必修一(高一英语)unit1-5课文原文及其译文

她一家人都是犹太人，

所以他们不得不躲藏起来，

否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和 她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠

实朋友就是她的日记了。 她说，

“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我

的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”

。安妮自从

1 942

年

7

月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在 ，来看看她的

心情

吧。

亲爱的基蒂：

我不知道这是不是因为 我长久无法出门的缘故，

我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

我记

得非常清楚，

以前，

湛蓝 的天空、

鸟儿的歌唱、

月光和鲜花，

从 未令我心迷神往过。

自从我来到这里，

这一切都变了。

……比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到

1 1

点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因

为月光太 亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开

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着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力< /p>

量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……

……令 人伤心的是……我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，

但观 看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。

Using Language

Reading, listening and writing

亲爱的王小姐：

我同班上的同学有件 麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处很好，我们常常一起做家庭作业，

而且很乐 意相互帮助。我们成了非常好的朋友。可是，其他同学却开始在背后议论起来，他们说我和

这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎

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Reading and writing

尊敬的编辑：

我是 苏州高中的一名

学生

。我有一个难题，我不太善于同人们交际。 虽然我的确试着去跟班上的同学

交谈，但是我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有 时候我感到十分孤独。我确实想改变这种现

状，但是我却不知道该怎么办。如果您能给我 提些建议，我会非常感激的。

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Unit2

the Road to Modern English

At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.

Nearly

all

of

them

lived

in

England.

Later

in

the

next

century,

people

from

England

made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began

to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first,

second or a foreign language than ever before.

Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the

same kind of English. Look at this example:

British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?

American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to you apartment.

So

why

has

English

changed

over

time?

Actually

all

languages

change

and

develop

when

cultures

meet

and

communicate

with

each

other.

At

fist

the

English

spoken

in

England

between

about

AD

450

and

1150

was

very

different

from

the

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English

spoken

today.

It

was

base

more

on

German

than

the

English

we

speak

at

present. Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like

German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These

new

settlers

enriched the English

language and

especially

its

vocabulary.

So

by

the

1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In

1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British

people were taken to Australia to. English began to be spoken in both countries.

Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes

in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah

Webster

wrote

The

American

Dictionary

of

the

English

language.

The

latter

gave

a

separate identity to American English spelling.

English

now

is also

spoken

as

a foreign

or second

language

in South

Asia.

For

example,

India

has

a

very

large

number

of

fluent

English

speakers

because

Britain

ruled

India

from

1765

to

1947.

During

that

time

English

became

the

language

for

government

and

education.

English

is

also

spoken

in

Singapore

and

Malaysia

and

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countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English

in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English

learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.

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第二单元

世界上的

英语

Reading

通向现代英语之路

16

世纪末期大约有

5

百万到

7

百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都

在英国。后来，在

17

世纪英国

人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。如今说 英语的人比以往任何时

候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外 语。

以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也 可以互相交流。请看以下例子：

英国人贝蒂：

“请到我的公寓（

flat

）里来看看，好吗？”

美国人艾米：

“好的。我很乐意到你的公 寓（

apartment

）去。

”

那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？事实上，当不同文化 互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会

有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公元

< br>450

年到

1150

年间，人们 所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不

一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代 英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元

800

年到

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1150

年期间，

英语不那么像德语了。< /p>

因为那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。

这些新的定< /p>

居者大大丰富了英语语言，特别是在词汇方面。所以到

17

世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何

时期都大。在

1620

年，一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来，到了

19

世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳大

利亚，两个国家的人都开始 说英语了。

最后，到

20

编写了词典，后来，诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》

，后者体现了美 国英语拼写的不同特色。

现在，英语在南亚也被当作外语或第 二语言来说。比如说，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，这是因

为英国于

1765

年到

1947

年统治 过印度。在那期间，英语成了官方语言和

教育

用语。在新加坡、 马来

西亚和非洲其它国家，

比如南非，

人们也说英语。

目前在

中国学习

英语的 人数正在迅速增长。

事实上，

中国可能拥有世界上最多的英语学 习者。中国英语会发展出自己的特色吗？这只能由时间来回答了。

Using Language

标准英语和方言

什么是标准英语？是 在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰所说的英语吗？信不信由你，

（世界上 ）没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语，这是因为在早期

的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听

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出人们在说话时的差异。

当人们用不 同于“标准语言”的词语时，那就叫做方言。美国英语有许多方言，特别是中西部和南部

地区的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美国有些地区，即使是相邻城镇的两个人所说的语言都

可能稍有不同。美国英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为美国人是来自世界各地的缘故。

地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。

住在美国东部山区 的一些人说着比较古老的英语方言。

当美国人从

一个地方搬到另 一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言随着带去了。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国

西北 部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。美国是一个使用多种方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但

< br>是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。

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Unit3

Journey Down the Mekong

My name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have

dreamed

about

taking

a

great

bike

trip.

Two

years

ago

she

bought

an

expensive

mountain

bike

and

then

she

persuaded

me

to

buy

one.

Last

year,

she

visited

our

cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if Kunming. They are Dai and grew up

in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that

is called the Mekong River in other countries.

Wang Wei soon got time interested in

cycling too. After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. I

asked my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle

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along

the

entire

Mekong

River

from

where

it

begins

to

where

it

ends.

Now

she

is

planning our schedule for the trip.

I

am

fond

of

my

sister

but

she

has

one

serious

shortcoming.

She

can

be

really

stubborn. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that

she organize the trip properly. Now I know that the proper way is always her way. I kept

ask

ing her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?” I asked her whether

she had looked at a map yet. Of course she hadn’t; my sister doesn’t care about details.

So

I

told

her

that

the

source

of

the

Mekong

is

in

Qinghai

Province.

She

gave

me

a

determined look -- the kind that said she would not change her mind. When I told her

that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to

be excited about it. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be

very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. I know my sister well. Once

she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.

Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a

large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography. From the atlas we

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could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to move quickly. It becomes rapids

as

it

passes

through

deep

valleys,

traveling

across

western

Yunnan

Province.

Sometimes

the

river

becomes

a

water

fall

and

enters

wide

valleys.

We

were

both

surprised to learn that half of the river is in China. After it leaves China and high altitude,

the

Mekong

becomes

wide,

brown

and

warm.

As

it

enters

Southeast

Asia,

its

pace

slows. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice

grows. At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.

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第三单元

游记

Reading

沿湄公河而下的旅程

第一部分梦想与计划

我的名字叫王坤 。从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车

旅行

。两年前，她买了

一辆昂贵的山地自行车，然后还说服我买了一辆（山地车）

。去年她去看望了我们的表兄弟——在昆

明读大学的刀卫和宇航。他们是 傣族人，在云南省西部靠近澜沧江的地方长大，湄公河在中国境内的

这一段叫澜沧江，在 其他国家（境内）叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也对骑车

旅游

产生了兴趣。大

学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。我问我姐姐：

河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐 姐。现在她正在为我们的旅行制定计划。

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