-
(英语)高考英语语法填空练习题及答案及解析
一、高中英语语法填空
1
.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(<
/p>
1
个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the development of
modem technology, people can stay ________
(connect) with their
families
and
friends
easily,
however
far
apart
they
are
from
each
other.
WeChat
is
one
of
the
most ________ (frequent) used means of
communication in China. It is reported that the
number
of the WeChat users ________
(reach) over 1.1billion so far.
Once joining the WeChat, people can
find more and more people start to add them
________
friends. They don't have to
consider time ________ (zone) when communicating.
Another reason
why
ifs
so
popular
is
that
it
costs
nothing.
It's
also
very
convenient
for
people
to
immediately
update ________
they are doing by WeChat.
However,
addiction
to
WeChat
will
rob
people
of
the
time
that
should
otherwise
________
(spend) on
something more important. And the many so-called
friends on it are not really friends
at
all,
who
simply
want
________
(put)
ads
or
sell
items
on
Moments.
Besides, people
on
the
Wechat are more likely
to compare ________ (they) with others, which will
make them feel bad
when finding some
people seem to be ________ (success).
【答案】
connected
;
frequently
;
< br>has
reached
;
as
;
zones
;
what
;
be
spent
;
to
< br>put
;
themselves
;
(more) successful
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了微信给人们带来方便的同时,
也存在着一
些弊端。
(
1
)句意:随着现代技术的发展,人们可以很容易
地与家人和朋友保持联系,不管他们
相距多远。系动词
stay
后,用形容词
connected“
有
联系的
”
,
stay
connected with“
与
……
保持
联系
”
。故填
< br>connected
。
p>
(
2
)句意:微信是中国最常用的交流方式
之一。修饰形容词
used
,用副词。故填
frequently
。
p>
(
3
)句意:据报道,到目前为止,微信的
用户数量已经超过
11
亿。
so
p>
far
做时间状语
时,应使用现在完成时,
the
number
of
做主语时,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填
has
reached
。
(
4
)句意:一旦加入微信,人们可以发现越来越多的
人开始添加他们作为朋友。根据句
意,此处使用介词
as
表示
“
作为
”
。故填
as
。
(
5
)句意
:他们在交流时不需要考虑时区。
“
时区
”
是复数意义,前面没有冠词,应用名
词复数形式。故填
p>
zones
。
(
6
)句意:人们可以很方便地通过微
信立即更新他们正在做的事情。
____6____
they
are
doing
by
WeChat
是一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中做
doing
宾语,表
“
正在做的事情
”
,应
使用
w
hat
引导。故填
what
。
(
7
)句意:然而,沉迷于微信将会剥夺人们原本应该花在更重要事情上的时间。
“
时间
”
和
“
花费
”
之间是被动关系,用被动语态,
由空前
should
可知,此处
be<
/p>
动词使用原形。故
填
be
spent
。
(
8
)句意:而许多所谓的朋友根本不是真正的朋友,他们
只是想在朋友圈里放广告或卖
东西。固定短语:
want to
do sth. “
想要做某事
”
。故
填
to put
。
(
9
)句意
:此外,在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较,这将使他们当发现一些人似
乎更成功,
感觉难过。文中表示
“
人们自己与他人比较
”
,用反身代词。故填
themselves
。
(
< br>10
)句意:此外,在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较,这将使他们当发现一
些人似
乎更成功,感觉难过。
be
后,
用形容词作表语,根据语境此处可以使用形容词原级或比较
级。故填
more successful
。
【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的应用能力。对于
给出提示词的空,要注意提
示词在句子中充当的成分,若充当谓语,注意动词的时态和语
态;若充当非谓语,注意给
出单词与被修饰词的主被动关系;若给出形容词,名词,代词
等,注意根据句子结构进行
变形。若没给出提示词,注意分析句子成分,填出合适的词。
2
.
p>
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入
1
个适当的单
词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Living a life with meaning and purpose is the key
to improving your psychological well-being.
Your purpose
doesn't________(necessary), have to involve
changing the world or finding a career
________(devote) to helping others.
Instead, you might make it your purpose to be kind
every
day.
________you feel like your life lacks purpose,
don't worry. There are many ways you can find
purpose
in
life
and
build
a
life
that
has
more
meanings.
You
can
begin
by
thinking
about
the
legacy(
遗赠
) you
would like to leave behind. Write down how you'd
like to ________(remember)
at the end:
of your life, or think about the impact you want
to leave ________the planet. Then,
establish some________(objective)that
can help you reach those goals. ________(work)
toward
your goals will give you a
reason, to get out of bed every day, beyond
earning money.
Thinking
positively________(improve)
your
psychological
well-being.
