-
计算机专业英语（第四版）课后习题答案
Unit 1
[Ex 1]
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. F
[Ex 2]
1. input, storage,
processing, and output
2. power;
speed;
memory
3.
central processing unit
4. internal;
primary; memory
5. keyboard;
central processing unit;
main memory;
monitor
[Ex 3]
A.
1. F
2. D
3. G
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. E
8. H
B.
1. user
2.
monitor
3. data
4. keyboard
5.
data processing
6. information
7. computer
8.
memory
[Ex 4]
1.
input device
2. screen,
screen
3. manipulates
4. instructions
5. retrieve
6. code
7. hard copy
8.
Function
[
Ex. 5
]
新处理器开始
IT
技术的新时代
New Processors Open New Era of
IT Technologies
Last
week,
Intel
introduced
to
the
public
in
Russia
and
other
CIS
countries
a
family
of
processors Intel Xeon E5-2600. They are
more powerful and reliable and, importantly, are
very
economical
in
terms
of
energy
consumption.
Their
presence
opens
a
new
era
in
the
field
of
IT
technologies and means
that the cloud technology is getting closer.
These processors are primarily designed
for servers, data centers (DPC) and
supercomputers.
The emergence of this
class of devices is not accidental. According to
the regional director of Intel
in
Russia and other CIS states Dmitri Konash who
spoke at the event, the market of IT-technology
is
developing
so
rapidly
that,
according
to
forecasts,
by
2015
there
will
be
15
billion
devices
connected to the
Internet, and over 3 billion of active
users
.
上周，
英特尔公司向俄罗斯和其它独联体国家的公众推出了英特尔
Xeon E5-
2600
系列处
理器，
它们更加强大可
靠，
尤其是在能量消耗方面更加经济实惠。
它们的问世意味着<
/p>
IT
技术
领域开始了一个新时代，标志着
云技术距离我们越来越近。
这些处理器主要是为服务器、
数字处理中心和超级计算机设计的。
这种处理器的出现并
非偶然。根据英特尔公司俄罗斯和其他独联体地区负责人
Dmitri K
onash
就此事发表的看法，
IT
技
术市场的发展速度极快，根据预测，到
2015
年与英特网连接
的设施将有
150
亿，用户超
过
30
亿。
[Ex 6]
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. F
5. T
6. F
7. T
8. F
Unit 2
[Ex 1]
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. F
[Ex 2]
1. sizes,
shapes, processing capabilities
2.
supercomputers, mainframe computers,
minicomputers, microcomputers
3. mainframe
computer
4. microcomputers,
storage locations
5. protables,
laptop
computers/notebook/palm-sized computer.
desktop workstations
6.
semiconductor
7. CPU, memory, storage, devices,
processing, users
8. microprocessor chip
[Ex 3]
A.
1. C
2. A
3. H
4. I
5. E
6. F
7. G
8. B
B.
1. capacity
2.
device
3. laptop computer
4. Portable computers
5. Silicon
6. semiconductor
7. workstation
8. voltage
9. RAM
10. ROM
[Ex 4]
1.
portable
2. access
3. main memory
4. sophisiticated programs
5.
processing capability
6.
instructions
7. computation
8. computer professional
[
Ex 5
]
平板电脑
Tablet
Computer
A tablet computer,
or simply tablet, is a one-piece, mobile version
of a personal computer,
primarily
operated by touchscreen (the user's finger
essentially functions as the mouse and cursor,
removing the need for the physical
[i.e., mouse & keyboard] hardware components
necessary for a
desktop
or
laptop
computer;
and,
an
onscreen,
hideable
virtual
keyboard
is
integrated
into
the
display).
Available
in
a
variety
of
sizes,
even
the
smallest's
touchscreens
are
much
larger
than
those
of
a
smart
phone
or
personal
digital
assistant.
A
tablet
computer
may
be
connected
to
a
keyboard
with a wireless link or a USB port. Convertible
notebook computers have an integrated
keyboard that can be hidden by a swivel
joint or slide joint, exposing only the screen for
touch
operation.
Hybrids
have
a
detachable
keyboard
so
that
the
touch
screen
can
be
used
as
a
stand-alone
tablet.
Booklets
include
dual-touchscreens,
and
can
be
used
as
a
notebook
by
displaying a virtual keyboard in one of
them.
Notes:
cursor
[?k?
:s
?
] n.
光标
swivel
[?swiv?
l]
n.
旋轴；旋转接头
detachable
[di?t?t??
bl]
adj.
