2014英语全国卷1--含答案

2014

年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

(< /p>

全国卷Ⅰ

)

(

时间：

120

分钟

< br>满分：

150

分

)

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷

(

选择题

)

和第Ⅱ 卷

(

非选择题

)

两部分。

第

Ⅰ

卷

第一部分

听力

(

共两节，满分

30

分

)(

见专题十四

)

第二部分

阅读理解

< br>(

共两节，满分

40

分

)

第一节

(

共

15

小题；每小题

2

分，满分

30

分

)

< br>阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项

(A

、

、

C

和

D)

中，选出最佳选项。

A

The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual

Curiosity

challenge

invites

，

even

dares

school

students

between

the

ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and

how it inspires them to explore their world.

Students are being dared to draw a picture

，

write an article

，

take a photo or write a

poem that shows what they are curious enter the challenge

，

all artwork or

pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival

，

MIT Museum

，

265 Mass Avenue

，

Cambridge 02139 by Friday

，

February 8th.

Students

who

enter

the

Curiosity

Challenge

and

are

selected

as

winners

will

be

honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday

，

April speakers

will

also

present

prizes

to

the

g

entries

will

be

published

in

a

t entries will be exhibited and prizes will be es of those who

take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.

Between March 10th and March 15th

，

each winner will be given the specifics of the

closing

ceremony

and

the

Curiosity

Challenge

program

guidelines

and other related information are available at

：

http

：

//.

21

．

Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?

A

．

School students.

B

．

Cambridge locals.

C

．

CSF winners.

D

．

MIT artists.

22

．

When will the prize

－

giving ceremony be held?

A

．

On February 8th.

B

．

On March 10th.

C

．

On March 15th.

D

．

On April 21st.

23

．

What type of writing is this text?

A

．

An exhibition guide.

B

．

An art show review.

C

．

An announcement.

D

．

An official report.

B

Passenger

pigeons(

旅鸽

)once

flew

over

much

of

the

United

States

in

unbelievable

n

accounts

from

the

18th

and

19th

centuries

described

flocks(

群

)so

large that they darkened the sky for hours.

It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point

，

there were more

than 3 billion passenger pigeons

－

a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird

population

in

the

United

States

，

making

it

perhaps

the

most

abundant

bird

in

the

as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller

，

a flock

believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near

Cincinnati.

Sadly

，

the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing

．

Where the

birds

were

most

abundant

，

people

believed

there

was

an

ever

－

lasting

supply

and

killed

them

by

the

cial

hunters

attracted

them

to

small

clearings

with grain

，

waited until pigeons had settled to feed

，

then threw large nets over them

，

taking

hundreds

at

a

birds

were

shipped

to

large

cities

and

sold

in

restaurants.

By the closing decades

of the 19th

century

，

the hardwood forests where passenger

pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood

，

which scattered(

驱

散

)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north

，

where cold temperatures and

spring storms contributed to their the great flocks were gone

，

never to be

seen again.

In

1897

，

the

state

of

Michigan

passed

a

law

prohibiting

the

killing

of

passenger

pigeons

，

but by then

，

no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 last

confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County

，

Ohio

，

in a time

，

a few birds survived under human last of them

，

known

affectionately as Martha

，

died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1

，

1914.

24

．

In the 18th and early 19th centuries

，

passenger pigeons ________

．

A

．

were the biggest bird in the world

B

．

lived mainly in the south of America

C

．

did great harm to the natural environment

D

．

were the largest bird population in the US

25

．

The underlined word“undoing”probably refers to the pigeons’ ________

．

A

．

escape

C

．

liberation

B

．

ruin

D

．

evolution

26

．

What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?

A

．

To seek pleasure.

C

．

To make money.

B

．

To save other birds.

D

．

To protect crops.

27

．

What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?

A

．

It was ignored by the public.

B

．

It was declared too late.

C

．

It was unfair.

D

．

It was strict.