In
turn,
as
your
psychological
well-being
improves,________
becomes
easier
to
think
positively
and
feel
good
overall. Spend time thinking about some
of the best memories - of your life. Whether it's
a family
vacation
you went
on
10 years
ago
or you won
an
award
at
work
two years
ago, recalling
the
________(happy) times in
your life can bring more positivity to your
thinking.
【答案】
<
/p>
necessarily
;
devote
d
;
If/When
;
be
remembered
;
On
;
objectives
;
p>
Working
;
Improves/
will improve
;
it
;<
/p>
happiest
【解析】
p>
【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述的是过有意义有目的的生活是改善心理健康的
关键。
(
1
)考查副词。句意:你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人
的职业。
not necessarily
固定短语,
“
不一定
”
。此处是用
副词修饰动词
have to
。故填
necessarily
。
(
2
)考查非谓语动词。句意:你的目标不一
定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的
职业。
be
devoted
to
固定短语,
p>
“
致力于,专心于
”
。此处用过去分词短语作后置定语
,
相当
于定语从句
which is devoted
。故填
p>
devoted
。
(
3
)考查
状语从句。句意:如果或当你觉得你的生活缺乏目标,不要担心。此处是条件
或时间状语
从句的引导词,置句首单词首字母大写。故填
If/When
。
(
4
p>
)考查非谓语动词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你
希望给这个星球留下的影响。
would
like
to
do
sth.
固定短语,
“
愿意
做某事
”
。此处句子主语
you
和
remember
之间是一种被动关系,用
被动形式表达
“
你想怎样被记住
”
p>
。故填
be
remembered
。
(
5
)考查
介词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你希望给
这个星球留
下的影响。
on the planet
固定短语,
“
在这个星球上
”,
故
填
on
。
(
6
)考查名词。句意:然后,建立一
些目标来帮助你实现这些目标。
some
后面跟名词复
数,故填
objectives
。
(
7
< br>)考查非谓语动词。句意:不止是挣钱,每天从床上爬起来朝着你的目标努力会给你
一个理由。此处是动名词作主语,故填
Working
。
p>
(
8
)考查时态。句意:积极的思考会改善你的心理健康。此句中缺乏谓语
,
主语是动名
词,文章主时态是一般现在时,根据句意,此处需要
用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式或
将来时
,
< br>故填
improves/ will
improve
。
(
9
)考查代词。句意:反过来,随着你的心理健康状
况的改善,你会更容易积极地思
考,整体感觉也会更好。此处是
it
作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。故填
it
。
(
10
)考查形容词。句意:无论是
10
年前的家庭度假,还是两年前在工作中获奖,回忆
生活中最快乐的时光都能给
你的思想带来更多的积极因素。与前句中的
the
best
memories
相对应,应用
ha
ppy
的最高级形式。故填
happiest
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及副
词,非谓语动词,状语从句,介词,名词,时态,代词以及形容
词等多个知识点的考查,
是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步
根据上下文的逻辑关系,
并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形
式。
3
.
阅
读下面短文,在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
My
hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many
tourists every year. Hangzhou played a
very ________ (importance) role in
Chinese history, so it has a number of great
heritage sites well
reserved.
Lying on the west district of Hangzhou city, West
Lake ________ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou
as
well
as
one
of
the
most
beautiful
________
(sight)
in
China.
West
Lake
has
all
along
been
praised as a sparkling
pearl.
If you want to
enjoy ________ whole West Lake, there are three
kinds of sight you need to see.
The
sunny one, the rainy one and the night view of
it.
There is a saying
that the sunny West Lake is not equal ________ the
rainy West Lake, and the
rainy West
Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at
night.
At
last
there
is
a
love
tale
________
happened
at
West
Lake.
It
is
said
that
a
white
snake
changed into a
beautiful lady, who ________ (call) Bai Suzhen.
She was willing to repay Xu Xian
for
________
(save)
her
life
500
years
ago.
