-
A Beautiful Mind
1
．
John Forbes
Nash, Jr.
–
mathematical
genius, inventor of a theory of
rationed behavior, visionary of the
thinking machine
—
had been
sitting with
his
visitor,
also
a
mathematician,
for
nearly
half
an
hour.
It
was
late
on
a
weekday
afternoon
in
the
spring
of
1959,
and,
though
it
was
only
May,
uncomfortably warm. Nash was slumped in
an armchair in one corner of the
hospital lounge, carelessly dressed in
a nylon shirt that hung limply over h
is
unbelted
trousers.
His
powerful frame
was
slack
as
a
rag
doll’s,
his
finely
molded
features
expressionless.
He
had
been
staring
dully
at
a
spot
immediately
in
front
of
the
left
foot
of
Harvard
professor
George
Mackey,
hardly moving except to brush his long
dark hair away from his forehead in a
fitful,
repetitive
motion.
His
visitor
sat
upright,
oppressed
by
the
silence,
acutely
conscious
that
the
doors
to
the
room
were
locked.
Mackey
finally
could
contain
himself
no
longer.
His
voice
was
slightly
querulous,
but
he
strained to be gentle. “How could you,”
began
Mackey, “how could
you, a
mathematician, a man devoted to
reason and logical proof… how could you
believe
that
extraterrestrials
are
sending
you
message?
How
could
you
believe
that you are being recruited by aliens from outer
space to save the
world? How
could you…?”
小约翰
·
福布斯
·
纳
什，数学天才、理性行为理论创立者、预见会思考的
机器出现的预言者，
已经和他的同样是数学家的来访者一起坐了差不多半个小
时
.
那是
1959
年春季一个工作日
的傍晚时分，虽然才是
5
月，天气却很热，
< br>令人不太舒服。
纳什颓然坐在医院会客室一角的扶手椅上，
身上随意穿着的那
件尼龙衬衫，
松松垮垮地盖在他没有系皮带
的长裤上。
他的魁梧身躯现在就像
一个布娃娃一样缺乏活力，<
/p>
他的线条优美细致的五官没有任何表情。
他一直目
1
光呆滞地盯着哈佛教授乔治
·
麦基左脚前方不远的地方，
除了一次次重复着将
垂在前额的略长的黑发拨开的动作，
他几乎一动不动。
麦基正
襟危坐，
被沉默
压得透不过气来，
并且
非常清楚地意识到会客室的所有门都锁上了。
麦基再也
控制不住
自己。
他尽量使语气温和，
但听上去仍有些愠怒。
“
你，
一个数学家，
”
他开始说道，
“
一个致力于研究理性和逻辑
证明的人，怎么能相信外星人正在
给你发送消息呢？怎么能相信你被来自太空的外星人选
中要来拯救世界呢？
怎么能
??”
2
．
Nash looked up
at last and fixed Mackey with an unblinking stare
as
cool and di
spassionate as
that of any bird or snake. “Because,” Nash said
slowly
in
his
soft,
reasonable
southern
drawl,
as
if
talking
to
himself,
“the
ideas I had about supernatural beings
came to me the same way that my
mathematical ideas did. So I took them
seriou
sly.”
纳什终于抬
起头，
用类似某种鸟类或者蛇一样冰冷而不动声色的目光，
紧<
/p>
紧盯着麦基。
“因为，
”他慢慢地回答，
带着温和适度的南方人特有的慢条斯理的
语气，
好像自言自语一
般，
“我的有关超自然生物的想法出现在我的脑海里的方
式，是
和我的数学思想一样的，所以我会认真对待。
”
3
．
The
young
genius
from
Bluefield,
West
V
irginia
—
handsome,
arrogant, and highly
eccentric
—
burst onto the
mathematical scene in 1948.
Over the
next decade, a decade as notable for its supreme
faith in human
rationality
as
for
its
dark
anxieties
about
mankind’s
survival,
Nash
proved
himself,
in
the
words
of
the
eminent
geometer
Mikhail
Gromov,
“the
most
remarkable
mathematicia
n
of
the
second
half
of
the
century”.
Games
of
strategy, economic rivalry, computer
architecture, the shape of the universe,
the
geometry
of
imaginary
spaces,
the
mystery
of
prime
numbers
—
all
2
engaged
his
wide-ranging
imagination.
His
ideas
were
of
the
deep
and
wholly unanticipated kind that pushes
scientific thinking in new directions.