可拆开的
stand-alone
adj.
独立运行的
hybrids= hybrid
computer
混合计算机
booklet
[?buklit]
n.
笔记本式平板电脑
平板电脑，也叫平板，是个人计算机的一款，可移动，是一个整体。平板电脑主要依靠
< br>触屏操作
（用户的手指发挥了鼠标和光标的作用，
替代了
台式和膝上电脑必须的物理硬件
[
即
鼠
标和键盘
]
。还有一个与显示器整合的可隐藏的屏幕虚拟键盘）
。平板电脑型号多种，即使
是最小的触屏也比智能手机或个人数
字助理的屏幕大多了。
可以用无线连接或
USB
插口给平
板电脑连接一个键盘。
可旋转笔记本电脑可以
通过一个旋转铰链或一个滑动铰链把集成的键
盘隐藏起来，
仅仅
在需要触摸时显示。
混合型计算机配有一个可拆分的键盘，
这样
触屏可以
当作一个单独的平板电脑使用。
笔记本平板电脑包括两
个触屏，
在其中一个触屏上显示虚拟
键盘就可以作为笔记本使用
。
[Ex 6]
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. F
6. T
7. F
8. T
9. F
10. T
11. F
12. T
13.
T
14. T
Unit 3
[Ex 1]
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. F
8. F
9. T
10. F
11. T
12. F
13.
F
14. T
15. F
[Ex 2]
1. microprocessor
2. bus
3. register
4.
control unit
5. processor
6.
binary
7.
arithmetic, logical
8. milliseconds, microseconds,
nanoseconds.
9. instruction
10. execution
11. megahertz
12. wordsize
[Ex 3]
A.
1. F
2. A
3. J
4. C
5. D
6. E
7. H
8. I
9. B
10. G
B.
1. Storage
2.
chip
3. registers
4. ALU
5. bus
6.
control unit
7. machine language
8. binary system
9. bits
10. computer program
[Ex 4]
1. configuration
2. converts
3. data buses
4.
characters
5. decodes
6.
synchronize
7. circuitry
8. internal clock
[
Ex. 5
]
Bus Systems
Supporting Multiple Peripherals
As
the
number
of
potential
peripherals
grew,
using
an
expansion
card
for
every
peripheral
became
increasingly
impossible.
This
has
led
to
the
introduction
of
bus
systems
designed
specifically
to
support
multiple
peripherals.
Common
examples
are
the
SATA
ports
in
modern
computers,
which
allow
a
number
of
hard
drives
to
be
connected
without
the
need
for
a
card.
However, these high-performance systems
are generally
too expensive to
implement in low-end
devices, like a
mouse. This has led to the parallel development of
a number of low-performance
bus systems
for these solutions, the most common example being
Universal Serial Bus. All such
examples
may be referred to as peripheral buses, although
this terminology is not universal.
Notes:
1. Serial
ATA (SATA) is a computer bus interface for
connecting host bus adapters to mass storage
devices such as hard disk drives and
optical drives.
2. Universal Serial Bus
USB
支持多种外接设备的总线系统
随着外
接设备数量的不断增加，
想用扩展卡来应付每一种外围设备越来越不现实了，
这
就产生了设计专门支持多种外接设备的总线系统。通常的例子就是现代计
算机上的
SATA
接
口，
这就允许很多硬盘驱动器不需要卡就可以同计算机连接起来。
但是把这些高性
能系统用
于低端设备，
如鼠标等就很不合算。
< br>这就导致同时开发很多低性能的总线系统解决方案，
最
常
见的例子就是
UBS
接口。
所有这些例
子都可以称作外接设备总线，
尽管这个术语还没有普
遍通用。<
/p>
[Ex 6]
1. T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. T
6. F
7. T
8. T
9. T
10 F
Unit 4
[Ex 1]
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. F
6. T
7. F
8. T
9. T
10. T
11. F
12. T
13. F
14. T
15.
T
16. F
17. F
18. T
19. F
20. T
21. F
22. T
23. F
24. T
25. F
[Ex 2]
1. main memory
2. RAM
3.
diskettes/floppy disks;
hard disks
4. chips
5. parity
6.
expanded, extended
7.
monochrome
8. cache
9. ROM
10. updated
[Ex
3]
A.
1. B
2. E
3. C
4. J
5. I
6. H
7. A
8. F
9. G
10 D
B.
