ______ before the
party.
A. get
changed
B. get change
C.
get changing
D.
get to change
考点
6.
give
相关
短语
give away
give in
捐赠；泄露（秘密）
屈服，投降
（机器或身体某部分
stop
working
）停
give out
止工作（指人可译作“筋疲力尽”）；
用完、
< br>用尽；
分发
（作业、
文件、
物品）
；
散布、公布（消息、文件等）
give off/out
give
up
发出（气味、热、光等）
放弃（后跟动名词）
①
The party was
meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it away.
本打算这个派对秘密准备，但
Sha
ron
却泄了密。
②
She thinks no
one knows how much she likes him, but her face
gave her away!
她认为没有人知道她多么爱他，但她的表情却告诉了我们一切。
③
All machines
gave out eventually.
所有的机器最终都停止了运转。
④
Our food
supplies gave out.
我们的食物供应已经用完。
⑤
Both the man
and the horse gave out after the long ride.
赶了很长一段路后，人马俱乏。
⑥
The government
gave out food to people out of work.
政府向失业者分发食品。
⑦
They stood
there, giving out the leaflets to the passers-by.
他们站在那里
,
向过路人散发传单。
⑧
This milk must
be bad, for it is giving off a nasty smell.
牛奶一定变质了，因为它散发出一
种令人恶心的气味。
⑨
The sun gives
out light and heat to the earth.
太阳向地球发出光和热。
⑩
He gave up
teaching only two years ago.
两年前他才离开教学工作的。
28.
【
2008
江西】
If a
person has not had enough sleep, his actions will
give him ______during the
day.
A. away
B. up
C.
in
D. back
29.
【
2007
福建】
The
news of the mayor’s coming to our
school
for a visit was ______ on the
radio yesterday.
A. turned out
B. found out
C.
given out
D.
carried out
30.
<
/p>
【
2005
山东】
What shall we use for power when all the oil in
the world has ______?
A.
given out
B. put out
C.
held up
D. used
up
考点
7.
go
相关
短语
go about
着手做某事
（
begin to
do/deal with sth.
）
，
后跟动名词；到处走动
复习；仔细察看
爆炸；（枪、闹铃）响
go
over
go off
go
red/
mad/
blind/
hungry
go
(with)
ahead
go
是系动词，“变得”
开始
(
继续
)
做某事
go through
(
法律、计划等
)
通过，批准
；经受（困
难）；全面检查
①
How can we go
about solving this problem?
我们怎样着手解决这个问题？
②
Didn
’t you hear your alarm
clock going off this morning?
你没听到你的闹钟今天早上响了吗？
③
We’ve
received
permission
to
go
ahead
with
the
music
festival
in
spite
of
opposition
from
local residents.
尽管当地居民反对，我们得到允许继续举办音
乐节。
④
I always go over my revision notes just
before I go into an exam.
在考试之前，我总是认真复习我的复习笔记。
⑤
You must go
over the instructions of how it works before you
use the micro-wave oven.
在使用微波炉前要先看看它的使用说明。
⑥
I’m going
through my wardrobe and throwing out all the
clothes I don’t wear any more.
我全面检查了我的衣柜，网搜语法通霸把我不穿的衣服都拿了出来。
⑦
Remember to go
through the pockets before you put those trousers
in the washing machine.
在把裤子放进洗衣机之前，记着看一下口袋。
31.
【
2
007
安徽】
—Didn’t you have a
good time at the party?
—
Of course I did. As a
matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to
______ so quickly.
A. go
by
B. go away
C. go
out
D. go over
32.
【
2007
江苏】
—
Do you think that housing price will
keep ______ in the years to come?
—
Sorry, I have no idea.
A. lifting up
B. going up
C. bringing up
D. growing up
33.
【
2007
浙江】
Would you please ______this form
for
me to see if I’ve filled it in right?
A. take off
B. look after
C. give up
D. go
over
34.
< br>【
20
11
四川
】
To
get a better grade,
you
should
______
the notes again before
the
test.
A. go over
B. get over
C. turn over
D. take over
第
2
讲
常用动词短语（二）
考点
1.
look
< br>相关
短语
look
around/about
look
sth.
look down on
look
forward
to
back on
环视四周
回顾
(
某事
)
，回想
(
某事
)
看不起，瞧不起
期待，盼望（后跟动名词）
look
up
look over
look
sb.
over
look through
抬头看；
(
在书、字典中
)
查找；好转
审阅，检查（
to quickly
examine
）
上下打量（某人）
翻阅，浏览（
to read
s
th.
quickly
）
调查，研究，了解；
look
into one
’
s
eyes
直视
注意，小心（也可用
watch
out!
）
留意
（
try to
notice
，
也可用
watch
out for,
keep an eye out
for
）
钦佩、敬仰某人（
look down
upon
瞧不
起）
照料，照看
look into
sth.
look out
look out for
look up to sb.
look after
look
on/upon
sb.
as
把某人当作……看待
①
I still shudder
when I look back on the past.