Then
she
married
him,
living
together
________
(happy). But the
Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally
made them part. Bai Suzhen
was shut in
the Leifeng tower and the couple had no chance
________ (meet) again.
【答案】
important
;
p>
is
;
sights
;
the
;
to
;
which
;
was call
ed
;
saving
;
happily
;
to meet
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
,介绍了作者的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。
(
1
)考查形容词。句意:杭州在中国历史上
扮演了一个非常重要的角色,所以它有很多
很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词
role
应用形容词,故填
important
p>
。
(
2
)考查主谓一致。句意:西湖位于杭州市西城区,是杭州的象征,也是
中国最美的风
景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词
West
p>
Lake
,谓语用单数,且描述客观事实用一般现在
时,故填
is
。
(
3
)考查
名词。句意:西湖位于杭州市西城区,是杭州的象征,也是中国最美的风景之
一。根据上
文的
one of the
可知后跟复数名词表示
“……
其中之一
”
,故填<
/p>
sights
。
(
4
)考查
冠词。句意:如果你想欣赏整个西湖,你需要看三种景观。此处
the
< br>是定冠
词,表示特指,修饰
whole West La
ke
。故填
the
。
< br>
(
5
)考查介词。句意
:
有句话说,阳光充足的西湖并不等于多
雨的西湖,多雨的西湖也不
如夜晚的西湖美丽。
be
equal to
固定短语,
“
与
p>
……
相等
”
。故填
to
。
<
/p>
(
6
)考查定语从句。句意:最后有一个
爱情故事,发生在西湖。此处
which
是关系代
词,引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词
tale
,
在从句中做主语,故填
which
。
(
7
)考查
时态语态。句意:据说,白蛇变成了一位美丽的女士,她叫白素贞。此处句子
主语是
p>
who
,指的是
lady
< br>,与
call
是被动关系,故用被动语态,且事情发生在
过去应用一
般现在时,主语为
a beautiful
lady
,故填
was
called
。
< br>(
8
)考查非谓语动词。句意:她愿意报答五百年前许仙
救了她的命。此处作介词
for
的宾
语
应用动名词。故填
saving
。
(
9
)考查
副词。句意:然后她嫁给了他,幸福地生活在一起。此处修饰动词
living
应用副
词,故填
happily
。
(
< br>10
)考查非谓语动词。句意:白素贞被关在了雷峰塔,这对夫妇再也没有机会见
面了。
have chance to do sth.
固定短
语,
“
有机会做某事
”
。故填
to meet
。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,主谓一致,名词,冠词,介词
,定语从句,时态语态,非
谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,
要求考生在理解细节信息的
基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识
,进行分析推理,从而写出
正确的单词形式。
4
.
语法填空
As kids reach
adolescence, they often face increasing workloads
and responsibilities but school
still
starts early. As a result, it ________ (report)
that 80 to 90 percent of teens don't get enough
sleep.
This
sleep
________
(lose)
causes
kids
to
suffer
mentally
and
physically.
But
too
much
sleep
also
has
its
problems.
According
to
Andrew
Fuligni,
a
sleep
doctor
in
a
famous
hospital,
________
studies
the
mental
health
of
adolescents,
sleeping
less
than
eight
hours
________
more, than ten can make teenagers fed
worse the next day.
________ (help) teens get enough sleep, some
schools have already made school start later.
They have found that the later times
let kids sleep more. They also have seen ________
(high)
test scores and better
graduation rates. However, this isn't enough.
Meanwhile, teenagers have
to help
________ (they). Fuligni suggests teens sleep for
10 hours each night for a week or two.
This
will
help
them
figure
________
how
much
sleep
they
require
to
fed
their
best.
However,
sleeping more on
weekends ________
(
be
< br>)
not a good idea to compensate for
missing sleep
during the week. Fuligni
warns that getting different ________
(<
/p>
amount
)
of sleep
each, night
can be had for mental
health.
【答案】
is r
eported
;
loss
;
who
;
or
;
To help
;
higher
;
themselves
;
out
;
is
;
amounts
【解析】
【
分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了关于青少年的睡眠问题。睡眠在青少年的成
长中很重要
。随着孩子们进入青春期,他们经常面临越来越多的工作负担和责任,但学校
仍然很早就
开始上课。结果是,有
80%
到
90%
的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。
<
/p>
(
1
)考查时态语态。结果是,有
80%
到
90%
的青
少年没有得到足够的睡眠。
It
is
reported
that...
,
固定句式,
“
据报道
.....”