C

A

typical

lion

tamer

(

驯兽师

)

in

people’s

mind

is

an

entertainer

holding

a

whip

(

鞭

)and a whip gets all of the attention

，

but it’s mostly for reality

，

it’s the chair that does the important a lion tamer holds a chair in front of

the

lion’s

face

，

the

lion

tries

to

focus

on

all

four

legs

of

the

chair

at

the

same

its focus divided

，

the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do

faced with so many options

，

the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of

attacking the man holding the chair.

How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion

？

How often do you

have something you want to achieve ( weight

，

start a business

，

travel more )

－

only

to

end

up

confused

by

all

of

the

options

in

front

of

you

and

never

make

progress?

This

upsets

me

to

no

end

because

while

all

the

experts

are

busy

debating

about

which option is best

，

the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by

all of the conflicting end result is that we feel like we can’t fo

cus or

that

we’re

focused

on

the

wrong

things

，

and

so

we

take

less

action

，

make

less

progress

，

and stay the same when we could be improving.

It doesn’t have to be that e you find the world waving a chair in

your

face

，

remember this

：

All you need to do is focus on one just need to get

ng before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful you

have somewhere you want to go

，

something you want to accomplish

，

someone you

want to become...take immediate you’r

e clear about where you want to go

，

the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.

28

．

Why does the lion tamer use a chair?

A

．

To trick the lion.

B

．

To show off his skills.

C

．

To get ready for a fight.

D

．

To entertain the audience.

29

．

In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?

A

．

They feel puzzled over choices.

B

．

They hold on to the wrong things.

C

．

They find it hard to make changes.

D

．

They have to do something for show.

30

．

What is the author’s attitude towards the exper

ts mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A

．

Tolerant.

B

．

Doubtful.

C

．

Respectful.

D

．

Supportive.

31

．

When the world is“waving a chair in your face”

，

you’re advised to ________

．

A

．

wait for a better chance

B

．

break your old habits

C

．

make a quick decision

D

．

ask for clear guidance

D

As more and more people speak the global languages of English

，

Chinese

，< /p>

Spanish

，

and Arabic

，

other languages are rapidly fact

，

half of the 6< /p>

，

000

～

7< /p>

，

000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century

，

according to the United Nations Educational

，

S cientific

，

and Cultural Organization

(UNESCO)

．

In

an

effort

to

prevent

language

loss

，

scholars

from

a

number

of

organizations

—

UNESCO

and

National

Geographic

among

them

—

have

for

many

years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin

，

a scientist at the Macmillan Center

，

Yale University

，

who specializes in

the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas

，

is following in that__tradition

．

His

recently

published

book

，

A

Grammar

of

Thangmi

w

ith

an

Ethnolinguistic

Introduction

to

the

Speakers

and

Their

Culture

，

grows out of his experience living

，

working and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin

，

who

seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of

India

，

Nepal

，

B hutan

，

and he is not content to simply record these voices

before they disappear without record.

At

the

University

of

Cambridge

Turin

discovered

a

wealth

of

important

materials

—

including photographs

，

films

，

tape recordings

，

and field notes

—

which had

remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now

，

through

the

two

organizations

that

he

has

founded

—

the

Digital

Himalaya

Project and the World Oral Literature Project

—

Turin has started a campaign to make

such documents

，

found in libraries and stores around the world

，

available not just to

scholars

but

to

the

younger

generations

of

communities

from

whom

the

materials

were

originally

to

digital

technology

and

the

widely

available

Internet

，

Turin notes

，

the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with

speech communities.

32

．

Many scholars are making efforts to ________

．

A

．

promote global languages

B

．

rescue disappearing languages

C

．

search for language communities

D

．

set up language research organizations

33

．

What does“that tradition”in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A

．

Having full records of the languages.

B

．

Writing books on language teaching.

C

．

Telling stories about language users.

D

．

Living with the native speakers.

34

．

What is Turin’s book based on?

A

．

The cultural studies in India.

B

．

The documents available at Yale.

C

．

His language research in Bhutan.

D

．

His personal experience in Nepal.

35

．

Which of the following best describe

s Turin’s

work?

A

．

Write

，

< br>sell and donate.

B

．

Record

，

repair and reward.

C

．

Collect

，

protect and reconnect.