这个来自西弗吉尼亚州布卢菲尔德的年轻天才
——
英俊、
傲慢，
而且非常
古怪
——
在
1948
年闯入数学界。
在接下来的十年，
在那既以对人类理性抱有
无上信念而著称，
又以对人类生存怀有无尽忧虑而闻名的十年，
纳什，
用知名
几何学家米克哈尔
·
格罗莫夫的话说，
证明了自己是
“20
世纪后半叶最杰出的
数学家
”
。策略博弈、经济竞争、计算机建筑学、宇宙的形状、虚构空间的几
何学
、
素数的神秘，
都是他广阔的想象力涉猎的领域。
他的想法属于那种非常
深奥而又完全出人意料的类型，无疑会推动科学思考进
入新的方向。
4
．
Geniuses, the
mathematician Paul Halmos wrote, “are of two
kinds:
the ones who are just like all
of us, but very much more so, and the ones
who, apparently, have an extra human
spark. We can all run, and some of
us
can run the mile in less than 4 minutes; but there
is nothing that most of
us
can
do
that
compares
with
the
creation
of
the
Great
G-
minor
Fugue”.
Nash’s
genius
was
of
that
mysterious
variety
more
often
associated
with
music and
a
rt than with the oldest of all
sciences: It wasn’t merely that his
mind worked faster, that his memory was
more retentive, or that his power of
concentration
was
greater.
The
flashes
of
intuition
were
nonrational.
Like
other great mathematical intuitionist
—
Georg Friedrich Bernhard
Riemann,
Jules Henri Poincare,
Srinivasa Rammanujan
—
Nash
saw the vision first;
constructing the
laborious proofs long afterward. But even after
he’d try to
explain some astonishing
result, the actual route he had taken remained a
mystery
to
others
who
tried
to
follow
his
reasoning.
Donald
Newman,
a
mathematician who knew Nash at MIT in
the 1950s, used to say about him
that
“everyone else would climb a peak by looking for a
path somewhere on
the mountain. Nash
would climb another mountain altogether and from
that
3
distant
peak would shine a searchlight back onto the first
peak”.
数学家保罗
·
哈莫斯写道，天才
“
分为两种：一种就像我们大家一样，只<
/p>
是更为出色；
另一种则是那些明显具备超凡人类灵感的人。
我们都能跑步，
有
些人还能在四分钟内跑完一
英里；
但是我们大多数人所做的一切无论如何也无
法与谱写出Ｇ
小调赋格曲相提并论
”
。纳什的天分就属于那种常与音乐和艺术
而非与最古老的科学紧密相连的神奇异禀。
这不仅仅是指他的头
脑运转更加灵
敏，记忆力更加出众，或是他更能集中精力。事实上，直觉的火花稍纵即逝
，
不能用常理解释。就像其他伟大的数学直觉大师格奥尔格
·<
/p>
费里德里希
·
伯恩
哈德
·
黎曼、朱尔斯
·
亨利
·
庞加莱、斯里尼瓦萨
·
拉马努金一样，纳什先看
到一个结论，
然后才开始构
筑耗费心力的证明过程。
不过，
即便在他尝试解释
某个令人震惊的结论之后，
对于那些企图跟随他的逻辑的人而言，
他所选择的
真正途径却始终是一个谜。
20
世纪
50
年代就在麻省理工学院认识
纳什的唐
纳德
·
纽曼曾经这样描述他
“
其他人通常会在山上寻找攀登顶峰的
道路。纳什
却干脆爬上另外一座山，再反过来从那个遥远的山峰用探照灯照射这座山。<
/p>
”
5
．
No
one
was
more
obsessed
with
originality,
more
disdainful
of
authority,
or
more
jealous
of
his
independence.
As
a
young
man
he
was
surrounded by the high priests of
twentieth-century
science
—
Albert Einstein,
John von Neumann, and Norbert
Wiener
—
but he joined no
school, became
no
one’s
disciple,
got along:
largely
without guides
or followers. In
almost
everything he
did
—
from game theory to
geometry
—
he thumbed his nose
at
the
received
wisdom,
current
fashions,
established
methods.
He
almost
always
worked
alone,
in
his
head,
usually
walking,
often
whistling
Bach.
