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(英语)高考英语语法填空练习题及答案及解析

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2021-02-16 22:32
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2021年2月16日发(作者:frisby)


(英语)高考英语语法填空练习题及答案及解析




一、高中英语语法填空


< p>
1



阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(< /p>


1


个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。




With the development of modem technology, people can stay ________ (connect) with their


families


and


friends


easily,


however


far


apart


they


are


from


each


other.


WeChat


is


one


of


the


most ________ (frequent) used means of communication in China. It is reported that the number


of the WeChat users ________ (reach) over 1.1billion so far.



Once joining the WeChat, people can find more and more people start to add them ________


friends. They don't have to consider time ________ (zone) when communicating. Another reason


why


ifs


so


popular


is


that


it


costs


nothing.


It's


also


very


convenient


for


people


to


immediately


update ________ they are doing by WeChat.




However,


addiction


to


WeChat


will


rob


people


of


the


time


that


should


otherwise


________


(spend) on something more important. And the many so-called friends on it are not really friends


at


all,


who


simply want


________


(put)


ads


or


sell


items


on


Moments.


Besides, people


on


the


Wechat are more likely to compare ________ (they) with others, which will make them feel bad


when finding some people seem to be ________ (success).



【答案】



connected



frequently


< br>has


reached



as



zones



what



be


spent



to

< br>put



themselves



(more) successful



【解析】


【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了微信给人们带来方便的同时, 也存在着一


些弊端。





1


)句意:随着现代技术的发展,人们可以很容易 地与家人和朋友保持联系,不管他们


相距多远。系动词


stay


后,用形容词


connected“


有 联系的




stay connected with“



……


保持


联系



。故填

< br>connected






2


)句意:微信是中国最常用的交流方式 之一。修饰形容词


used


,用副词。故填

frequently






3


)句意:据报道,到目前为止,微信的 用户数量已经超过


11


亿。


so


far


做时间状语


时,应使用现在完成时,


the


number


of


做主语时,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填


has reached






4


)句意:一旦加入微信,人们可以发现越来越多的 人开始添加他们作为朋友。根据句


意,此处使用介词


as


表示



作为



。故填


as






5


)句意 :他们在交流时不需要考虑时区。



时区



是复数意义,前面没有冠词,应用名


词复数形式。故填


zones






6


)句意:人们可以很方便地通过微 信立即更新他们正在做的事情。


____6____


they


are


doing


by


WeChat


是一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中做


doing


宾语,表



正在做的事情



,应


使用


w hat


引导。故填


what






7


)句意:然而,沉迷于微信将会剥夺人们原本应该花在更重要事情上的时间。



时间





花费



之间是被动关系,用被动语态, 由空前


should


可知,此处


be< /p>


动词使用原形。故



be spent





8


)句意:而许多所谓的朋友根本不是真正的朋友,他们 只是想在朋友圈里放广告或卖


东西。固定短语:


want to do sth. “


想要做某事



。故 填


to put






9


)句意 :此外,在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较,这将使他们当发现一些人似


乎更成功, 感觉难过。文中表示



人们自己与他人比较


,用反身代词。故填


themselves





< br>10


)句意:此外,在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较,这将使他们当发现一 些人似


乎更成功,感觉难过。


be


后, 用形容词作表语,根据语境此处可以使用形容词原级或比较


级。故填

more successful





【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的应用能力。对于 给出提示词的空,要注意提


示词在句子中充当的成分,若充当谓语,注意动词的时态和语 态;若充当非谓语,注意给


出单词与被修饰词的主被动关系;若给出形容词,名词,代词 等,注意根据句子结构进行


变形。若没给出提示词,注意分析句子成分,填出合适的词。




2



阅读下面短文,在空白处填入


1


个适当的单 词或括号内单词的正确形式。




Living a life with meaning and purpose is the key to improving your psychological well-being.


Your purpose doesn't________(necessary), have to involve changing the world or finding a career


________(devote) to helping others. Instead, you might make it your purpose to be kind every


day.



________you feel like your life lacks purpose, don't worry. There are many ways you can find


purpose


in


life


and


build


a


life


that


has


more


meanings.


