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【英语】高考英语试题真题分类汇编翻译及解析
一、高中英语翻译
1
．
高中英语翻译题：
Tra
nslate the following sentences into English, using
the words given in
the
brackets.
1
．她五年前开
始拉小提琴。
(play)
2
．由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。
(owing)
3
．每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的
考验。
(stand)
4
．能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。
(It)
5
．在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子
们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。
(demonstrate)
【答案】
1
．
She began to
play the violin five years ago.
2
．
Owing to bad
weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of
hours.
3
．
Every designer
hopes that his work can stand the test of
time.
4
．
It is a
difficult problem for high school students whether
they can resist the temptation of
online games.
5
．
At the
exhibition, the company’s sales manager
demonstrated the new type of electronic toys
(which/that) children were looking
forward to.
【解析】
1
．根据
“
五
年前
”
确实时态，可知用一般过去时，注意短语
play the violin
。
【考点定位】考查动词时态、习语及表达能力。
2
．根据提示词可知，由于译为：
owing to
，此处
to
是介词。注意用被动语态，
因为航班
被推迟。
【考点定位】考查介词短语及被动语态。
3
．此句希望（
hope
）是谓语
动词，后接宾语从句。时态用一般现在时。
【考点定位】考查宾语从句及时态。
4
．此句
it
是形式主语，
whether
引导主语从句，时态一般现在时。短语：抵御诱惑
resist
the
temptation
。
【考点定位
】考查主语从句及形式主语
it
的用法。
5
．注意句子结构的安排，
“
孩子们翘首以盼的
”
应译为定语从句。时态
用一般过去时。
【考点定位】考查定语从句及相关短语的表达。
2
．
高中英
语翻译题：
Translate the following sentences
into English, using the words given in
the brackets.
1
．熬夜大大影响健康。
(affect)
_________________________
2
．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。
(by the time)
_________________________
3
．从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。
(capable)
_________________________
4
．据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏
自理能力。
(It)
_________________________
【答案】
1
．
Staying up late
affects one’s health greatly.
2
．
By the time he
comes back next year, the stadium will have been
set up.
3
．
In the long
run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the
more capable you are of dealing
with
the problems at work.
4
．
It is believed
that spoiling children too much may unconsciously
cause their bad temper, even
the lack
of ability to take care of themselves.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。
1
．考查非谓语动词。
affect
表示
“
影响
”
，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，
stay up
表示
“
熬
夜
”
，本句使用动名词作主语，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，注意动名词作主语时
谓
语动词用第三人称单数，故翻译为：
Staying up
late affects one’s health greatly.
2
．考查时态语态。
by the t
ime
引导的时间状语从句，表示将来的时间时，从句用一般现在
时，主句用将来完成时，
stadium
与
< br>set up
之间是被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语
态，故翻译为：
By the time he comes back next
year, the stadium will have been set
up.
3
．考查固定句式。
be
capable of
表示
“
能够
”
，根据句意可知本句使用
“the+
比较级，
the+
比
较级
”
结构，表示
“
越
……
，就越
……”
，陈述的是客观事实。用一般现在时，故翻译为：
In the
long run, the wider range of knowledge
you have, the more capable you are of dealing with
the
problems at work.
4
．考查形式主语和非谓语动词。
ability<
/p>
后用不定式作后置定语，
ability to do
表示
“
做
……
的
能力
”
，根据提示词可
知本句使用
it
作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的
that
从句，陈述的
是客观事实，用一般现在时，
故翻译为：
It is believed that spoiling
children too much may
unconsciously
cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability
to take care of themselves.
3
．
高中英语翻译题：
Translate the following sentences into
English, using the words given in
the
brackets.
1
．遇到突发危
险时，人会茫然不知所措，这是很正常的。
(which)
________________________
2
．一个人究竟怎样才能完成这样一个伟大的工程呢？
(How)
________________________
3
．在此之前，他从未和那位主编讨论过自己的新书。
(Not)
________________________
4
．情况是在不断地变化，要使自己的思想适应新的情况，就得学习。
(adapt)
________________________
【答案】
1
．
People may
get overwhelmed in the face of sudden dangers,
which is quite natural. / One
may get
at a loss when facing a sudden danger, which is
quite natural.