想起过去，我仍然不寒而栗。
②
Things are
looking up.
情况在好转。
③
You shouldn’t
look down upon the poor.
你不应该瞧不起穷人
。
④
The police are
looking into the cause of the accident.
警方正调查事故原因。
⑤
Look out.
There’s a car coming!
当心
!
汽车来了
!
⑥
I had a few
minutes before the meetin
g to look over
what he’d written.
在会前我有几分钟时间来快速查看他写的内容。
⑦
He looked her
over and nodded lightly.
他上下打量她，然后微微点了点头。
⑧
We looked on
her as a daughter.
我们把她当作女儿看待。
⑨
While shopping
here, you must look out for pickpockets.
在这里购物时，你一定要留意扒手。
⑩
Many fans look
up to Yao Ming.
许多粉丝都很钦佩姚明。
1.
【
20
11
四川】
I
of
t
en ______ the words I
don’t know in the dictionary or on the
I
nternet.
A.
look
up
B.
look
at
C.
l
ook for
D.
look into
2.
【
2009
湖北】
Wo
uld you please ______ the paper for me and see if
there are any obvious
mistakes?
A. look around
B. look into
C. look up
D. look through
3.
【<
/p>
2009
江西】
It is
reported that the police will soon ______ the case
of two missing children.
A. look
upon
B. look after
C.
look into
D. look out
4.
【
20
07
全国
I
】
“Goodbye, then,” she said, without even ______
f
rom her book.
A.
looking down
B.
looking up
C. looking
away
D. looking
on
5.
【
2010
安徽】
No
matter how low you consider yourself ,
there is always someone
______
you
wishing they were that high.
A. getting rid of
B. getting along
with
C. looking up
to
D. looking
down upon
考点
2.
pa
y
相关
短语
pay back
偿还；报复
还清（债务、欠款）；
（付出得到）回报
pay
off
pay
sb.
some
money for sth.
pay down
因为某物
/
事付给某人多少钱
当场支付，现金支付
①
Can you lend me
some money
? I’ll pay you/it
back tomorrow.
你能借给我一些钱吗？我明天还你。
②
He swore he’d
pay her back for all she’d done t
o him.
他发誓他要为她所做的一切报复她。
③
We should be
able to pay off the debt within two years.
我们应该两年内能还清债务。
④
All her hard
work paid off in the end, and she finally passed
the exam.
她所有的努力最后都得到了回报，她终
于通过了网搜语法通霸考试。
6.
【
2012
安徽
】
The athlete’s years of hard training
______ when
she finally won the Olympic
gold medal.
A. went
on
B. got through
C.
paid off
D. ended up
7.
【
20
13
新课标
Ⅱ
】
The watch was very good, and he ______ 20 percent
down for it.
A. paid
B.
cost
C. bought
D. spent
考点
3.
pick
相关
短语
pick up
捡起，拿起
去拿某物，去接某人
中途搭载乘客
（在实践中）学得（语言习惯等）
买（便宜货），用较少的钱买到
见到
、听到、闻到（微弱光、声音、气
味）
（无线电）接收到（信号）
（中断后）重新开始，继续
跌倒后站
(
爬
)
起来<
/p>
increase or improve
增加、改善：
（风）变大，（车）提速，
(
生意
?
生产
?
天气
?
健康等
)
好转
?
有起
色等
pick out
(
从众多人、物中
)
辨认出；挑选
①
I went to pick
up the phone/receiver, but it had stopped
ringing.
我去想拿起电话听筒，但它已停止响了。
②
When you’re in town
,
could you pick up the books I ordered?
当你在镇上的时候，请把我订购的书拿回来好吗？
③
Whose turn is
it to pick the children up after school?
该谁去接孩子了？
④
The train
stopped several times to pick up passengers.
火车沿途停了好几次
,
让乘客上车
?
⑤
My friends knew where to pick up a good
second-hand bike.
我的朋友知道在哪里可以便宜
< br>地买到好的二手自行车
?
⑥
We picked up
the harbor lights as we sailed
along.
我们向前航行时看见了港口灯塔。
⑦
Police dogs
picked up the scent
（气味）
of the two men from clothes they had
left behind.
警犬从那两个人丢在后面的衣服上闻到了他们的气味。
⑧
Can you pick up
Moscow on your radio?
你的收音机能收到莫斯科电台吗？
⑨
After lunch
shall we pick up where we left off yesterday?
午饭后我们从我们昨天停的那个地方开始吗？
⑩
She fell off
her bike, but quickly picked herself up.
她从自行车上摔了下来
,
但马上爬了起来
?
?
The truck
picked up speed slowly.
卡车慢慢提速。
?
The wind always
picks up in the evening.
夜晚时风总是变大。
?
His spirits
picked up when he got the good news.
当得知好消息后，他精神焕发。
?
The economy is
finally beginning to pick up again.
经济终于又开始有所好转
?