1. secondary
storage
2. buffer
3. access
4. code
5.
diskette
6. slots
7. terminals
8. motherboard
9. bytes
10.
screen
[Ex 4]
1.
desktop
2. software
3. animation
4. transferred
5. sophisticated
6. compatible
7. cache
8. upgrade
[Ex 5]
USB flash drive
A
USB flash drive
is a data storage device that includes flash
memory with an integrated
Universal
Serial Bus (USB) interface. USB flash drives are
typically removable and rewritable,
and
physically much smaller than a floppy disk. Most
weigh less than 30 g. As of September 2011,
drives
of
up
to
256
gigabytes
(GB)
are available.
Storage
capacities
as
large
as
2
terabytes
are
planned,
with
steady
improvements
in
size
and
price
per
capacity
expected.
Some
allow
up
to
100,000 write/erase
cycles, depending on the exact type of memory chip
used, and a 10 year shelf
storage time.
USB flash drives are often
used for the same purposes for which floppy disks
or CD-ROMs
were used, i.e., for
storage, back-up and transfer of computer files.
They are smaller, faster, have
thousands of times more capacity, and
are more durable and reliable because they have no
moving
parts.
Until about
2005, most desktop and laptop computers were
supplied with floppy disk drives,
but
floppy disk drives have been abandoned in favor of
USB ports.
Notes
GB:
gigabyte
吉字节
10
9
字节；
terabyte TB <
/p>
太字节，
10
12
字节
USB
闪驱
USB
闪驱是一种数据存储设备，它包含带有一个集成的通用串行总线（
USB
）接口
。
USB
闪驱通常可以移动并可以重写，
其尺寸要比
软盘小得多，
大多数的重量不到
30
克
。
从
2011
年
9
月始，市场就出现
256 GB
的
U
盘。
2
太字
节的
U
盘在筹划之中，估计
U
盘大小会更加合理，
价格也更合适。
有的
U
盘允许写
/
擦
10
万个循环，
这取决于存储芯片的型号，
储存寿命可以达
到
10
年时间。
USB
闪驱与软盘或
CD-ROM
的目的相同，
就是为了计算机文件的存储、
备份和转移。
因
为它们没有移动部件，
所以体积更小，
速度更快，
拥有数千倍的容量，
更加持久可靠。
到
2005
年
，大部分台式和膝上电脑还都配备软驱，但是软驱因为
USB
插
口而被淘汰。
[
Ex. 6
] 1. T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. F
10. F
11. T
12. T
13. T
14. F
15. T
16. F
17. T
18. T
19. F
20. T
21. T
22. T
Unit 5
[Ex 1]
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
6. F
7. F
8. T
9. T
10. T
11. F
12. T
13. F
14. F
15. T
16. T
17. F
18. T
19. F
20. F
21. T
22. T
23. T
[Ex 2]
1. mail,
courier
2. hub, star
3. Local Area Network
4. packets
5. Ethernet
6.
kilobits
per
second,
megabits
per
second,
gigabits
per
second
7.
circuit
switching
8. reassembled
9. Internet Protocol,
Transmission Control Protocol
10.
datagram
11. frames
12. binary, decimal
[Ex 3]
A.
1.
C
2. E
3. B
4. F
5. A
6. D
7. H
8. G
B.
1. hub
2. zipped
3. decimal
4. frame
5. binary number
6. Internet
7. packet
8. bandwidth
[Ex
4]
1. forwarded
2. reassembled
3. are encapsulated
4. cables
5.
bursty
6. submit
7. are
retransmitted
8. protocol
[Ex 5]
1. E
2. A
3. C
4. F
5. B
6. D
7. H
8. G
[Ex 6]
1.
有意为技术服务人员留下的
2.
抛弃、丢失或毁灭的数据都进入到数据接受器中
3.
远远不能覆盖绝大多数嫌疑人
4.
真正奇才所掌握的技术
5.
文件和程序
6.
1.
系统详情、扩展其性能
5.
敏感信息的人
7.
滞缓的特性和控制开发的复杂性
8.
非常巧妙的权宜之计，旨在解决很棘手的问题
9.
不能有效与他人沟通的人
10.
一个程序、数据结构或全部程序的
11.
交叉指向不合适的新闻组
12.
打免费长途电话了；通信网络，但不单指通信网络
13.
眼睛疲劳
14.
无关紧要或令人讨厌的琐碎问题
15.
不会有人发现这些漏洞的，或发现了也不会利用
16.
受人雇佣，为测试系统的安全性而攻入某个地方
17.
那种使用许多
GOTO
、例外或另外的“非结构的”分支构造
18.
不能定期运行适当的抑制程序
19.