2
．
How on
earth can a person accomplish such a great
project? / How on earth can one
accomplish such a grand project?
3
．
Not until that moment had he ever talked about his
new book with that chief editor. Not
until this had he ever discussed his
new book with the chief editor.
4
．
The
situation is constantly changing. To adapt your
thinking to new situations, you have to
learn. / Situations are changing
continually, so we must study to adapt our
thinking to new
situations.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意一些固定短语和固定句型的使用。
<
/p>
1
．本题的难点在于用
which
引导非限定性定语从句，还要注意
at a
loss
或
get
overwhel
med
表示
“
不知所措
”
。
2
．本题的难点在于
on earth
表示
“
究竟
”
，用
such+a+
形容词
+
名词表示
“
一个如此<
/p>
……
的东
西
”<
/p>
。
3
．本题的难点在于
Not
until
位于句首，要用部分倒装。
4
．本题的难点在于用不定式作目的状语，而且还要注意
ad
apt…to…
表示
“
使
……
适应
……”
。
4
．
高中英语翻译题：
Translation
1
．不掌握大量词汇是无法学好一门外语的。（
without
）
2
．对于怎么解决我的问题，我的同事提出来很多建设性建议。
(as to
)
3
．她的演讲非常有趣，观众忍不
住时不时发出笑声。（
cannot
help
）
4
．生态保护对人类的福祈和未来至关重要，也孕育着世界发展的历史性机遇。
(bri
ng
about )
【答案】
1
．
There is no way
to lean a foreign language well without mastering
great amounts of
vocabulary.
2
．
As to how to
settle my problems my workmates supported many
constructive advice.
3
．
Her speech was
so amusing that the audience couldn’t help
bursting into laughter now and
then.
4
．
Ecological
protection is essential to human beings well-being
and future, which also brings
about the
historical opportunity of the world’s
development.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查学生对于词汇的应用能力和语句构造能力。
1
．考查固定句式和介词短语作原因状语。分析句子可知，可以使用固定
句式：
there is no
way to do,
意为
“
无法做某事
”
；提供介词
without
可以构成<
/p>
without+V-ing
宾语结构作原因状
语，意为
“
在没有
…
的情况下
”
，
再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：
There is no
way to lean a
foreign language well
without mastering great amounts of vocabulary.
。
2
．考查
固定结构和时态。分析句子可知，
as to
意为
“
对于
…”
，之后接名词
性短语。因此汉
语
“
怎么解决我的问题
”
，可以译为
“how to
settle my problems”,
分析可得时态为过去发生的
时间，用一般过去时。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：
As to how
to settle my problems
my workmates
supported many constructive
advice
。
3
< br>．考查固定结构和结果状语从句。分析句子可知，前后句为因果关系，可用
“so
…that”
句
式，译为
“
如此
,,,
以致于
…”,
所给动词词组
cannot help
为固定结构，之后接
+V-ing ,
译为
“
禁不
住做某事
< br>”
。结合语境表达，应为一般过去时态，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：
Her
speech was so amusing that
the a
udience couldn’t help bursting
into laughter now and then.
4
．考查固定结构和非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，
“
对
..
至关重要
”
可用词组
is essential
to,
主语为
Ecological
protection
，宾语为
human beings
well-being and future
，所提供固定结
构
bring about
可意为
“<
/p>
孕育
”
，且后半句可以用非限制性定语从
句翻译，先行词由
Ecological
protectio
n
充当。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：
Ecologica
l protection is essential to
human
beings well-being and future, which also brings
about the historical opportunity of the
world’s development.
【点睛】
第
4
小题属于难度较大题目，在词汇，句式，语法方面要求较高。词汇方面：
be essential
to
对
..
很重要，
bring about
引起，在做此题时，可以将题目一分为二：即：
1
）
生态保护对
人类的福祈和未来至关重
要。
2
）生态保护也孕育着世界发展的历史性机遇。分别翻译可
得：
Ecological
protection is essential to human beings well-being
and future
Ecological protection also brings about
the historical opportunity of the world’s
development.
