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一、基础自测
:
用本单元所学单词或短语的适当形式完成短文。
Mike is a Chinese boy. He likes reading
_____________1(science fiction)very much.
When
he reads it, he can't
_______________2 (put it down)
.
He has read it
_____________3 (ever
since)five years ago. He wants to be a
writer when he ________________4(grow up)
.
Last Friday
night
,
he had a
dream. In the dream he ____________5(go abroad)by
ily, the plane
stopped
working during the trip.
The
captain
said
to
all
the
passengers
,
“
__________6(hurry
up),
or
you
________________7(lose one's life)
.”
Mike flew into the sky
with the power of a magic stick and
landed safely. Then he found a big
box. It was ________8(full
of)treasure
,
and
the treasure
________________9(belong to)him then.
He was so happy that he woke up
,
and felt very
tired.
根据汉语意思完成句子
1
.我已经吃过早餐了。
I________ already________ my
breakfast.
2
.他以前读过那本书。
He ________
________ that book before.
3
.我朋友还未离开。
My friend________
________ yet.
4
.我还没有找到丢失的钥匙。
I________
________ the lost keys.
5
.你决定要去哪里了吗?
________ you ________ where to
go?
二、知识梳理
1
、
Have you read
Little Women yet
?
你已经读过《小妇人》了吗?
(
1
)本句时态是现在完成时,其结构为
“助动词
have/
has
+
动词的过去分词
”,表示相对
于现在来说已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
eg
:
I have
watered the plants already.
我已经给那些植物浇了水。
(
2
)
yet
为副词,意为
“还;已经
”,多用于否定句和疑问句,通常放在句末。
思是
“尚未;还没有
”
,它常用于否定回答。
eg
:
I haven't
done it yet.
我还没有做它呢。
—
Have you read the new book
that you bought yesterday
?
你已经读了你昨天买的新书了吗?
not yet
的意
—
Not yet.
还没有。
2
、
put down
放下
(
1
)
put down
放下
eg
:
Don't put up
your hands. Please
put
them
down
.
你们不要举手,请放下。
(
2
)
can't put sth.
down
意为“对某物爱不释手”
。
eg
:
It is an
interesting book and he
can't
put
it
down
.
它是一本有趣的书,他对它爱不释手。
(
3
)
put down
还意为“写下,记下” ,等于
write down
。
eg
:
Let me put
down your telephone number.
让我记下你的电话号码。
注意:
put... down
为“动词+副词”型短语,宾语若为代词,应放在
put
与
down
中间。
拓展:
put
的相关短语:
put away
收起来
put off
推迟
put on
穿上
put
up
张贴
3
、
hurry up
赶快;急忙(做某事)
eg
:
Hurry up
,
or you will be late.
快点,否则你会迟到的。
难点:与
hurry
相关的短语:
(1) hurry
off/away
意为“匆匆离去”
。
eg
:
Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the
man.
赵老师匆匆赶去照看那个人。
(2) hurry into
意为“匆忙进入”
。
eg
:
Her parents
are trying to hurry her into marriage.
她的父母设法催她快点结婚。
(3)
hurry out
意为“匆忙出去”
。
eg
:
The man
hurried out of the car before reporters could
speak to him.
记者们还未来得及与他交
谈,这个男人就匆匆离开了汽车。
(4) in a hurry
意为“匆忙地”
。
eg
:(乐山中考)
He
left home in a hurry and forgot to turn off the
light this morning.
今天上午他
匆忙离开家,忘记关灯了。
4
、
The book report is due in two weeks.
读书报告两周后必须交。
(
1
)
due
此处作形容词,
“预期;预定;预计”
,后面引出预期的时间、地点等。
eg
:
Her baby is
due next month.
她的宝宝预计在下个月出生。
Our
plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International
Airport at 12
:
30.
我们的飞机预计于
12
:
30
降落在上海虹桥国际机场。
拓展:
be due to do
sth.
意为“预期做某事”
eg
:
The meeting is due to start at 3
:
30.
会议预定
3:30
开始。
(
2
)
in two weeks
意为“两周之后”
。“
in
+一段时间”表示“在
,,
以后”
,常用在一般将
来时的句子中。对此提问用
how soon
。
eg
:
He will be
back in a week.
一周之后,他将回来。
注意:“
after
+一段时间”常用在一般过去时的句子中。
eg
:
He got to
Beijing after two hours.
他是两个小时后抵达北京的。
5
、
lose one's
life
丧生
lose one's
life
相当于动
词
die
。
life
意为“性命”
,属可数名词,在数上要与
one's
一致。
eg
:
The Greens
lost their lives in the car accident.
格林一家人在那次车祸中丧生了。
拓展:①
life
泛指一般意义的“生活”时,为不可数名词。
eg
:
Our life is
getting better and better.
我们的生活变得越来越好。
②
life
表示某种方式的“生活”时,常用单数形式。
eg
:
We are living a happy life.
我们过着幸福的生活。
6
、
else /els/
adv.