某种非常友好程序的
20.
远在没有正式发行之前
21.
该技术也许不能发挥作用。如
果不能用，程序员也永远不知道为什么
22.
Suns
< br>机上使用
L1-A
；某些
Mac
机使用
!
23.
完全丧失功能了；计算机想做某事但不能进行下去了
24.
人的神经系统，与计算机的硬件或软件相对；系统的硬件或软件
25.
那种在紧急状况下能迅速发现并解决问题
26.
思想排外
/
思想保守
Unit 6
[Ex 1]
1. F
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. T
6. F
7. F
8. T
9. T
10. F
11. F
12. F
13. T
14. F
[Ex 2]
1. compatible
2. hardcopy
3.
terminal, monitor
4. inked ribbon
5. line
6. Thermal
7. Monochrome
8. liquid crystal display
[Ex 3]
A.
1.
G
2. B
3. I
4. F
5. D
6. H
7. C
8. E
9. J
10. A
B.
1. printers
2. hard copy
3. CRT
4.
hardware
5. pixel
6. output
7.
software
8. Line printers
9. plotters
10. graphics
[Ex 4]
1.
are attached
2.
compatible
3. flexible
4. mechanism
5. perform
6.
rotate
7.
transfer
8.
video
[Ex 5]
Electroluminescent
Display
（电致发光显示器）
A type of flat-panel
display
（
平板显示）
that
uses the property of electroluminescence, whereby
a phosphor will emit photons of
radiation
（光子辐射）
when placed
in an electric field
（电场）
.
The
phosphor is incorporated in a thin
coating on the screen; an additional coating can
produce full color.
Electroluminescent
screens are used in some large-screen displays,
such as airport announcement
boards.
Nowadays electroluminescent screens are mainly
used for small displays in control panels
and domestic equipment.
电致发光显示器
这是一种平板显示器
。
把荧光粉放置在电场之中就能发射光子辐射，
这就是平板显示
器
使用的电致发光性能。
屏幕上有薄薄的荧光粉涂层，
这个添加涂层能产生全彩。
电致发光屏
幕用于某
些巨大的显示屏上，
例如机场通告板。
如今电致显示屏主要用于
控制板和家庭设施
的小型显示器上。
[Ex. 6]
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. F
7. F
8. T
9. F
10. T
11. F
12. T
13. F
14.
T
15.
F
16.
T
17.
T
18.
T
19.
T
20.
F
21.
T
22.
F
23.
T
24.
T
25. T
Unit 7
[Ex
1]
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. F
6. F
7. T
8. T
9. F
10. F
11. F
12. T
13. F
14.T
15. T
16. F
17. T
18. T
19. F
20. F
[Ex 2]
1. printers, plotters
2. graphics
3. pins
4. pages
per minute
5. dots per inch
6.
lines per minute
7. non-
impact
8. carbon
[Ex 3]
A.
1.
D
2. F
3. B
4. A
5. G
6. E
7. C
8. H
B.
1. print wheel
2. Microcomputers
3. ink jet printer
4. network
5.
noise
6. output device
7. desktop publishing
8. dot-matrix printers
[Ex 4]
1. installations
2. categorized
3. image
4.
ribbon
5. monochrome
6.
physical
7. referred to
8. dot
[Ex 5]
Digital Technology of Copy
Machine
There is an increasing trend
for new photocopiers to adopt digital technology,
thus replacing
the older analog
technology. With digital copying, the copier
effectively consists of an integrated
scanner
and
laser
printer.
This
design
has
several
advantages,
such
as
automatic
image
quality
enhancement
and
the
ability
to
jobs
(that
is,
to
scan
page
images
independently
of
the
process of printing
them). Some digital copiers can function as high-
speed scanners; such models
typically
offer the ability to send documents via email or
to make them available on file servers.
A great advantage of digital copier
technology is
when copying a set of 20
pages 20 times, a digital copier scans each page
only once, then uses the
stored
information to produce 20 sets.
In an
analog copier, either each page is scanned 20
times (a
total of 400 scans), making
one set at a time, or 20 separate output trays are
used for the 20 sets.
Notes
:
scanner
扫描仪
collation [k
??
lei
?
(
?
)n] n.
校勘，核对
tray
托盘，文件盘
复印机的数字技术
新的复印机越来越
趋向于采用数字技术替代老的模拟技术。
数字复印机有效地把扫描仪
和激光打印机整合在一起，
这种设计拥有数个优势，
譬如自
动图形质量提高，
自动工作的能
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