Nash acquired his knowledge of
mathematics not mainly from studying what
other mathematicians had discovered,
but by rediscovering their truths for
4
himself. Eager to astound,
he was always on the lookout for the really big
problems. When he focused on some new
puzzle, he saw dimensions that
people
who
really
knew
the
subject
(he
never
did)
initially
dismissed
as
na?
ve
or
wrong-headed.
Even
as
a
student,
his
in
difference
to
others’
skepticism, doubt,
and ridicule was awesome.
没有人比纳什更对原创力着迷
、
更蔑视权威、
更珍惜自己的独立性。
早在
青年时代，
他的身边就不乏
20<
/p>
世纪最伟大的科学权威，
比如艾伯特
·<
/p>
爱因斯坦、
约翰
·
冯
·
诺伊曼、
诺伯特
·
维纳，
但是他没有加入任何一个学派，
不是任何人的
门徒，
基本上是在既没有引导者，
也没有跟随者的状况下前进。
在他所做的从
博弈论到几何学等多个学科的几乎所有工作之中，
他对广为接受的知识、
公认
的方式以及根深蒂固的规律都持怀疑态度。
他差不
多一直是独立工作。
通常他
一边散步，
不时用口哨吹出巴赫的作品，
一边进行思考。
纳什掌握的数学知
识，
主要并非来源于学习其他数学家已经取得的成果，
而是自己
重新发现这些成果
中蕴藏的真理。
他迫切希望取得一鸣惊人的成
就，
因此随时准备捕捉真正重大
的问题。
当他全神贯注地思考某个新的难题时，
会留意到那些精通这个领域的
< br>人
（他从来不认为自己已经精通某个领域）
最初认为是幼
稚或错误从而不予考
虑的角度。
即便是在学生时代，
他对旁人的怀疑、
疑虑和嘲笑的漠视就已经到
了令
人畏惧的地步。
6
．
Nash’s faith in
rational
ity and the power of pure
thought was extreme,
even
for
a
very
young
mathematician
and
even
for
the
new
age
of
computers, space travel,
and nuclear weapons. Einstein once chided him for
wishing to amend relativity theory
without studying physics. His heroes were
solitary thinkers and supermen like
Newton and Nietzsche. Computers and
science fiction were his passions. He
considered “thinking machines”, as he
5
called
them,
superior
in
some
ways
to
human
beings.
At
one
point,
he
became
fascinated by the possibility that drugs could
heighten physical and
intellectual
performance.
He
was
beguiled
by
the
idea
of
alien
races
of
hyper-rational begins who had taught
themselves to disregard all emotion.
Compulsively
rational,
he
wished
to
turn
life’s
decisions—
whether
to
take
the first
elevator or wait for the next one, where to bank
his money, what job
to
accept,
whether
to
marry
—
into
calculations
of
advantage
and
disadvantage,
algorithms
or
mathematical
rules
divorced
from
emotion,
convention, and tradition. Even the
small act of saying an automatic hello to
Nash in a hallway could elicit a
furious “Why are you saying hello to
me?”
纳什对理性以及纯粹思维的力量抱有旁人难以理解的
绝对信念，
即使是对
一个非常年轻的数学家，
< br>即使是在计算机、
空间旅行和核武器的新时代，
都是
如此。
爱因斯坦就曾经责备他居然想不学物理学就修正相对论。
他的偶像是牛
顿和尼采这样的孤独的思想者和超人。
计算机和科幻小说使他着迷。
他把计算
机称做
“
会思考的机器
”
，认
为它在某些地方比人类优越。他一度被药物可能提
高体力和智力水平的主意所蛊惑。
他也曾沉迷于由超理性生物组成的外星人能
够教会自己将所有感情置
之度外的想法。
他具有一种强迫性的理性，
希望将生
活中的决定
——
是搭乘第一部电梯还是等待下一部
，
到哪里存钱，
接受什么样
的工作，<
/p>
是否结婚
——
都转化为利弊得失的计算，
转化为完全脱离感情、
习俗
和传统的算
法法则或数学规则。
即便是别人在走廊里随口和他打声招呼这样的
小事情，也会引起他愤怒地发问：
“
你究竟为什么要向我打招
呼？
”
7
．
His
contemporaries,
on
the
whole,
found
him
immensely
strange.
They
described
him
as
“aloof,
“haughty”,
“without
affect”,
“detached”,
“spooky”,
“isolated”, and “queer”. Nash mingled rather than
mixed with his
6
peers. Preoccupied with his own private
reality, he seemed not to share their
mundane
concerns.