You


can


begin


by


thinking


about


the


legacy(


遗赠


) you would like to leave behind. Write down how you'd like to ________(remember)


at the end: of your life, or think about the impact you want to leave ________the planet. Then,


establish some________(objective)that can help you reach those goals. ________(work) toward


your goals will give you a reason, to get out of bed every day, beyond earning money.




Thinking


positively________(improve)


your


psychological


well-being.


In


turn,


as


your


psychological


well-being


improves,________


becomes


easier


to


think


positively


and


feel


good


overall. Spend time thinking about some of the best memories - of your life. Whether it's a family


vacation


you went


on


10 years


ago


or you won


an


award


at


work


two years


ago, recalling


the


________(happy) times in your life can bring more positivity to your thinking.



【答案】


< /p>


necessarily



devote d



If/When



be


remembered



On



objectives



Working



Improves/ will improve



it


;< /p>


happiest



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述的是过有意义有目的的生活是改善心理健康的


关键。





1


)考查副词。句意:你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人 的职业。


not necessarily


固定短语,



不一定



。此处是用 副词修饰动词


have to


。故填


necessarily






2


)考查非谓语动词。句意:你的目标不一 定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的


职业。


be


devoted


to


固定短语,



致力于,专心于



。此处用过去分词短语作后置定语


,


相当

于定语从句


which is devoted


。故填


devoted






3


)考查 状语从句。句意:如果或当你觉得你的生活缺乏目标,不要担心。此处是条件


或时间状语 从句的引导词,置句首单词首字母大写。故填


If/When






4


)考查非谓语动词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你


希望给这个星球留下的影响。


would


like


to


do


sth.


固定短语,



愿意 做某事



。此处句子主语


you



remember


之间是一种被动关系,用 被动形式表达



你想怎样被记住



。故填


be


remembered






5


)考查 介词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你希望给


这个星球留 下的影响。


on the planet


固定短语,



在这个星球上


”,


故 填


on






6


)考查名词。句意:然后,建立一 些目标来帮助你实现这些目标。


some


后面跟名词复


数,故填


objectives






7

< br>)考查非谓语动词。句意:不止是挣钱,每天从床上爬起来朝着你的目标努力会给你


一个理由。此处是动名词作主语,故填


Working






8


)考查时态。句意:积极的思考会改善你的心理健康。此句中缺乏谓语


,


主语是动名


词,文章主时态是一般现在时,根据句意,此处需要 用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式或


将来时


,

< br>故填


improves/ will improve






9


)考查代词。句意:反过来,随着你的心理健康状 况的改善,你会更容易积极地思


考,整体感觉也会更好。此处是


it


作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。故填


it






10


)考查形容词。句意:无论是


10


年前的家庭度假,还是两年前在工作中获奖,回忆


生活中最快乐的时光都能给 你的思想带来更多的积极因素。与前句中的



the


best


memories


相对应,应用


ha ppy


的最高级形式。故填


happiest

< br>。




【点评】本题考点涉及副 词,非谓语动词,状语从句,介词,名词,时态,代词以及形容


词等多个知识点的考查, 是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步


根据上下文的逻辑关系, 并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形


式。




3



阅 读下面短文,在空白处填入


1


个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确 形式。




My hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many tourists every year. Hangzhou played a


very ________ (importance) role in Chinese history, so it has a number of great heritage sites well


reserved.



Lying on the west district of Hangzhou city, West Lake ________ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou


as


well


as


one


of


the


most


beautiful


________


(sight)


in


China.


West


Lake


has


all


along


been


praised as a sparkling pearl.



If you want to enjoy ________ whole West Lake, there are three kinds of sight you need to see.


The sunny one, the rainy one and the night view of it.



There is a saying that the sunny West Lake is not equal ________ the rainy West Lake, and the


rainy West Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at night.




At


last


there


is


a


love


tale


________


happened


at


West


Lake.


It


is


said


that


a


white


snake


changed into a beautiful lady, who ________ (call) Bai Suzhen. She was willing to repay Xu Xian


for


________


(save)


her


life


500


years


ago.


Then


she


married


him,


living


together


________


(happy). But the Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally made them part. Bai Suzhen


was shut in the Leifeng tower and the couple had no chance ________ (meet) again.



