《英语语言学概论》题与答案(2)

Exercises

I.

Multiple Choice

1. __________ studies language change over time in contrast to

looking at language as it is used at a given moment.

A. Diachronic linguistics

B. Synchronic linguistics

C. Prescriptive linguistics

D. Comparative linguistics

2. Of all the speech organs, the ______ is/are the most flexible.

A. mouth

B. lips

C. tongue

D. vocal cords

3.

In

terms

of

place

of

articulation,

the

following

sounds

[p],

[b],

[m] and [w]share the feature of ______.

A. palatal

B. alveolar

C. bilabial

D. dental

4. A(n) ______ is a unit that is of distinctive value.

It is an

abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features.

A. phone

B. sound

C. allophone

D. phoneme

5. Which of the following sound description is for [d]

A. voiced labiodental fricative

B. voiced alveolar stop

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C. voiceless labiodental fricative

D. voiceless alveolar stop

6. What is the phonetic feature of the sound [u]

A.

close back short

B. semi-close front short

C. semi-open central short

D. open front short

7. Which of the following sentences contain a derivational affix

A. The cows escaped.

B. It was raining.

C. Those socks are inexpensive.

D. She closed the book.

8. The morpheme “ed” in the word “worked” is known as a(n)

______.

A. derivational morpheme

B. lexical morpheme

C.

inflectional morpheme

D. functional morpheme

9. “en

-

” in “enlarge” is a(n) ______.

A. derivational affix

B. inflectional affix

C. free root

D. bound root

10.

______

is

the

smallest

unit

of

language

that

carries

information

about meaning or function.

A. Syntax

B. Grammar

C. Morphology

D. Morpheme

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11. Which of the following forms is possible word of English

A.

sproke

B. bsarn

C. mbood

D. coofp

12.

Which

pair

of

words

below

shows

the

relation

of

antonymy.

______

A. flourish

—

thrive

B. intelligent

—

stupid

C. casual

—

informal

D. flog

—

whip

13. We call the relation between “furniture” and “wardrobe” as

______.

A. hyponymy

B. meronymy

C. homophony

D. homonymy

14.

Most

of

the

violations

of

the

maxims

of

the

CP

give

rise

to

______.

A. breakdown of conversation

B. confusion of one’s intention

C. hostility between speakers and the listeners

D. conversational implicatures

15.

In

t

he

phrase

structure

rule

“S——>NP

VP”,

the

arrow

can

be

read as______.

equal to

ts of

tes

16. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is ______.

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A. lexical

B. morpheme

C. grammatical

D. semantic

17. The pair of words “hot” and “cold” are ______.

A. gradable antonyms

B. relational antonyms

C. complementary antonyms

D. co-hyponyms

18. Which pair of the following are complementary antonyms

A. alive / dead

B. above / below

C. poor / rich

D. doctor / patient

19. What is the relation between the pair of sentences:

He likes seafood.

He likes crabs

A. synonymy

B. inconsistency

C. entailment

D. presupposition

20. Which pair of the following are homographs

A. piece

n.

/ peace

n.

B. tear

v.

/ tear

n.

C. fast

adj.

/ fast

v.

D. flower

n.

/ rose

n.

21. Which pair of the following are dialectal synonyms

A. lorry, truck

B. kid, child

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C. collaborator, accomplice

D. amaze, astound

22. “Lift” and “elevator” form a pair of ______

synonyms.

A. stylistic

B. dialectical

C. collocational

D. connotative

15. All syllables must have a ______.

A. onset

B. coda

C. nucleus

D. consonant

23. ______

studies

language and

speech

as they are used

at a given

moment and not in terms of how they have evolved over time.

A. Diachronic linguistics

B. Synchronic linguistics

C. Prescriptive linguistics

D. Comparative linguistics

24.

______

deals

with

language

application

to

other

fields,

particularly education.

A. Psycholinguistics

B. Sociolinguistics

C. Applied linguistics

D. Comparative linguistics

25.

Of

the

following

sound

combination,

only

______

is

permissible

in English.

A. iblk

B. ilbk

C. ilkb

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D. blik

26.

Which

pair

of

words

below

shows

the

relation

of

synonymy.

______

A. drunk

—

sober

B. uncle

—

aunt

C. young

—

old

D. casual

—

informal

27.

The

sense

relationship

between

“He

has

been

to

France”

and

“He

has been to Europe” is ______.

A. hyponymy

B. antonymy

C. presupposition

D. entailment

28.

In

the

phrase

structure

rule

“NP—>(Det)

N

(PP)…”,

the

arrow

can be read as______.

A. is equal to

B. branches into

C. transforms

D. generates

29. In terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds

[t][r][s][l][z][n] share the feature of ______.

A. palatal

B. alveolar

C. bilabial

D. dental

30. Y’s utterance in the following conversation violates the

maxim of ______.

X: When is Susan’s f

arewell party

Y: Sometime next month.

A.

quality

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