-
2013
年
3
月
31
日专题八初中英语连词讲解及练习
并列连词
第一类表示并列关系的连词
1)and
(
错
) They sat down
and talk about something.
(
错
) They started
to dance and sang.
(
错
) I saw two men
sitting behind and whisper there.
(
对
) They sat down
and talked about something.
(
对
) They started
to dance and sing.
(
对
)I saw two men
sitting behind and whispering there.
注意
:A and B
当表示整体或者指同一人时谓语动词用单数
,
当
and
连接的单
数名词前分
别有
each,every,many
等词修饰时
,
谓语也用单数。
bread and butter a knife and fork
The mother and teacher is
very strict with her son.
No teacher and no student is allowed to
smoke in class.
and
连接的是两个相同意思的词
,
表示“渐渐”,或加强语
气
Read it again
and again
2)both
…and
两者都
She plays (both) the piano and the
guitar.
3) neither…nor 意思为
既不……也不……
,
< br>与
nor
后的词保持一致。
Neither you nor he is to
blame.
4)not only…but
(also)不但······而且······
She plays not only the piano, but
(also) the guitar.
注意:not
only…but also 关联两个分句时
,
一个分句因有
否定词
not
而必
须倒装。
Not only does he like
reading stories, but also he can even write
some.
5) as
well as
以及
,
也
,
与···同样
The teacher, as well as the students,
is interested in the activity.
第二类表示选择关系的连词
1) or
意思为
或则
。
Which do you prefer, tea,
coffee, or juice ?
比较
and
和
or
1)
并列结构中
,or
通常用于否定句
,and
用于肯定句。
2)
但有时
and
也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点
:
There is no air or water in
the moon.
There is no air
and no water on the moon.
在否定中并列结构用
or
连接
,
但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结
构
,
因此要用
and
。
---I
don't like chicken ___ fish.
---I don't like chicken, ___ I like
fish very much.
A. and;and
B. and;but
C. or;but
D.
or;and
We will die without
air and water. We can't live without air or
water.
We will
die without air or water. We can't live without
air and
water.
第
1
页共
1
页
2)
either…or
意思为
或者……或
者……
Either you
or I am right.
3) or, or
else/ otherwise
否则
Be silent, or else you will
be kicked out.
I am tired,
otherwise, I would play.
(6)prefer to…rather
than…与
prefer…to…的区别:prefer to…rather
than…后面都是用动词原形,prefer…to…都是用动名词或名词。如
:I prefer
English to
Japanese.(
与日语相比我更喜欢英语
)/ I
prefer to learn English
rather than
learn Japanese.
(
与日语相比我更喜欢学英语
)
第三类表示转折或对比关系的连词
1)but
但是
He is
rich but unhappy.
while
然而
,
表示对比意味
Some people love cats, while others hate
them.
yet
然而
She said she would be
late, yet she arrived on time.
however
然而
,
可是
,
不过
She
does not like him, however, I like him.
2)
not…but…意思为
不是……而是……
not
和
but
后面的用词要遵循一致原则。
They were not the bones of an animal,
but (the bones) of a human
being.
--- Would you like to come
to dinner tonight?
--- I'd
like to, ___ I'm too busy.
A. and
B. so
C. as
D. but
第四类表因果关系的连词
1)for
因为
,
< br>做并列连词用时
,
是在对先行的句子补述原因或者理由<
/p>
,
只可以连
接句子与句子
,
通常不置于句
首。
He is absent today, for he is ill.
2) so, therefore
因此
He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in
the game. I think,
therefore I am
3)then
那么
,
因而
Hide behind the wall, then
they won’t see you.
注意
:
a.
两个并列连词不能连用
,
但
therefore, then,
yet.
可以和并列连词连
用。
You can watch TV, and or
you can go to bed.
He hurt
his leg, and so / and therefore he couldn't play
in the
game.
b.
although…yet…,但
although
不与
but
连用。
(
错
)Although he
was weak, but he tried his best to do the work..