【答案】


important



is



sights



the



to


which



was call ed



saving



happily



to meet



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇说明文 ,介绍了作者的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。





1


)考查形容词。句意:杭州在中国历史上 扮演了一个非常重要的角色,所以它有很多


很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词


role


应用形容词,故填


important






2


)考查主谓一致。句意:西湖位于杭州市西城区,是杭州的象征,也是 中国最美的风


景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词


West


Lake


,谓语用单数,且描述客观事实用一般现在


时,故填


is






3


)考查 名词。句意:西湖位于杭州市西城区,是杭州的象征,也是中国最美的风景之


一。根据上 文的


one of the


可知后跟复数名词表示


“……


其中之一



,故填< /p>


sights






4


)考查 冠词。句意:如果你想欣赏整个西湖,你需要看三种景观。此处


the

< br>是定冠


词,表示特指,修饰


whole West La ke


。故填


the


< br>




5


)考查介词。句意


:


有句话说,阳光充足的西湖并不等于多 雨的西湖,多雨的西湖也不


如夜晚的西湖美丽。


be equal to


固定短语,




……


相等



。故填


to




< /p>



6


)考查定语从句。句意:最后有一个 爱情故事,发生在西湖。此处


which


是关系代


词,引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词


tale


, 在从句中做主语,故填


which






7


)考查 时态语态。句意:据说,白蛇变成了一位美丽的女士,她叫白素贞。此处句子


主语是


who


,指的是


lady

< br>,与


call


是被动关系,故用被动语态,且事情发生在 过去应用一


般现在时,主语为


a beautiful lady


,故填


was called




< br>(


8


)考查非谓语动词。句意:她愿意报答五百年前许仙 救了她的命。此处作介词


for


的宾


语 应用动名词。故填


saving






9


)考查 副词。句意:然后她嫁给了他,幸福地生活在一起。此处修饰动词


living


应用副


词,故填


happily





< br>10


)考查非谓语动词。句意:白素贞被关在了雷峰塔,这对夫妇再也没有机会见 面了。


have chance to do sth.


固定短 语,



有机会做某事



。故填


to meet





【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,主谓一致,名词,冠词,介词 ,定语从句,时态语态,非


谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读, 要求考生在理解细节信息的


基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识 ,进行分析推理,从而写出


正确的单词形式。




4



语法填空




As kids reach adolescence, they often face increasing workloads and responsibilities but school


still starts early. As a result, it ________ (report) that 80 to 90 percent of teens don't get enough


sleep.


This


sleep


________


(lose)


causes


kids


to


suffer


mentally


and


physically.


But


too


much


sleep


also


has


its


problems.


According


to


Andrew


Fuligni,


a


sleep


doctor


in


a


famous


hospital,


________


studies


the


mental


health


of


adolescents,


sleeping


less


than


eight


hours


________


more, than ten can make teenagers fed worse the next day.



________ (help) teens get enough sleep, some schools have already made school start later.


They have found that the later times let kids sleep more. They also have seen ________ (high)


test scores and better graduation rates. However, this isn't enough. Meanwhile, teenagers have


to help ________ (they). Fuligni suggests teens sleep for 10 hours each night for a week or two.


This


will


help


them


figure


________


how


much


sleep


they


require


to


fed


their


best.


However,


sleeping more on weekends ________



be

< br>)


not a good idea to compensate for missing sleep


during the week. Fuligni warns that getting different ________


(< /p>


amount



of sleep each, night


can be had for mental health.



【答案】


is r eported



loss



who



or



To help



higher



themselves



out



is



amounts



【解析】


【 分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了关于青少年的睡眠问题。睡眠在青少年的成


长中很重要 。随着孩子们进入青春期,他们经常面临越来越多的工作负担和责任,但学校


仍然很早就 开始上课。结果是,有


80%



90%


的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。



< /p>



1


)考查时态语态。结果是,有


80%



90%


的青 少年没有得到足够的睡眠。


It


is


reported


that...


, 固定句式,



据报道


.....”