His
manner
—
slightly
cold,
a
bit
superior,
somewhat
secretive
—suggested
something
“mysterious
and
unnatural”.
His
remoteness was
punctuated by flights of garrulousness about outer
space
and
geopolitical
trends,
childish
pranks,
and
unpredictable
eruptions
of
anger. But these
outbursts were, more often than not, as enigmatic
as his
silences. “He is not one of us”
was a constant refrain. A mathematician at the
Institute for Advanced Study remembers
meeting Nash for the first time at a
crowded student party at Princeton:
I noticed him very definitely among a
lot of other people who were there.
He
was sitting on the floor in the half-circle
discussing something. He made
me
feel
uneasy.
He
gave
me
a
peculiar feeling.
I
had
a
feeling
of
certain
strangeness. He was different in some
way. I was not aware of the extent of
his talent. I had no idea he would
contribute as much as he really did.
他的
同辈人基本上认为他实在不可理喻。
他们说他
“
孤僻
”
、
“
< br>傲慢
”
、
“
无情
”
、
“
孤立
”
、
“
幽灵一般
”
、
“
隔绝
”
和
“
古怪
”
。他和同辈人只是混合在一起，却没有真
正融合。
他沉醉于自己的隐秘世界，
根本不能理解别人
操心的世俗事务。
他的
举止稍微有些冷淡，
有些高高在上，
还有一点秘而不宣的样子，
暗示了某种神<
/p>
秘而非自然的东西。
他一贯冷漠，
但一时
兴起也会喋喋不休地谈论外太空和地
缘政治趋势，
或做出孩子般
的恶作剧，
或者毫无征兆地勃然大怒。
但是这些情
感的迸发总是和他的沉默一样神秘莫测。
“
他和我们
不一样
”
是人们常说的一句
话。
一位在普林斯顿高等研究院工作的数学家这样描述他在普林斯顿拥挤的学
生舞会上第一次遇见纳什的情景：我从那里的一大群人当中一下子就注意到
他。当时他
坐在地上，身边围了半个圆圈的学生，正在讨论什么问题。他使我
感到不安，
给我一种奇怪的感觉。
我觉察到一种特别陌生的东西，
他在某些地
7
方与众不同。<
/p>
我并不了解他究竟有多大本事，
也根本想不到后来他会作出那么<
/p>
大的贡献。
8
．
But he did
contribute, in a big way. The marvelous paradox
was that
the ideas themselves were not
obscure. In 1958, Fortune singled Nash for
his achievements in game theory,
algebraic geometry, and nonlinear theory,
calling him the most brilliant of the
younger generation of new ambidextrous
mathematicians who worked in both pure
and applied mathematics. Nash’s
insight
into the dynamics of human
rivalry
—
his theory of
rational conflict and
cooperation
—
was
to
become
one
of
the
most
influential
ideas
of
the
twentieth
century, transforming the young science of
economics the way that
Mendel’s ideas
of genetic transmission, Darwin’s model of natural
selection,
and Newton’s celestial
mechanics reshap
ed biology and physics
in their day.
但是他确实作出了贡献，
而且非
同凡响。
而让人感到矛盾的是，
他的许多
想法本身并不晦涩。
1958
年，由于纳什在博弈论、代数几
何学和非线性理论
方面取得的成就，
《财富》杂志推举他为同时
活跃在纯粹数学和应用数学两个
领域的新一代天才数学家中最杰出的人物。
纳什对于人类竞争动态变化的洞察
——
他的理性竞争
与合作理论
——
将会成为
20
世纪最具影响的思想理论之
一。
这一理论改变着
新兴的经济学，
其作用无异于孟德尔的基因遗传、
达尔文
的自然选择模式和牛顿的天体力学再造了当时的生物学和物理学。
8
I.
Vocabulary
1.
Another common use of the tag question
is in small talk when the speaker is trying
to
conversation:
A. illicit
B. elicit
C. solicit
D.
explicit
2.
Napster
says
it
is
delaying
the
launch
of
its
subscription
service
yet
again,
after
running
into
serious
problems
in
its
talks
with
other
firms.
So
here
is
Napster's
: Still not
ready.
A. refrain
B. renown
C. restraint
D. retention
3.
The path from initial lab work on a
drug to final approval of the drug by the Food &
Drug Administration is a long and
process.
A. hilarious
B. notorious
C.
industrious
D. laborious
4.