确立先行词为
Ecological protection<
/p>
，第
2
句中作主语，用关系代词
which
引导。因此可以
翻译为：
Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future, which also
brings about the historical opportunity
of the world’s development.
5
．
高中英语翻译题：
Translate the following sentences into
English, using the words given in
the
brackets.
1
．他排了好几
个小时才买到这个新出的
iPhone
。（
release
）
2
．一件雕塑赠予了城市博物馆，以纪念两个城市间的珍贵友谊。（
pres
ent
）
3
．他一进饭店，就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。（
Hardly
）
4
．虽说忠言逆耳利于
行，这个年纪的孩子很叛逆，你越劝，他可能越不会听。（
advice
）
【答案】
1
．
He waited for
(several) hours in line/ queued for several hours
before he bought/ got the
newly-
released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for
hours in line, he finally bought the
newly-released iPhone.
2
．
A statue/
sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum
in this city in honour of/ in
memory
of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour
the valuable/ precious friendship
between the two cities.
3
．
Hardly had he
entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told
that he could order the
food by
scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile
phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR
code to order the food.
4
．
Although
faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to
ear but beneficial to one's behaviour,
children of this age are so rebellious
that the more advice you give him, the less likely
he is to
follow it./ The more you try
to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen
to you.
【解析】
1
．考查时态和过去分词作定语。根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是
一般过去时；
“
排
队
< br>”wait…in line/ queue
，
“
新出的
iPhone”the
newly
-released iPhone
，其中一个时间
状语从句
“
过了
……
< br>才
……”…before…
；本句还可用
“
排了好几小时队
”
的现在分
词形式作为伴随状语，再
结合其他汉语提示，本句可译为：
He
had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for
several
hours before he bought/ got the
newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after
waiting for hours in
line, he finally
bought the newly-released iPhone.
2
．考查被动语态和短语。根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去
时；
“
以纪念
”in
memory of/ in remembrance of/ to
commemorate/ to honor
，
“
珍贵的友谊
”precious/ valuable
friendship
，雕塑
(st
atue/sculpture)
和赠与
(present)<
/p>
之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动
语态，再结合其它汉语提
示，故本句可译为：
A statue/ sculpture was
presented to City
Musuem/ the museum in
this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in
remembrance of/ to
commemorate/ to
honour the valuable/ precious friendship between
the two cities.
3
．考查部分倒装和被动语态。根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；
“
一
……
就
……”h
ardly…when…
，
hardly
置于句首时要部分倒装，
“
告知某人做某事
< br>”inform/tell sb. to
do sth.
，
“
使用手机扫描二维码
”use
his mobile phone to scan the QR code/
sc
an the QR code
with his
mobile phone
，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：
Hardly had he entered the
restaurant
when he was informed / told that he could order
the food by scanning the code / QR
code
with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to
scan the QR code to order the food.
4
．考查让步状语从句和固定句型。根据提示可知，本句的基础时态是
一般现在时；
“
忠
言
< br>”faithful/ frank/ honest advice
，
“
越
……
越
……”the +
比较级，
the +
比较，
“
这个年纪的孩
子
”children of this age
，
“
很有可能做某事
”be likely to
do sth.
，
“
叛逆的
”rebellious
，
“
听取某人
的建议
”follow one's advic
e
，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：
Although
faithful/ frank/
honest advice is
unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's
behaviour, children of this age are so
rebellious that the more advice you
give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The
more you try to
persuade him, the less
likely he is to listen to you.
【点睛】
第三小题考查固定句型
hardly…when…“
一
……
就
……”
，该句型在时态上有要求，即主句用
现
在完成时，从句用一般过去时，如把
hardly
置于句首时，主语要部分倒装。例如：
I
had hardly fallen asleep when I lay on the
bed.
我一躺在床上就睡着了。
→Hardly had I fallen asleep when I lay
on the bed.
和它用法一样的句型还有
no sooner…than…
和
scarcely…when…
，例如：
I had no sooner fallen
asleep than I lay on the
bed.
我一躺在床上就睡着了。
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