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八大时态结构及用法详解
一、一般现在时
标志:动词原形
期末英语必考八大时
态结构及用法详解,初一、初二、初三均适用!
1.
表示经常性或习惯性动作,常与表频度的时间状语连用:
She often speaks English.
I
leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2.
表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等:
He seems to feel a bit down today.
He works as a driver.
3.
表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中:
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Columbus proved that the earth is
round.
Where there is a will, there is
a way.
4.
表示现在瞬间的动作:
Here
comes the bus!
5.
表示将来
1)
表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作(仅限于某些表示
“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”
等的趋向动词),可以与表示未来的时间状语搭
配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定
期定点运行的交通状况。如:
p>
The next train leaves at 3
o’clock this afternoon.
How
often does the shuttle bus run?
2)
在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情:
When Bill comes
(
不用
will come), ask him to
wait for me.
I shall go there tomorrow
unless I’m too busy.
二、一般过去时
标志:动词过去式
期末英语必考八大
时态结构及用法详解,初一、初二、初三均适用!
*
闭音节:元音字母
a, e, i,
o, u
如果发字母本来的音则称为开音节,否则称为闭音节。
1.
表示过去某时所发生的动作或
存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用(
e.g. yesterday,
this
morning, just now, a moment ago,
in May, last night / year / week, once upon a
time, the
other day,
before
…, when …, in the past
等)。如:
Jim rang you just now.
Liu
Ying was in America last year.
2.
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,特别是
used to
do
表达的句型,本身表示的就是过去常常。如:
When I was a kid, I often played
football in the street.
She used to
visit her mother once a week.
*
注意区分
sb. used to
do sth.
(
某人过去常常做某事,
此处
to
是动词不定式标志符号)
和
sb. be used
to sth./doing st
h.
(某人习惯于某物
/
做某事,此处
to
是介词)。
3.
代替一般现在时,
表示一种婉转
、
客气、
礼貌、
商量的语气。
此用法仅适用于少数动词
(如
want,
hope,
wonder, think,
intend
等)及情态动词
could,
would
。如:
I
wondered if you could have a word with me.
I hoped you could help me with my
English.
Would you mind my sitting
here?
4.
虚拟语气中用一般过去时表示现在或将来时
间的动作或状态。常用句型有:
It is time
that sb. did sth. “某人该做某事了”
would rather sb. did sth.
“宁愿某人做某事”
三、一般将来时
标志:
will / shall +
动词原形
1.
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与表示将来的时间状语连用(
e.g.
tomorrow, next week,
in the
future
等)。如:
We
shall have a lot of rain next month.
My
husband will come back in a few days.
2.
表示倾向性和习惯性:
Fish will die without water.
When it gets warmer, the snow will
start to melt.
3.
一般将来时的几种句式结构辨析:
1) will / shall +
动词原形
多用于表达主观愿望或必定会发生的事情(“将会如何”)
<
/p>
*shall
作助动词时一般只用于第一人称
2) be going to +
动词原形
表示即将发生或打算要做的事:
It
is going to rain.
We are going to have
a meeting today.
3) be to +
动词原形
表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作:
He is to visit Japan next year.
We are to discuss the report on Monday.
4) be about to +
动词原形
表示即将发生的动作,意为
“马上要做某事”,后面一般不跟时间状语,如:
The
plane is about to start.
Don’t worry. I
am about to make a close examination on
you.
四、现在进行时
标志:
be +
动词的现在分词
1.
表示说话时正在进行的动作:
She
is writing a letter upstairs.
Who are
you waiting for?
It is raining hard.
2.
表示现阶段一直在进行的动作(说话时动作未必正在进行):
I hear Mr. Green is writing another
novel.
3.
表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,
往往包含说话者赞扬、
责备、
厌恶等情绪,
p>
通常与
always, constantly,
continually,
forever
等频度副词连用。如:
John is forever asking silly questions
like a stupid.
He is always thinking of
others first.
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