When I was a child, I
always refused to write thank-you notes for
birthday presents
from a faraway
relative. My mother would
me and say,
to be
polite.
A. glide
B. slide
C. abide
D. chide
5.
A(n)
memory may be a good thing,
but the ability to forget is the true
token of greatness.
A.
attentive
B. inattentive
C. retentive
D. irretentive
6.
There's still a great
deal of
on the weapons of mass
destruction, which
despite what
President Bush and Prime Minister Blair say, have
not yet been found.
A. evidence
B.
skepticism
C.
knowledge
D.
consensus
7.
Even though
exercise has many positive benefits, too much can
be harmful. Teens
who exercise
are
at risk for both physical and psychological
problems.
A. comparatively
B. competitively
C.
compulsively
D. comprehensively
8.
Some of the maids were
quiet and affectionate. But others were
, driving the
young women
crazy by complaining to them all the time.
A. querulous
B. fabulous
C.
pretentious
D. conscientious
9.
There
is
nothing
more
fascinating
than
observing
citizens
of
many
different
nationalities
and exchanging greetings in an
international airport.
A. singling
B. dingling
C. jingling
D. mingling
10. When Dallas
police notified the hospital that President
Kennedy had been shot, at
first, the
young neurosurgeon thought it was a
.
A. blank
B. flank
C. prank
D. frank
1
. B
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. C
1
II.
thumb nose at
on the lookout
for
superior to
obsess with
obscure
single out
burst onto
get along
disregard
more often than not
1.
He picked up
things that he thought people were throwing away
and still had life.
He was very upset
that people were very quick to
things of value.
2.
Looking for life elsewhere is a tough
task. The good news is that the scientists are
for
extraterrestrials signs and scientific tools to
search for extraterrestrial
life are
advancing rapidly.
3.
They
are not so
their studies that they
avoid sports. On the contrary,
they
juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of
teams.
4.
People
remember
only
what
is
interesting
and
useful
to
them,
what
helps
them
make sense of the world, or helps them
in it.
5.
My husband reacted with
irritation because he felt the comments implied:
not a real marriage. I am
you
because my wife and I have avoided your
misfortune.
6.
Airlines
are
the
plan
to
modernize
Los
Angeles
International
Airport
because
their
financial
problems
would
make
it
difficult
for
them
to
pay
for
the
renovation.
7.
The Green Party of Pennsylvania (GPPA)
has
the political scene in 2001
with unprecedented energy and vigor and
Green voter registration has more than
quadrupled.
8.
Before he went to university, Prince
William had gone off to the jungles of South
America and worked on rather
farms in
England.
9.
, we tend to
get stressed and disturbed by life's endless ups
and downs.
You have the choice to let
it remain the same or change it to your advantage!
10.
Following the terrorist
attacks, there have been reports of beatings and
killings of
Arabs. As an African
American, I am outraged by the
of Arab Americans
and
Muslims.
1. disregard
2. on the
lookout for
3.
obsessed with
4. get along
5.
superior to
6. thumbing
nose at
7.
burst onto
8.
Obscure
9. More often than not
10. singling out
2
III.
distinguish
strike
as to
unlike
case
necessary
chronic
result in
fortunate
collection
John
Nash
has
the
same
mental
illness
that
affects
more
than
two
million
Americans:
schizophrenia(
精神分裂症
).
He
has
experienced
the
same
symptoms
as
others __1__ with the
disease: illusions that messages are being sent to
him through
television or newspapers.
What __2__ Nash from others is an uncommon amount
of
public attention. In 1994, Nash
shared the Nobel Prize with two other economists.
The attention has __3__ a long overdue
education for the public about the illness
and its treatments. __4__ like Nash's
help us know that people may have mental illness
but still can contribute to
society,
Gil added that Nash's
recovery is not __5__ a normal thing.
Schizophrenia usually
affects people in
their late teens or early twenties, __6__ Nash who
didn't slide into the
illness until he
was thirty. This gave him time to explore his
theories and establish a
social
network
that
enabled
him
to
survive
later.
Many
patients
who
are
diagnosed
earlier in their lives are not as
__7__.
Much debate continues __8__
what exactly schizophrenia is and what causes it.