p>
,故填
is
reported
。
(
2
)考查名词。这种睡眠不足会让孩子们在精神上
和身体上遭受痛苦。句子缺少主语,
所以此处应该用名词形式做主语,故填
loss
。
(
3
)考查定语从句。此处
a
sleep
doctor
是先
行词,指人,后面的非限制性定语从句缺少
主语和先行词,故填
who
。
(
4
)考查连词。一家著名医院的睡眠医生,他研究青少年的心
理健康,睡眠时间少于
8
小时甚至超过
10
小时,这可能会让青少年第二天的情况变得更糟。
or <
/p>
more
或更多,故填
or
。
(
< br>5
)考查非谓语动词。为了帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠,一些学校已经开始了学校
的开
学,帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠,一些学校已经在晚些时候开始上课。此处是动词不
定式
做目的状语。故填
To
help
。
(
6
)考查形容词。他们也看到了更高的考试成绩和更好的毕
业率。根据后面的
better
,可
知
此空用比较级,故填
higher
。
(
7
)考查
代词。与此同时,青少年不得不帮助他们自己。结合句意,用反身代词,故填
thems
elves
。
(
8
)考查副词。这将帮助他们计算出他们需要多少睡眠才
使他们得到最好的睡眠。
figure
out
固定短语,
“
明白,理解,计算出
”
,故填
out
。
(
9
)考查时态。为了弥补一周的睡眠不足在周末睡得更多不是一个好主意。此处是动名
词短语作主语,文章讲的是日常情况,所以句子用一般现在时态,故填
is
。
(
< br>10
)考查名词。根据
different
可知后面的名词用复数形式,故填
amounts
。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,
名词,定语从句,连词,非谓语动词,形容词,代词,
副词,时态等多个知识点的考查,
是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基
础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关
系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正
确的单词形式。
< br>
5
.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
At
the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based
language. It dates back several thousand
years
________
the
use
of
animal
bones
and
shells
on
which
symbols
________
(carve)
by
ancient Chinese people. Some of the
ancient symbols can still be seen in today's
hanzi
.
By
the
Shang
Dynasty,
these
symbols
________
(become)
a
well-developed
writing
system.
Over the years, the system developed
into different forms, as it was a time when people
were
divided
geographically,
________
(lead)
to
many
varieties
of
dialects
and
characters.
This,
________, changed under the rule of
Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.
Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven
major states into one ________ (unite) country
where
the Chinese writing system began
to develop in one direction. That writing system
was of great
________ (important)
in
uniting
the
Chinese
people
and
culture.
Even
today,
no
matter
where
Chinese people live or what
dialect they speak, they can all still communicate
________ (easy) in
writing.
Written
Chinese
has
also
become
an
important
means
by
________
China's
present
is
connected
with
its
past.
People
in
modern
times
can
read
the
classic
________
(work)
which
were
written by Chinese in ancient times. The high
regard for the Chinese writing system can be
seen
in
the
development
of
Chinese
characters
as
an
art
form,
known
as
Chinese
calligraphy,
which has become an important part of
Chinese culture.
【答案】
to
;
were
carved
;
had
become
;
leading
;
however
;
united
;
importance
;
easily
;
which
;
works
【解析】
p>
【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国文字记录的发展历史。
(
1
)考查
介词。
date back to
固定短语,
< br>“
追溯到
”
,故填
to
。
(
2
)考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动
关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一
般过去时,主语为
symbo
ls
复数名词,谓语动词用复数。故填
were
carved
。
< br>(
3
)考查时态。句意:到了商代,这些符号已经成为一
种很发达的文字系统。根据
“by
the
Shang
Dynasty”
可知,
应使用过去完成时,表示
“
到
……
p>
为止,已经成为
”
,故填
< br>had
become
。
(
4
)考查
非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,
lead
在句中做非谓语动词
,且
system
与
lead
to
为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,填
l
eading
。
< br>(
5
)考查副词。句意:然而,这种情况在秦朝秦始皇的
统治下改变了。结合句意可知表
示转折,
“
但是
”
应用
however
,故填
however
。
(
6
)考查形容词。修饰名词
country
,应用形容词,表示<
/p>
“
一个统一的国家
”
。故填
united
。
(
7
)考查
名词。
be of importance
固定短语,
“
很重要的
”
,故填<
/p>
importance
。
(
8
)考查
副词。修饰动词
communicate
,应用副词,表示
p>
“
容易沟通
”
,故
填
easily
。
(
9
)考查
定语从句。句意:书面汉语也成为中国的现在与过去联系的重要手段。本句为
“
介词
+
关系代词
”
p>
结构定语从句修饰先行词
means
,且做
介词
by
的宾语,指代
“
手段
”
应用
关系代词
which
。故填
which
。
(
10
)考查名词。
work“
作品
”
,可数名词,根据
were
可知,应使用名词复数,故填
works
。
p>
【点评】本题考点涉及介词,时态语态
,非谓语动词,副词,形容词,名词,定语从句等
多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读
,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据
上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知
识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
6
.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(<
/p>
1
个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Boat
Building
is
a
long-winded
and
time-consuming
business,
even
when
________
is
going
down
the
slipway
is
a
small
craft
________(make)
from
modern
materials
such
as
fibreglass.
Construct a
mould(
模具
). Build up layers
of resin(
树脂
) and glass fibre
inside that mould. Extract
the
completed
structure
and
finish
it.
All
told,
it
can
take
months.
That,
________,
may
soon
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇:大学英语语言学练习题
下一篇:《英语语言学概论》题与答案(2)