2014全国卷新课标1英语真题及答案

45

分）

阅读下 列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（

A

、

B

、

C

、和

D

）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

A

The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

The

Cambridge

Science

Festival

(CSF)

is

pleased

to

inform

you

of

the

sixth

annual

Curiosity

Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create

artwork

or

a

piece

of writing

that

shows

their

curiosity

and

how

it

inspires

them

to

explore

their

world.

Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that

shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be

sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday,

February 8th.

Students

who

enter the Curiosity

Challenge

and

are

selected

as

winners will

be

honored

at

a

special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21

st

. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the

students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will

be

given.

Families

of

those

who

take

part

will

be

included

in

the

celebration

and

brunch

will

be

served.

Between

March

10

th

and

March

15th,

each

winner

will

be

given

the

specifics

of

the

closing

ceremony

and

the

Curiosity

Challenge

celebration.

The

program

guidelines

and

other

related

information are available at: .

【

21

】

Who can take in the Curiosity Challenge?

A. School students.

B. Cambridge locals.

C. CSF winners.

D. MIT artists.

【

22

】

When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?

A. On February 8th.

B. On March 10

th

C. On March 15th.

D. On April 21st.

【

23

】

What type of writing is this text?

A. An exhibition guide.

B. An art show review.

C. An announcement.

D. An official report.

B

Passenger pigeons

（旅鸽）

once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.

Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks

（群）

so large that they darkened

the sky for hours.

历年全国高考试题

/gaokaoshiti

中国校长网教学资源频道

It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion

passenger pigeons

–

a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United

States,

making

it

perhaps

the

most

abundant

birds

in

the

world.

Even

as

late

as

1870

when

their

numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515

kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.

Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were

abundant,

people

believed

there

was

an

ever-lasting

supply

and

killed

them

by

the

thousands.

Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to

feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large

cities and sold in restaurants.

By

the

closing

decades

of

the

19

th

century,

the

hardwood

forests

where

passenger

pigeons

nested

had

been

damaged

by

Americans’

need

for

wood,

which

sc

attered

（驱散）

the

flocks

and

forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their

decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.

In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by

then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the

United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under

human

care.

The

last

of

them,

known

affectionately

as

Martha,

died

at

the

Cincinnati

Zoological

Garden in September 1, 1914.

【

24

】

In the 18

th

and early 19

th

centuries, passenger pigeons _______.

A. were the biggest bird in the world

B. lived mainly in the south of America

C. did great harm to the natural environment

D. Were the largest population in the US

【

25

】

The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ _______.

A. escape

B. ruin

C. liberation

D. evolution

【

26< /p>

】

What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?

A. To seek pleasure.

B. To save other birds.

C. To make money.

D. To protect crops.

【

27

】

What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?

A. It was ignored by the public.

B. It was declared too late.

C. It was unfair.

D. It was strict.

C

A

typical

lion

tamer

(

驯兽师

)

in

people’s

mind

is

an

entertainer

holding

a

whip

(

鞭子

)and

a

chair .The whip get all of the attention , but it’s mostly for show .In reality , it’s the chair that does the

important work .When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face , the lion tries to focus on

all four legs of the chair at the same time .With its focus divided , the lion becomes confused and is

unsure about what to do next .When faced with so many options , the lion chooses to freeze and

wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

How

often

do

you

find

yourself

in

the

same

position

as

the

lion

?

How

often

do

you

have

something you want to achiever (e,g. lose weight , start a business , travel more )

–

only to end up

confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress ?

This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is

best

,

the

people

who

want

to

improve

their

lives

are

left

confused

by

all

of

the

conflicting

历年全国高考试题

/gaokaoshiti

中国校长网教学资源频道

information .The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong

things

,

and

so

we

take

less

action

,

make

less

progress

,

and

stay

the

same

when

we

could

be

improving .

It

doesn’t

have

to

be

that

way .Anytime

you

find

the

world

waving

a

chair

in

your

face

,

remember this :All you need to do is focus on one thing .You just need to get started .Starting before

you feel ready

is one of the

habits

of successful people .If you

have

somewhere you want

to

go

,

something

you

want

to

accomplish

,

someone

you

want

to

become

….take

immediate

action .If

you’re clear about where you want to go , the rest of the world will either help you get there or get

out the way .

【

28

】

Why does the lion tamer use a chair?

A. To trick the lion. B. To show off his skill . C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience.

【

29

】

In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?

A. They feel puzzled over choices.

B. They hold on to the wrong things.

C. They find it hard to make changes.

D. They have to do something for show.

【

30

】

What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in paragraph 3?

A. Tolerant

B. Doubtful

C. Respectful

D. Supportive

【

31

】

When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to_____.

for a better chance

your old habits

C. make a quick decision

D. ask for clear guidance

D

As

more

and

more

people

speak

the

global

languages

of

English,

Chinese,

Spanish,

and

Arabic,

other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around

the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational,

Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

In

an

effort

to

prevent

language

loss,

scholars

from

a

number

of

organizations-

UNESCO

and

National Geographic among them

–

have for many years been documenting dying languages and the

cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages

and

oral

traditions

of

the

Himalayas,

is

following

in

that

tradition.

His

recently

published

book,

A

Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture

, grows

out of his experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting

the

Tangmi

language

and

culture

is

just

a

starting

point

for

Turin,

who

seeks

to

include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan,

and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.

At

the

University

of

Cambridge

Turin

discovered

a

wealth

of

important

materials-

including

photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes- which had remained unstudied and were badly in

need of care and protection.

Now,

through

the

two

organizations

that

he

has

founded- the

Digital

Himalaya

Project

and

the

World

Oral

Literature

Project-

Turin

has

started

a

campaign

to

make

such

documents,

found

in

libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the youngers.

Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally to digital

technology

and

the

widely

available

Internet.

Turin

notes,the

endangered

languages

can

be

saved

历年全国高考试题

/gaokaoshiti

中国校长网教学资源频道

and reconnected with speech communities.

【

32

】

Many scholars are making efforts to _____.

e global languages

B . rescue the disappearing languages

for language communities

up languages research organizations.

【

33< /p>

】

What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

first records of the languages

g books on language searching

g stories about language users

g with the native speakers

【

34

】

What is Turin’s book based on?

cultural statics in India.

documents available at Yale.

language research in Britain

personal experience in Nepal.

【

< br>35

】

Which of the following best describe Turin’s

Work?

sell and donate.

,repeat and reward.

t,protect and reconnect.

, experiment and report.

第二节

（共

3

小题，每小题

3

分，满分