-
2019
高考英语推理判断题挑战高分真题技法汇总
A
(2018·
北京，
C)
Plastic
－
Eating
Worms
greater
w
ax
moth
Humans
produce more than 300 million tons of plastic
every half of
that
winds
up
in
landfills(<
/p>
垃圾填埋场
)
，
and
up
to
12
million
tons
pollute
the
far
there is no effective way to get rid of
it
，
but a new study suggests
an
answer may lie in the stomachs of
some hungry worms.
Researchers in Spain
and England recently found that the worms of the
greater
wax
moth
can
break
down
polyethylene
，
which
accounts
for
40%
of
team left 100
wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping
bag for 12 hours
，
and the
worms consumed and broke down about 92
milligrams
，
or almost 3% of
confirm
that
the
worms
’
chewing
alone
was
not
responsible
for
the
polyethylene
breakdown
，
the
researchers made some worms into
paste(
糊状物
) and applied it to
plastic films.14 hours later the films
had lost 13% of their
mass
—
apparently broken
down by
enzymes(
酶
) from the
worms
’
findings
were published in
Current
Biology
in 2017.
Federica Bertocchini
，
co
－
author of the
study
，
says the
worms
’
ability to
break
down their everyday food
—
beeswax
—
also
allows them to break down
plastic.
“
Wax
is a
complex mixture
，
but the
basic bond in
polyethylene
，
the
carbon
－
carbon
bond
，
is
there
as
well
，”
she
explains.
“
The
wax
worm
evolved
a
method
or
system
to
break
this bond.
”
Jennifer
DeBruyn
，
a microbiologist at
the University of
Tennessee
，
who was not
involved
in
the
study
，
says
it
is
not
surprising
that
such
worms
can
break
down
compared
with
previous
studies
，
she
finds
the
speed
of
breaking
down
in this one next
step
，
DeBruyn
says
，
will be to identify the
cause
of
the
it
an
enzyme
produced
by
the
worm
itself
or
by
its
gut
microbes(
肠道微生物
)
< br>？
Bertocchini agrees and
hopes her team
’
s findings
might one day help employ
the enzyme to
break down plastics in she expects using the
chemical in
some kind of industrial
process
—
not simply
“
millions of worms thrown on
top of
the
plastic.
”
文章大意：
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一项科学发现：一种吃塑料的
虫子<
/p>
——
大蜡螟，它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，从而为人们解决塑料污染
问题提
供新的途径。
?
What can we
learn about the worms in the
study
？
__C__
A
．
They take
plastics as their everyday food.
B
．
They are newly
evolved creatures.
C
．
They can
consume plastics.
D
．
They wind up in
landfills.
解析：
推理判断题。
< br>根据第二段第一句
“
...found that
the worms of the greater
wax moth can
break down polyethylene...
”
和
第二句中的
the worms consumed and
broke down about 92 milligrams
可知，研究人员在研究中发现大蜡螟蠕虫可以分
解塑料中的聚乙烯，显然也可以分解
垃圾中的塑料，与选项
C
中提到的
“<
/p>
吃塑
料
”
吻合。
?
According to Jennifer
DeBruyn
，
the next step of the
study is to __B__ .
A
．
identify other
means of the breakdown
B
．
find out the
source of the enzyme
C
．
confirm the
research findings
D
．
increase the
breakdown speed
解析：
细节理解题。根据第
四段最后两句
“
The
next
step...Is
it
an
enzyme
produced by the worm
itself or by its gut microbes
？
”
可知，接下来人们需要证实
的就是酶是从哪里产生的。选
项
B
“
查明酶的来源
< br>”
与此吻合。
?
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph
that
the
chemical
might
__D__ .
A
．
help to raise
worms
B
．
help make
plastic bags
C
．
be
used to clean the oceans
D
．
be produced in
factories in future
解析：
推理判断题
。
根据最后一段第二句
“
But
she expects using the chemical
in some
kind of industrial
process
—
not simply
’
millions of worms...
’”
可知，研
究人员期望不仅仅能用大蜡螟蠕虫去清理
塑料垃圾，也期望在某种工业流程中
用这种化学制品，这与选项
D
中提到的
“
今后工厂可能生产这种化
学制品
”
吻
合。
?
What is the
main purpose of the passage
？
__C__
A
．
To explain a
study method on worms.
B
．
To introduce
the diet of a special worm.
C
．
To present a
way to break down plastics.
D
．
To propose new
means to keep eco
－
balance. <
/p>
解析：
推理判断题。作者通过本文介绍了一项消除塑料垃圾的研究
，显然
是为人们提供了一条清除塑料垃圾的新途径。选项
C
与此意吻合。
B
(2018·
全国Ⅱ，
C)
Teens
and
younger
children
are
reading
a
lot
less
for
fun
，
according
to
a
Common Sense
Media report published Monday.
While
the decline over the past decade is steep for teen
readers
，
some data in the
report shows that reading remains a big
part of many children
’
s
lives
，
and indicates
how parents might help encourage more
reading.
According to the
report
’
s key
findings
，“
the
proportion(
比例
)who say
they
’
hardly
ever
’
read for fun has gone
from 8 percent of 13
－
year
－
olds and 9 percent of
< br>17
－
year
－
olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent
respectively today.