One view suggests that it is an illness
with many manifestations while another submits
that it is a __9__ of illnesses often
lumped together. According to the National
Institute
of Mental Health,
schizophrenia is “a _
_10__ and
disabling brain disease that has no
known single cause
1. Stricken
2.
distinguishes
3. resulted
in
4. Cases
5. necessarily
6. Unlike
7. Fortunate
8. as to
9.
collection
10. Chronic
3
The Ideal of Service
1
．
There is an
implication of selfishness in the words
materialism and comfort
—
a
suggestion of self-pampering at the
expense of others. Yet, vulnerable as Americans
are to criticism on other points, even
their critics have not denied them generosity and
a concern to help those who have not
been so richly blessed with material goods. The
Christian
command
，“Do
unto
others
as
you
would
have
them
do
unto
you,
is
frequently invoked. A
disaster, whether at home or abroad, invariably
brings forth a
flood of
voluntary contribution.
The
necessity
for mutual aid
in
the
first
settlements
and on the
frontier may have passed, but the response is
still there.
“实利主义”和“舒适”这样的字眼隐含着自私自利―
在损害他人利益的基础上骄纵自己。
然而，尽管美国人在其他方面易受
垢病，即使他们的批评者也没有否认美国人在帮助贫困人民方面
表现出的慷慨和关怀。<
/p>
“你希望别人如何待你，就应该如何待别人”
，这条基督教训诫被
频繁引用。
只要有灾难发生，不管发生在国内还是国外，都会有很多人捐钱捐物。第一批
殖民者之间和开拓新
边疆时期人们的互助需求今天可能不再需要，但它的影响依然存在。
2
．
Magazines
are
full
of
stories
like
the
one
about
Mike
Katsanevas
who
had
come to America from
Greece in 1909 at the age of nineteen. He fought
in World War
I,
married,
but
lost
his
wife
and
baby.
When
his
mother
became
ill
in
Greece
he
returned to help her, married there,
and had nine children. The Second World War
reduced him and his family to poverty.
Mike fought the Nazi parachutists, was penned
up in a prison camp for three years.
After the war, he returned home to find his family
living skeletons.
杂志上常登载下面这样的故事：迈克·
卡特萨尼瓦斯
1909
年
19
岁时从希腊来到美国，他参<
/p>
加了第一次世界大战，结了婚，但妻子和孩子不幸死去。留在希腊的母亲生病后，他返回家
乡照看
1
她。他在希腊又一次结婚，育有
9
个
孩子。第二次世界大战使他的一家一贫如洗。迈克在二战中参
加了抗击德国伞兵的战斗，
并在战俘营中度过了
3
年。战后返回家园时，他见到的家人都
饿得瘦骨
嶙峋。
3
．
An
American
citizen,
he
took
advantage
of
the
State
Department
offer
to
return him to the United
States, along with three of the older children.
But it was hard
to save enough money to
pay the passage for the rest of his family. Mike
was now
sixty-five. When his story got
into the papers, the $$2,600 needed to bring them
over
was
quickly
raised.
The
welfare
director
at
the
Naval
Supply
Depot
where
Mike
worked
helped with all the official red tape and located
a modest home Mike could
afford to buy.
Painters donated their services, furniture stores
gave furnishings, and
the
ladies
of
the
Greek
church
supplied
linens
and
kitchenware.
And
Mike
got
his
family. “Only in America
could such things happen,” he said.
作为美国公民，
他可以享受美国国务院制定的优惠政策，
由政府出路费让他带着
3
个大些的孩
子返回美国，但是他一时筹不到家里其他成员的路费。当时迈克己经
65 <
/p>
岁了。他的故事见报后，
人们很快为他筹集到所需的
2
600
美元。迈克所在的海军补给仓库的福利
军官帮他办好一切相关手
续，并为他找了一栋他能够买得起的价钱适中的房子。油漆匠义
务帮他粉刷了房子；家具店送他家
具、地毯、窗帘等；希腊教堂的女教友送他日用家居织
品和厨房用具。迈克一家因此能够团聚。他
说：
“只有在美国才
会发生这样的事情。
”
4
．
Service
as
an
ideal
has
spread
out
into
many
branches
of
American
life.
More and more institutions of a
community are expected to anticipate the needs of
the citizen, and to make possible a
healthier, happier, richer life. Meanwhile service
as a commercial activity has leaped
ahead. Since 1870 the experienced labor force
engaged
in
production
of
services
has
risen
from
twenty-five
percent
to
fifty-three
percent. Whether you want a daily
diaper service for the new infant, a carwash (many
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：基本指令
下一篇：意大利语中的标点符号和用法