,故填


is reported






2


)考查名词。这种睡眠不足会让孩子们在精神上 和身体上遭受痛苦。句子缺少主语,


所以此处应该用名词形式做主语,故填


loss




< p>


3


)考查定语从句。此处


a


sleep


doctor


是先 行词,指人,后面的非限制性定语从句缺少


主语和先行词,故填


who






4


)考查连词。一家著名医院的睡眠医生,他研究青少年的心 理健康,睡眠时间少于


8


小时甚至超过


10


小时,这可能会让青少年第二天的情况变得更糟。


or < /p>


more


或更多,故填


or





< br>5


)考查非谓语动词。为了帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠,一些学校已经开始了学校 的开


学,帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠,一些学校已经在晚些时候开始上课。此处是动词不 定式


做目的状语。故填


To help






6


)考查形容词。他们也看到了更高的考试成绩和更好的毕 业率。根据后面的


better


,可


知 此空用比较级,故填


higher






7


)考查 代词。与此同时,青少年不得不帮助他们自己。结合句意,用反身代词,故填


thems elves





8


)考查副词。这将帮助他们计算出他们需要多少睡眠才 使他们得到最好的睡眠。


figure


out


固定短语,



明白,理解,计算出


,故填


out






9

)考查时态。为了弥补一周的睡眠不足在周末睡得更多不是一个好主意。此处是动名


词短语作主语,文章讲的是日常情况,所以句子用一般现在时态,故填


is





< br>10


)考查名词。根据


different


可知后面的名词用复数形式,故填


amounts





【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态, 名词,定语从句,连词,非谓语动词,形容词,代词,


副词,时态等多个知识点的考查, 是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基


础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关 系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正


确的单词形式。

< br>



5



阅读下面短文,在空白处填入


1


个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。




At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand


years


________


the


use


of


animal


bones


and


shells


on


which


symbols


________


(carve)


by


ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's


hanzi


.




By


the


Shang


Dynasty,


these


symbols


________


(become)


a


well-developed


writing


system.


Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were


divided


geographically,


________


(lead)


to


many


varieties


of


dialects


and


characters.


This,


________, changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.



Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one ________ (unite) country where


the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great


________ (important)


in


uniting


the


Chinese


people


and


culture.


Even


today,


no


matter where


Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate ________ (easy) in


writing.




Written


Chinese


has


also


become


an


important


means


by


________


China's


present


is


connected


with


its


past.


People


in


modern


times


can


read


the


classic


________


(work)


which


were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be


seen


in


the


development


of


Chinese


characters


as


an


art


form,


known


as


Chinese


calligraphy,


which has become an important part of Chinese culture.



【答案】



to



were


carved



had


become



leading


however



united



importance


< p>
easily



which



works



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国文字记录的发展历史。





1


)考查 介词。


date back to


固定短语,

< br>“


追溯到



,故填


to






2


)考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动 关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一


般过去时,主语为


symbo ls


复数名词,谓语动词用复数。故填


were carved




< br>(


3


)考查时态。句意:到了商代,这些符号已经成为一 种很发达的文字系统。根据


“by


the


Shang


Dynasty”


可知, 应使用过去完成时,表示




……


为止,已经成为



,故填

< br>had


become






4


)考查 非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,


lead


在句中做非谓语动词 ,且


system



lead


to


为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,填


l eading




< br>(


5


)考查副词。句意:然而,这种情况在秦朝秦始皇的 统治下改变了。结合句意可知表


示转折,


但是



应用


however


,故填


however





6


)考查形容词。修饰名词


country


,应用形容词,表示< /p>



一个统一的国家


。故填


united






7


)考查 名词。


be of importance


固定短语,



很重要的



,故填< /p>


importance






8


)考查 副词。修饰动词


communicate


,应用副词,表示



容易沟通



,故 填


easily






9


)考查 定语从句。句意:书面汉语也成为中国的现在与过去联系的重要手段。本句为



介词


+


关系代词



结构定语从句修饰先行词


means


,且做 介词


by


的宾语,指代



手段



应用


关系代词


which


。故填


which





10


)考查名词。


work“


作品



,可数名词,根据


were


可知,应使用名词复数,故填


works





【点评】本题考点涉及介词,时态语态 ,非谓语动词,副词,形容词,名词,定语从句等


多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读 ,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据


上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知 识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。



< p>
6



阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(< /p>


1


个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。





Boat


Building


is


a


long-winded


and


time-consuming


business,


even


when


________


is


going


down


the


slipway


is


a


small


craft


________(make)


from


modern


materials


such


as


fibreglass.


Construct a mould(


模具


). Build up layers of resin(


树脂


) and glass fibre inside that mould. Extract


the


completed


structure


and


finish


it.


All


told,


it


can


take


months.


That,


________,


may


soon

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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