(
对
)Although he
was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work.
从属连词
从属连词只能用来引导从句
,
而不能引导词或者词组。从属连词一般可以引导
名词性从句和状语从句
。
第一类引导名词性从句的从属连词
1)that
引导宾语从句或间接引语时
,
可省略。引导主语从句时不可以省略。
He said (that) he would
come.
宾语从句
His mother told me (that) he is a good
boy.
间接引语
That she is still alive is true.
主语从句
2)if/whether
是否
I wonder if he is at home.
I ask him whether he would come.
注意
:
只可以用
whe
ther
的情况
1.
介词后面
It will
depend on whether it rains tomorrow.
2. whether···or not 固定搭配
Let
me know whether you come or not.
3.
动词不定式前
I don’t
know whether to accept his advice.
第二类引导状语从句的从属连词
1)
连接时间状语从句的从属连词
before
在···之前
The war had been over
before he came to China.
after
在···之后
He
came to China after the war was over.
since
自从
I have
lived in this city since I was born.
when/while
当···The teacher
entered the classroom, when all the
students were playing
When I came into this room, I found him
lying bed asleep
(while
后
接的动
词是延续性的动词
)
as
当···I saw her
as I was getting on the bus.
till/until
直到
I didn’t go to sleep
until/till I finished my
homework.
as soon as
一···就···As soon as he saw the
policeman, the
thief run away.
2)
连接地点状语从句的从属连词
where
在哪里
There were lots of parks
where I lived.
3)
连接原因状语从句的从属连词
because
原因
,
用于解释某事的原因
,
动
机
,
强调直接原因和因果关系
I do
it
because I like it.
for
表因为
,
表间接的原因
,
用于说明
,
解释
I soon went to sleep, for I
was tired
since
表原因
,
比
b
ecause
弱
,
比
< br>as
强
,
表一种已知的
,
显然的理由
,
常译为
“既然
as
表原因时
,
意义最弱
As you are in poor
health, you should do more
exercises
4)
连接结果状语从句的从属连词
so···that···如此···以至于···He
is
so kind that
everybody likes him.
such···that···He is such a
kind man that everybody likes him
5)
连接目的状语从句的从属连词
that / so that / in order
that
为了
Speak clearly that/so that/ in order
that they may understand you.
6)
连接条件状语从句的从属连词
if
如果
If it
rains
tomorrow, we won’t go on a picnic.
unless
除非
(
如果不
) He will come
unless it rains.
in case
万一
You may call this number
in case I am not at home
7)
连接比较状语从句的从属连词
than
比
It’s easier than I thought.
as/so···as···和···一样
She is as
tall as you.
He is not
as/so tall as his wife.
8)
连接方式状语从句的从属连词
as
按照
Do as I told you.
Take things as they are.
as if / though
仿佛
He behaves as if/though he
was a child.
9)
引导让步状语从句的从属连词
although/though
尽管
Although Japan is small,
the population is big.
even if
即便
Even if
it was snowing heavily, we went on running.
【基础练习】
(
一
)
根据句意选用
and, but, or, so, while,
for
填空。
1. The ground is wet, _________ it
rained last night.
2. It's
a fine day today, _________ everyone is busy.
3. This is our first
lesson, _________ I don't know all your names.
4. Take an umbrella with
you, _________ you'll get wet.
5. Do you understand what I said
_________ do you want me to
explain it
again?
6. We have classes
in the morning, _________ we don't have classes
in the afternoon.
7. She is a doctor _________ I am a
teacher.
8. Use your head,
_________ you'll find a way.
9. They went to the zoo yesterday,
_________ they didn't see any
animals.
10. I must go now,
_________ it's getting dark.
< br>(
二
)
选择最佳答案
:
( ) 1 My aunt asks
whether I like a woolen sweater ______ a cotton
one.
A. but
B. or
C. and
D. not
( ) 2 Either Mary ______
Lucy told him to come to see us.
A. or
B. and