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悬垂分词
分词做状语时,其逻辑主语英语句子中的主语一致。但有时分词的主语与其
所在句子中的主语并不一致,拥有这种现象的分词,叫做垂悬分词。
例如
Looking
out
of
the
window
of
our
hotel
room,
there
are
lots
of
mountains.
(
这句话听起来好像是那些山从窗户
往外看。
)
Admired
by
everybody,
dozens
of
letters
reached
the
veteran
sold
ier.
(
这句话听起来好像是信件被赞扬。
)
Sitting
under
an
apple
tree
one
night,
an
idea
came
to
Newton.
(
p>
这句话听上去好像是某种思想坐在树下。
)
关于<
/p>
“
悬垂分词
”
这
条语法规则也有例外情况。下面几种情况中的分词
(
短语
)
,
不再认为它们是
“
悬垂分词
”
,即句子是正确的。
p>
1)
有些分词
(
短
语
)
可用来表示说话
人的态度,看问题
的角度,或者对所叙述的情况进行解释,它们便成了句子的独
立成分,其逻辑主语也就不
再是句子的主语。
Strictly
speaking,
nobody
is
allowed
in
here.
严格地讲,谁也不允许在这儿。
(s
peaking
的逻辑主语并不是
nobody)
Judging
from
his
accent,
he
must
be
from
the
South.
从他的口音判断,他一定是南方人。
(
这句中不是
he
在
< br>“
判断
”)
Taken
as
a
whole,
there
is
nothing
with
the
book.
总的来说,这本书没有问题。
Taking
all
things
into
consideration,
his
work
is
a
successful
one.
全面考虑起来,他的工作还是很成功的。
经常这
样用的分词
(
分词词组
)
有:
frankly
(broadly,
generally,
properly,
s
trictly…)
speaking,
judging
from(by)…,talking
about…,speaking
of…,loo
king
at…,taking…into
consideration,
put
frankly,
taken…
等。
1
2)
这样使用的有些分词,
在句子中逐渐起到连词或介词的作用,
便把它们视为
连词或介词。
Granting
that
he
had
the
best
intention,
his
conduct
might
work
great
mischief.
就算他出于好意,他的行为也会引起极大不快。
There
were
ten
people
in
the
room,
including
me.
屋子里有十个人,包括我在内。
Provided
that
my
expenses
are
paid,
I
will
go.
要是我的费用有人代付,我就去。
1
、定义
“
悬垂分词
”,
是指其逻辑主语与所处句子的主语不一致的分词。
2
、举例
Looking out of the window
of our hotel room, there are lots of mountains.
这句话听起来好像是那些山从窗户往外看。
Admired by
everybody, dozens of letters reached the veteran
soldier
.
这句话听起来好像是信件被赞扬。
3
、具体用法讲解
< br>1
.悬垂分词作状语表示说话人的看法。
(
1
)
Judging
from
(或
by
)
his accent, he
must be from London.
从他的口音判断,他一定是伦敦人。
(
2
)
Strictly
speaking, that school is not very old.
严格地说,那所学校不算很古老。
悬垂分词作状语,这类状语也可看作为独立成分。
2
.悬垂分词的逻辑主语是泛指,而不是特指。
(
1
)
Whe
n packing the goods, greatest care must be given
to reinforcing the cases as any
damage
in transit would cause us heavy losses.
2
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