2014高考新课标1全国卷英语试题和答案解析

、

B

、

C

和

D

）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题

卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity

Challenge.

The

challenge

invites, even dares

school

students

between

the

ages

of 5

and 14

to

create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore

their world.

Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem

that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing

should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Cambridge

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02139 by Friday, February 8

th

.

Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a

special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21

st

. Guest speakers will also present prizes to

the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibited and

prizes

will

be

given.

Families

of

those

who

take

part

will

be

included

in

the

celebration

and

brunch will be served.

Between March 10

th

and March 15

th

, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing

ceremony

and

the

Curiosity

Challenge

celebration.

The

program

guidelines

and

other

related

information are available at: .

21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?

A. School students.

B. Cambridge locals.

C. CSF winners.

D.

MIT

artists.

22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?

A. On February 8

th

.

B. On March 10

th

.

C. On April 21

st

.

D.

On

March 15

th

.

23. What type of writing is this text?

A. An exhibition guide.

B. An art show review.

C. An announcement.

D.

An

official report.

B

Passenger pigeons(

旅鸽

) once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.

Written

accounts

from

the

18

th

and

19

th

centuries

described

flocks(

群

)

so

large

that

they

darkened the sky for hours.

It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3

billion passenger pigeons

–

a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the

United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when

their

numbers

had

already

become

smaller,

a

flock

believed

to

be

1

mile

wide

and

320

miles

(about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.

Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds

were most abundant, people believed there was an ever- lasting supply and killed them by the

thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons

had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were

shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.

By the closing decades of the 19

th

century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons

nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered (

驱散

) the flocks and

forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to

their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.

In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but

by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon

in

the

United

States

was

shot

by

a

boy

in

Pike

County,

Ohio,

in

1900.

For

a

time,

a

few

birds

survived

under

human

care.

The

last

of

them,

known

affectionately

as

Martha,

died

at

the

Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914.

24. In the 18

th

and early 19

th

centuries, passenger pigeons _______.

A. were the biggest bird in the world

B. lived mainly in the south of America

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C. did great harm to the natural environment

D. were the largest bird population in the US

25. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ ______.

A. escape

B. ruin

C. liberation

evolution

26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?

A. To seek pleasure.

B. To save other birds.

C. To make money.

protect crops.

27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?

A. It was ignored by the public.

B. It was declared too late.

C. It was unfair.

D. It was strict.

C

D.

D.

To

A typical lion tamer (

驯兽师

) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (

鞭

) and a

chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does

the important work. When a lion tamer hol

ds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to

focus

on

all

four

legs

of

the

chair

at

the

same

time.

With

its

focus

divided,

the

lion

becomes

confused

and

is

unsure

about

what

to

do

next.

When

faced

with

so

many

options,

the

lion

chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have

something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) ---- only to end up

confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?

This

upsets

me

to

no

end

because

while

all

the

experts

are

busy

debating

about

which

option

is

best,

the

people

who

want

to

improve

their

lives

are

left

confused

by

all

of

the

conflicting infor

mation. The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on

the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we

could be improving.

It

doesn’t

have

to

be

that

way.

Anytime

you

find

the

world

w

aving

a

chair

in

your

face,

remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting

before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want

to

go,

something

you

want

to

accompl

ish,

someone

you

want

to

become

…

take

immediate

action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get

there or get out of the way.

28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?

A. To show off his skills.

B. To trick the lion.

C. To get ready for a fight.

D. To entertain the audience.

29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?

A. They feel puzzled over choices.

B. They hold on to the wrong things.

C. They find it hard to make changed.

D. They have to do something for show.

30. What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. Tolerant.

B. Doubtful.

C. Respectful.

D. Supportive.

31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to _______

.

A. wait for a better chance

B. break your old habits

C. make a quick decision

D. ask for clear guidance

D

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As

more

and

more

people

speak

the

global

languages

of

English,

Chinese,

Spanish,

and

Arabic,

other

languages

are

rapidly

disappearing.

In

fact,

half

of

the

6,000

—

7,000

languages

spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United

Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations ---- UNESCO

and

National

Geographic

among

them

----

have

for

many

years

been

documenting

dying

languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark

Turin,

a

scientist

at

the

Macmillan

Center,

Yale

University,

who

specializes

in

the

languages

and

oral

traditions

of

the

Himalayas,

is

following

in

that

tradition.

His

recently

published book,

A grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and

Their

Culture,

grows

out

of

his

experience

living,

working,

and

raising

a

family

in

a

village

in

Nepal.

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks

to

include

other

languages

and

oral

traditions

across

the

Himalayan

reaches

of

India,

Nepal,

Bhutan,

and

China.

But

he

is

not

content

to

simply

record

these

voices

before

they

disappear

without record.

At

the

University

of

Cambridge

Turin

discovered

a

wealth

of

important

materials

----

including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes ---- which had remained unstudied

and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now,

through

the

two

organizations

that

he

has

founded

----

the

Digital

Himalaya

Project

and the World Oral Literature Project ---- Turin has started a campaign to make such documents,

found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger

generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital

technology

and

the

widely

available

Internet,

Turin

notes,

the

endangered

languages

can

be

saved and reconnected with speech communities.

32. Many scholars are making efforts to _____.

A. promote global language

B. rescue disappearing languages

C. search for language communities

D. set up language research organizations

33. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Having full records of the languages.

B. Writing books on language teaching.

C. Telling stories about language users.

D. Living with the native speakers.

34. What is Turin’s book based on?

A. The cultural studies in India.

B. The documents available at Yale.

C. His language research in Bhutan.

D. His personal experience in Nepal.

35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?

A. Write, sell and donate.

B. Record, repair and reward.

C. Design, experiment and report.

D. Collect, protect and reconnect.

第二节

（共

5

小题；每小题

3

分，满分

分）

根据短文内容 ，

从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两 项为多余

选项。

The

jobs

of

the

future

have

not

yet

been

invented.

36

By

helping

them

develop

classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

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