另外的,其他的
else
为副词,常用在
等疑问代词及
who
,
whose
,
what
when
,
where
等疑问副词之后;
也放在以
-
one
,
-
body
,
-
thing
,
-
place
,
-
where
结尾的复合不定代词
你还想喝点别的什么吗?
/
副词之后。
eg
:
Would you like something else to drink
?
拓展:
other
为形容词,意为“别的;其他的”
,常放在名词之前作定语。也可用作代词,
表示“其他的人或物” 。
eg
:
What's that in your other hand
?
你的另一只手里拿着什么?
Other people may not think that
way.
别人可能不那样想。
7
、
One...the other...
(两者中的)一个
,,
另一个
,,
eg
:
I have two
brothers.
One
is a doctor
;
the
othe
r is a teacher.
我有两个哥哥。一个是医生,另一个是教师。
拓展:
some...the
others
用于三者或三者以上,意为“一些
,,
其余的
,,
”
eg
:
Boys are on
the playground.
Some
are
playing basketball
,
the others
are playing
football.
男孩们在操场上。一些正在打篮球,其余的正在踢足球。
8
、
towards prep.
朝;向;对着
[
辨析
]for
,
to
与
towards
常用在
leave
,
start
for
后,表
They'll
travel.
leave
for
Xi'an
to
示运动的方向或目的地。
他们要去西安旅游。
to
置于
go
,
come
,
return
move
等词后,表示目的
地。
,
When will you
come to our
school
?你将什么时候来我
们学校?
She was
walking towards the
town.
她正往镇上走去。
one end
of the court while
意为
“朝;
向”,只说明运动
towards
方向,无“到达”之意。
例题:
In a basketball match
,
players move _________
(朝,向)
throwing
the ball to each other.
9
、
can't wait to
do sth.
迫不及待地做某事
eg
:
Bill couldn't
wait to open his present .
比尔迫不及待地打开他的礼物。
拓展:
(1) can't help doing
sth.
意为“情不自禁地做某事”
。
eg
:
He could not
help laughing.
他忍不住笑了起来。
(2)
can't stand doing
sth.
意为“不能容忍做某事”
。
eg
:
I can't stand
waiting for such a long time.
我不能容忍等这么久。
(3)
can't stop doing sth.
意为“不能停止做某事”
。
eg
:
The boy
couldn't stop crying when he heard the bad
news.
当他听到这个坏消息时,这个男孩不停地哭起来。
10
、
make sb. do
sth.
使某人做某事
make
意为“使变得;促使;迫使”
,是使役动词,常见结构:
(
1
)
make sb. do
sth.
意为“使某人做某事”
。
eg
:
The news made
my father feel sad.
这个消息使我的爸爸感到伤心。
(
2
)
make
+名词
/
代词+形容词,意为“使
,,
处于某种状态”
。
eg
:
He always
makes us happy.
他总是使我们快乐。
(
3
)
make
作动词,还可意为“制订;做”
。
eg
:
He can make a
model plane.
他会做飞机模型。
拓展:
make
的相关短语:
make money
赚钱
make the bed
铺床,整理床铺
make a mistake
犯错误
make friends with
与
,,
交朋友
make a decision
作出决定
make sure
确信
make fun of
取笑
,,
11
、
come to
逐渐
,,
;开始
,,
come to
相当于
b
egin/get
to
,后面跟动词原形,其后常跟的动词有:
like
,
understand
,
realize
,
see
,
know
等。
eg
:
I
came to
like her.
我逐渐喜欢上她了。
I
came to
understand his love.
我开始理解他的爱。
拓展:
come to do
意为“来做(从事)某事”
。
eg
:
Excuse
me
,
would you like to
come to help
me with my
English
?
打扰了,你愿意来帮助我学英语吗?
We hope you'll
come to do
business with
us...
我们希望你们来与我们做生意。
12
、
ever since
自从
ever since
相当于
since
,
ever
起强调作用,其后可接短语或句子。接句子时,从句用一般
过去时,主句用现在完成时。
eg
:
I haven't
heard from him ever since last year.
自去年以来我就未曾收到过他的信。
拓展:
ever since
可单独使用,放于句末。
eg
:
He fell ill at Christmas and has been ill ever
since.
他在圣诞节生病了,此后就一直不适。
13
、
[
辨析
] such as
与
for example
列举整体之中的
部分同类人或事物
作例。其后没有逗号,
直接加所列举的内容
。
列举整体之中的
一个
为例,在句子中
多用作插入语
,用
逗号与其前内容隔开
,
位置可以在句首、句中或句末。
such as
for
example
拓展:
like
也常用来表示举例,可与
such as
互换。但
such as
用于举例可以分开使用,此时不
可与
like
互换。
eg
:
Some warm -
blooded animals
,
like/such as
the cat
,
the dog and the wolf
,
do not need to
hibernate.
一些温血动物,像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。
He has several
such
reference books
as
dictionaries and
handbooks.
他有几本像字典、手册之
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