-
Unit 12 You
’
re
supposed to shake hands.
学习目标：
1
．掌握“
be (not)
supposed to
”的结构及用法。
2
．熟悉不同国家的礼仪风俗。
3
．了解世界各国文化，在生活中做个有心人，有礼有节之人。
一、词汇
1
．基础词汇
kiss
吻，亲吻
napkin
greet
餐巾
问候
stick
刺，戳
crowd
挤满
spoon
匙
land
国家，国土
bow
鞠躬
chopstick
筷子
fork
餐叉
2
．重点短语
pick up
捡起
be supposed to
应该
rude
无礼的
wipe
擦去
point
指向
cut up
切开
drop by
访问
after all
毕竟
table manners
餐桌礼仪
shake hand
握手
二、日常用语
1
．
What are you
supposed to do
…
?
2
．
You
’
re supposed
to
…
3
．
It
’<
/p>
s rude to
…
4
．
When were you
supposed to arrive?
5
．
I was supposed
to arrive at 7:00
，
but I
arrived at 8:00.
6
．
You should have
asked what you were supposed to wear.
三、知识讲解
Section A:
1. You
’
re
supposed to shake hands.
你应该握手。
★
(1)be supposed to do.
应该，被期望做……
如：
Is he supposed to clean
the outside of the window or only the inside?
他应该把窗户外面擦干净，还是只擦里面就可以呢？
★
(2)suppose
动词
认定，假定
如：
Let us suppose that the
news is true.
让我们假定这消息是真实的。
2.
You should have asked what you were supposed to
wear.
你应该早问一下该穿什么。
★
should have don
e
…这是虚拟语气的一种表达方式，虚拟语气表示所说的话只是
一种主观的愿望、假象、建议等。
如：
It
is strange that she should have done it.
真奇怪，她竟干出这种
事来。
3. Where I
’
m from
，
we
’
re
pretty relaxed about time.
我所在的地方，对时间是相当宽松的。
★
(1)Where
I
’
m
from.
Where
是副词，此处
用法没有先行词，
“在，于，或至……
的地方”
。例：
Where
there
’
s no
rain
，
farming is difficult or
impossible.
在不下雨的地方，农业是困难的或根本不可能的。
★
(2)where
经常引导以
place
为先行词的定语从句。如：
She would like to live in a country where it never
snows.
她喜欢住在不下雪的国家。
★
(3)pretty
副词
相当地，颇
如：
He did pretty well.
他做的相当好。
★
(4)relaxed
形容词
松弛的，缓和的，松懈的，通常用来修饰人。
如：
He
’
s
feeling relaxed now.
他现在感觉轻松多了。
★
relaxing
则往往修饰物。
如：
Reading is relaxing.
读书让人放松。
4.
Spending time with family and friends is very
important to us.
和家人及朋友一起度过对我们来说是很重要的。
★
(1)spending
是动名词作主语，此时谓语动词应用单数。
如：
Feeding pigs is her job.
她的工作是喂猪。
★
(2)to
是介词，意为“对……来说”
如：
It
’
s
not important to us.
这对我们来说不重要。
5.
Often
we
just
walk
around
the
town
center
，
seeing
as
many
as
of
our
friends
as we can.
我们经常走遍市中心，看尽可能多的朋友。
★
as<
/p>
…
as
…
用于平等的比较，中间用形容词、副词的原级。
如：
Please come here as
quickly as possible.
请尽可能快点过来。
★当
as
…
as
…用于否定句中时，则习惯用<
/p>
so
…
as
…<
/p>
如：
It
isn
’
t so big as you think it
is.
它并没有你所想象的那么大。
6.
In Switzerland
，
it
’
s very important to be on
time.
在瑞士，准时是很重要的。
★
it
用作形式主语，代替了真正的主语
to
< br>be
…这一不定式，不定式可以做主语，
但是又往往用<
/p>
it
作形式主语来代替。
如：
To invent new things is
his job. = It
’
s his job to
invent new things.
发明新东西是他的工作。
To
help others is good when they are in trouble.
=
It
’
s good to help others
when they are in trouble.
帮助那些处于麻烦当中的人是好事。
7. We usually make plans to see
friends.
通常我们都是做好去看朋友的计划。
★
(1)make plans for the
holidays
作好度假计划。
★
plan
在此短语中为名词，另外，
pla
n
还可以作为动词来用。
如：
★
plan to do sth.
计划做某事。
We are
planning to visit Europe this summer.
我们正计划今年夏天去欧洲旅行。
★
(2)We
usually
plan
to
go
somewhere
interesting
，
or
go
somewhere
together.
我们通常计划好做些有趣的事，或一起去某个地方。
★
Something
interesting
，
something
是不定代词，其修饰语要放后面。
Section B
1. Point at anyone
with your chopsticks.
用筷子指着某人。
★
(1)point
…
at<
/p>
…
瞄准，对着
如：
point a telescope at the
moon
让望远镜对着月亮。
★
(2)point to
指向；表示
如：
Both the hour hand and the
minute hand pointed to twelve.
时针和分针都指着十二。
2.
It
’
s
polite
…
to
do
…
It
’
s
rude
…
to
do
…
做……是礼貌的，粗鲁的
这一句型真正的主语是不定式，
it
只是形式主语。
如：
It
’
s
rude to point your chopstick at others.
用筷子指着别人是不礼
貌的。
3. They go out of their way to make me
feel at home.
他们花尽心血让我感觉不到拘束。
★
(1)go out of
one
’
s way to do
特意（花心血、时间）做某事；故意做某事。
如：
He went out of his way to
help me.
他特意帮助我。
★
(2)make
sb./oneself feel/be at home
感觉如在自己家中，无拘束
4.
Although
I
still
make
lots
of
mistakes
，
it
doesn
’
t
bother
me
like
it
used
to.
尽管我经常出一些错，但它不象过去那样打扰我。
★
(1)bother
打扰，烦扰
如：
Tell the children to stop
bothering their father.
告诉孩子们不要打扰
他们的父亲。
★
(2)used to
过去常常，强调过去的习惯动作，而现在却不这样了。
如：
Life
isn
’
t so easy here as it
used to be.
如今在此地谋生不象往日那
么容易了。
5. I thought that was pretty strange at
first
，
but now
I
’
m used to it.
开始，我想那是太奇怪了，但是现在我已经习惯了。
★
be used to
（介）习惯于，适应于
如：
I
’
m not used to
being spoken to in that rude way.
我不习惯于别人对我那样粗鲁地讲话。
★辨析：
used to
do
与
be used to
used to do
中
to
是不定式符号，因此后面要接动词原形。
be
used to
中
to
是介词，因此后
面接名词或动名词。
6.
You
’
re
not
supposed
to
eat
anything
with
your
hands
except
bread
，
not
even
fruit!
除了面包，你不可以用手吃任何东西，即使是水果也不行。
★
except
除了……之外，但不包括在内，是介词。
如：
He gets up
early every day except Sunday.
除星期日外他每天早起。
Nobody was late except me.
除我以外无人迟到。
★比较：
-
-
-
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