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§
571.108 Standard
No. 108; Lamps, reflective devices, and associated
equipment.
（灯
具，反射装置和辅助设备）
S1. Scope. This standard
specifies requirements for original and
replacement lamps,
reflective devices,
and associated equipment.
（适用范围：该标准规定了原始
灯具、
替代灯具、反射装置和辅助设备应该满足的要求。
）
S2. Purpose. The purpose of
this standard is to reduce traffic accidents and
deaths and
injuries
resulting
from
traffic
accidents,
by
providing
adequate
illumination
of
the
roadway,
and by enhancing the conspicuity of motor vehicles
on the public roads so
that their
presence is perceived and their signals
understood, both in daylight and in
darkness or other conditions of reduced
visibility.
（目的：在白天、夜晚或其他可见
度较
低的情况下，
通过适度的道路照明和增加公共道路上机动车辆的显著性，
来
减少交通事故的发生。
）
S3. Application. This standard applies
to:
（该标准适用于：
）
(a) Passenger cars, multipurpose
passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, trailers(except
pole
trailers and trailer converter
dollies), and motorcycles;
（乘用车、
MPV
、卡车、公
共汽车、挂车（吊车和变扭矩娃娃挂
车除外）和摩托车；
）
(b)
Retroreflective
sheeting
and
reflex reflectors manufactured to conform to S5.7
of
this standard; and
（符合该标准<
/p>
5.7
部分的回复反射板和回复反射器；和）
(c)
Lamps,
reflective
devices,
and
associated
equipment
for
replacement
of
like
equipment on vehicles
to which this standard applies.
（灯具、回复反射
设备和用于
替代车辆上类似设备的辅助设备。
）
S4. Definitions.
Aiming Reference Plane means a plane
which is perpendicular to the longitudinal
axis of the vehicle and tangent to the
forwardmost aiming pad
on
the headlamp.
（
目标
参
考平面指与车辆纵向轴线垂直并且与前大灯的最前面目标板相切的一个平面。
）
Beam
contributor
means
an
indivisible
optical
assembly
including
a
lens,
reflector,
and
light
source,
that
is
part
of
an
integral
beam
headlighting
system
and
contributes only a portion of a
headlamp beam.
（
发光物指的是一个不可分割的
光学
设备，包括透镜、反射器和光源，它是完整光束前大灯系统的一部分，并且只提
供前大灯光束的一部分光束。
）
Cargo lamp is a lamp that is mounted on
a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck,
or bus for the purpose of providing
illumination to load or unload cargo.
（<
/p>
货运灯具指
挂载在多功能乘用车、卡车或公共汽车上，用于提供装
卸货物照明的灯具。
）
Cutoff
means a generally horizontal, visual/optical
aiming cue in the lower beam
that marks a separation between areas
of higher and lower luminance.
（
< br>明暗截止线指
标记高亮度照明和低亮度照明分开的一个水平的、可见的基准。
）
Direct
reading
indicator
means
a
device
that
is
mounted
in
its
entirety
on
a
headlamp or
headlamp aiming
or headlamp
mounting equipment, is part of a VHAD,
and provides information about headlamp
aim in an analog or digital format.
（直读指
示器是指一个整体挂载到前大灯或前大灯校准设备或前大灯所挂载设备上的一
个设备，它是
VHAD
的一部分，通过模拟或数字
的形式提供关于前大灯校准的
信息。
）
Effective projected luminous lens area
means that area of the projection on a
plane perpendicular to the lamp axis
of that portion of the light-emitting
surface that
directs light to the
photometric test pattern, and does not include
mounting hole
bosses, reflex reflector
area, beads or rims that may glow or produce small
areas of
increased intensity as a
result of uncon
trolled light from small
areas (1?2deg.
radius
around
the test point).
（有效投影光透镜区域指投影在垂直于灯轴平面上的
区
域。
。
。
。
）
Filament means that part
of the light source or light emitting element(s),
such as a
resistive element, the
excited portion of a specific mixture of gases
under pressure, or
any part of other
energy conversion sources, that generates radiant
energy which can
be
seen.
（灯丝是能产生视觉上可见的热辐射能量的光源或发光单元（比如：电
阻元件、
气体混合物中的激发部分或其他能够进行能量转换的任何部分）
的组成
部分）
Flash
means a cycle of activation and deactivation of a
lamp by automatic means
continuing
until stopped either automatically or manually.
（闪烁指的是一个灯具自
动激活和失效的一个循环周期，
并将保持持续闪烁直到通过自动地或手动的方式
将其关闭。
< br>）
Fully opened
means
the position of the
headlamp concealment
device in
which
the headlamp is in the
design open operating position.
（完全打开位置指
可使前大灯
处于打开操作位置的前大灯可隐藏设备的位置。
）<
/p>
Headlamp
concealment
device
means
a
device,
with
its
operating
system
and
components,
that
provides
concealment
of
the
headlamp
when
it
is
not
in
use,
including
a movable headlamp cover and a headlamp that
displaces for concealment
purposes.
（前大灯可隐藏设备指在不使用时，可以通过移动前大灯罩盖或前大灯
将
前大灯隐藏起来的灯具。它具有自己的操作系统和组件。
）
Headlamp
test
fixture
means
a
device
designed
to
support
a
headlamp
or
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