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语态变换法
这里说的语态是指主动语态和被动语态。
这两种语态在英汉两种语言
中的使
用情况是很不相同的：英语大量使用被动语态，而汉语则很少使用，即便使用，<
/p>
也不像英语那样有固定或比较统一的构成形式。
譬如说，
汉语的被动不是只用一
个
“被”
字表示。
因此在英汉互译中，
要经常变换语态，
以使译文符合习惯用法，
显得地道而自然。试看译例：
1
．
The coming
physics examination is said to be rather
difficult
，
so we must get
well
prepared for
it
．
即将举行的物理考试据说相当困难
，所以我们必须做好充分准备。
2
．
If
bad
weather
is
expected,
the
forecaster
must
be
able
to
suggest
another
airport
within
the
range
of
the
aircraft
where
the
weather
will
be
suitable
for
landing
．
如果预计天气恶劣，
天气预报人员必须能够在该飞机航程内提出另一
个天气
适合着陆的机场。
3
．
How
can
a
series
of
motionless
，
or
still
，
pictures
be
blended
on
a
screen
to
produce motion pictures?
一组不
动的即静止的图片是怎样在银幕上连到一起合成电影的呢？
4
．
Such liquid
fuel rockets as are now being used for space
research have to carry
their own supply
of oxygen
．
像现在用于宇宙研究的这类液态燃料火箭，必须自己携带氧气。
5
．
How
long
will
it
be
before
black
and
white
television
sets
are
found
only
in
museums
？
还要过多久黑白电视机才会被送进博物馆呢
?
6
．
The
oil
of
the
world
will
have
been
used
up
，
and
man
will
be
using
the
more
convenient power obtained from the
splitting of the atom
．
全世界的石油将会用尽，人们将使
用从原子分裂获得的这种更为方便的动力。
7
．
In
order
to
do
research
in
nuclear
physics,
the
young
teachers
are
required
to
complete a two-year graduate
course
．
为了能进行核物理方面的研究，要求这些青年教师读完两年研
究生课程。
8
．
A national
link-up of computers could mean that a large
amount of information will
be supplied
to anyone who uses the
system
．
把全国的电脑连接起来意味着可以向任何使用该系统的人提供
大量信息。
9
．
Since the first
test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt the
atom can be split
and its power can be
used
．
自从第一颗原子弹试验以来，全世界都已知道，原子可分裂，
原子能可利用。
10
．
Goodyear
，
an
American
，
had been trying for
years to find a way in which rubber
could be made
hard
，
non-
sticky
，
and yet
elastic
．
有一个叫古德伊尔的美国人一直在努力寻找一种方法把橡胶做
得硬而不粘，
但
是却有弹性。
11
．
There
are
some
radioactive
isotopes
which
are
produced
artificially
by
bombardment of nuclei
with neutrons
．
有几种放射性同位素是通过中子轰击原子核而产生出来的。
12
．
The expansion
of metals on heating must be taken into
consideration before a long
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