(完整版)2017年考研英语一试卷真题

D

．

required

D

．

Even

D

．

tests

D

．

minimized

D

．

compare d

D

．

re cord

D

．

in the way of

D

．

r eturn

D

．

until

D

．

decreases

D

．< /p>

influences

Section

Ⅱ

Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four the questions below each text by choosing

A,B,C or your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

（

40 points

）

Text 1

First two hours,now three hours

—

this is how far in advance authorities are

recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight,at least at some major

ts with increasingly massive security lines.

Americans are willing to tolerate time

-

consuming security protocols in return for

increased crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed

over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of demanding

too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public

support for the it should:Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic

and private lives,not to mention infuriating.

Last year,the Transportation Security Administration(TSA)found in a secret

check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons

—

both fake and real

—

past airport security nearly every time they ed security measures since

then,combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil

prices,have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare

is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become

—

but the lines are obvious.

Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in

airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the of the

issue is that airports have only so much room for screening r factor may

be that more people are trying to overpack their carry

-

on bags to avoid

checked

-

baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.

There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports

or rushing to hire:Enroll more people in the PreCheck ck is supposed

to be a win

-

win for travelers and the gers who pass a background check

are eligible to use expedited screening allows the TSA to focus on travelers

who are higher risk,saving time for everyone wants to enroll 25 million

people in PreCheck.

It has not gotten anywhere close to that,and one big reason is sticker

shock:Passengers must pay$$85 every five years to process their background

the beginning,this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal ng

reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable Congress should look

into doing so directly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in

other ways.

The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes

while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary is long past time to

make the program work.

crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to

[A]explain American

’

s tolerance of current security checks.

[B]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.

[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major ts.

[D]emphasize the importance of privacy protection.

of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?

[A]New restrictions on carry

-

on bags.

[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA.

[C]An increase in the number of travellers.

[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.

word

“

expedited

”

(Liner 4,Para.5)is closet in meaning to

[A]quieter.

[B]cheaper.

[C]wider.

[D]faster.

problem with the PreCheck program is

[A]a dramatic reduction of its scale.

[B]its wrongly

-

directed implementation.

[C]the government

’

s reluctance to back it.

[D]an unreasonable price for enrollment.

of the following would be the best

title for the text?

[A]Less Screening for More Safety

[B]PreCheck

–

a Belated Solution

[C]Getting Stuck in Security Lines

[D]Underused PreCheck Lanes

Text 2

“

The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,

”

wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii's

last reigning monarch,in watchers were among the most esteemed members

of Hawaiian ,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii ts

have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT),a giant

observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.

At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcano

worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the

Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful

in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our

planet's dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of

unsurpassed clarity.

Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group

of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far

sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign

nation.

Some blame for the current controversy belongs to their

eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is not the only way of

understanding the did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's

fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands'an culture is not a

relic of the past

；

it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.

Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn of

same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought

early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the

to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future

development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to

answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are

s that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling

to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.

The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna

TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope

’

s visibility around the island

and to avoid archaeological and environmental limit the number of

telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and

their sites returned to a natural is no reason why everyone cannot be

welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.

Liliuokalani

’

s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates

[A]her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.

[B]the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.

[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.

[D]her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.

Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to

[A]its geographical features.

[B]its protective surroundings.

[C]its religious implications.

[D]its existing infrastructure.

construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because

[A]it may risk ruining their intellectual life.

[B]it reminds them of a humiliating history.

[C]their culture will lose a chance of revival.

[D]they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.

can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today

’

s astronomy

[A]is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.

[B]helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.

[C]may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.

[D]will eventually soften Hawaiians

’

hostility.< /p>

author

’

s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of

[A]severe criticism.

[B]passive acceptance.

[C]slight hesitancy.

[D]full approval.

Text 3

Robert y once said that a country's GDP measures

“

everything except

that which makes life worthwhile.

”

With Britain voting to leave the European

Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to

assess what he was referring to.

The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a

argue that it is a flawed measures things that do not matter

and misses things that most recent measures,the UK

’

s GDP has been the envy

of the Western world,with record low unemployment and high growth

everything was going so well,then why did over 17 million people vote for

Brexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country

’

s economic

prospects?

A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into

well

-

being sheds some light on that the 163 countries measured,the

UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated

into meaningful improvements for its than just focusing on GDP,over

40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have

been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.

While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of

consistent ,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008

global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major

economies have continued to this isn

’

t the case with all

relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures

including civil society,income equality and environment.

This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as

the sole measure of a country

’

s success,the world looks very different.

So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most

common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no

longer does not include important factors such as environmental quality or

education outcomes

–

all things that contribute to a person's sense of well

-

being.

The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a

decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well

-

being and for