”
The report data shows that pleasure
reading levels for younger
children
，
ages
2
—
8
，
remai
n largely the the amount of time spent in reading
each session
has
declined
，
from closer to an
hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and
reading
，
the report does
little to counsel(
建
议
< br>)parents
looking
for
data
about the effect of
e
－
readers
and
tablets on
does point out that many parents still
limit electronic
reading
，
mainly due to
concerns
about increased screen time.
The
most
hopeful
data
shared
in
the
report
shows
clear
evidence
of
parents
serving
as
examples
and
important
guides
for
their
kids
when
it
comes
to
shows
that
kids
and
teens
who
do
read
frequently
，<
/p>
compared
to
infrequent
readers
，
have more books in
the home
，
more books
purchased for them
，
parents
who read more often
，
and
parents who set aside time for them to read.
As
the
end
of
school
approaches
，
and
school
vacation
reading
lists
loo
m(
逼
近
)ahead
，
parents
might
take
this
chance
to
step
in
and
make
their
own
summer
reading list and plan a family trip to
the library or bookstore.
文章大意：
< br>本文是一篇议论文。一份调查报告显示，尽管阅读在很多孩子
的生活中仍然是很重
要的一部分，但是进行趣味性阅读的青少年人数在减少。
要想改变这种状况，父母应该在
阅读方面起示范作用，成为重要的引导者。
?
What is the
Common Sense Media report probably
about
？
__A__
A
．
Chi
ldren
’
s reading habits.
B
．
Quality of
children
’
s books.
C
．
Children
’
s after
－
class
activities. D
．
Parent
< br>－
child relationships.
解析：
推理判断题。关于题干提到的这份报告，第二、三段说孩子们的趣
味性阅读减少了，几乎不进行趣味性阅读的人数增加了，第五、六段提到电子
书的阅读
以及父母的榜样作用，从这些信息推断，这份报告研究的内容是孩子
们的阅读习惯，因此
选
A
。
?
Where can you
find the data that best supports
“
children are reading
a lot less for
fun
”
？
__B__
A
．
In paragraph 2.
C
．
In
paragraph 4.
B
．
In
paragraph 3.
D
．
In
paragraph 5.
解析：
推理判断题。第三段说几乎
不进行趣味性阅读的孩子的人数比例上
升了，因此这一段说的是孩子们趣味性阅读的情况
减少了。这与题干中的
“
孩
子们趣味性
阅读的情况减少了
”
相吻合。
?
Why do many
parents limit electronic
reading
？
__C__
A
．
E
－
books are of poor quality.
B
．
It could be a
waste of time.
C
．
It may harm
children
’
s health.
D
．
E
－
readers are expensive.
解析：
推理
判断题。第五段提到科技产品与阅读的关系，说这份报告几乎
没有建议父母去了解电子读
物和平板电脑对阅读的影响，但是提到许多父母因
为注意到孩子看屏幕的时间在不断增加
，就对电子书的阅读进行限制。从这些
信息看，父母这样做的原因是从孩子的身心健康方
面去考虑的，因此选
C
。
?
How should
parents encourage their children to read
more
？
__A__
A
．
Act
as role models for them.
B
．
Ask them to
write book reports.
C
．
Set up reading
groups for them.
D
．
Talk with their
reading class teachers.
解析：
推
理判断题。关于父母怎样鼓励孩子多读书，第六段说，在阅读方
面父母能给孩子树立榜样
，成为重要的引导者，并且指出，读书多的孩子，他
们的父母经常阅读，还给孩子留出读
书的时间。由此推断选
A
“
成为他们的
榜
样
”
。
名
师
点
津
推理判断题属于主观性较强的深层阅读理解题。主要考查根据文章的字面
意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓
意等，
在高考中比重较大，在议论文中尤为常见。做题时应该注意：
1
．
明晰两种常见设问方式：
(1)
常以
infer
，
imply
，
suggest
，
conclude
，
learn
，
intend
，
mean
，
describe
，
purpose
等词提问。
(2)
提问中含有表示推测的情态动词，如
can
，
could
，
might
，
would
等和其
他表示可能性的副词，如
probably
，
possibly
等。
2
．
判断两类正确选项特征：
(1)
不是文中直接或明确说明的内容，
是间接表达出来的，除符合文章主旨
外，还符合逻辑，让考生有推敲的余地。
(2)
正确选项大多含义深刻，不是常识选项。
3
．
识别四
类干扰选项特点：
(1)
夸大事实：
对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面进行了夸大处理。
(2)<
/p>
无中生有：捏造原文并不存在的信息，并以此作为依据进行推理。
(3)
掺入常识：考生已有的常识是正确的，但不是基于文章。
(4)
推理过度：引申过度，使结论
过于绝对化。
4
．
< br>推理特别注意
3
点：
(1)
直接陈述文章内容的选项不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项
。
(2)
推理不是凭空猜测，而是立
足已知推断未知，因此正确选项一定能在文
中找到依据或理由。
(3)
不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法，因此脱离原文的主观
臆断都是错误
的。
1
．
隐含推断题
→“
逻辑关联
”
得结论
<
/p>
关键词：
☆
阅读题干，锁定信息段落
☆
详读信息段，领悟隐含意义
☆
比对选项，进行推断
这类题要求考生对作者没有明确说明的事实信息和思想倾向作出合理的推
断。
(1)
抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向
推理：
要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，
即某些关键词或短语
去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理。
(2)
整合全文
(
段
)<
/p>
信息进行推断：有时需要在弄懂全文
(
段
)
意思的基础上，整
合与题目相关的有
用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。
(3)
以事实为依据：
推断一定要以文章所提供的事实为依据，不能凭空想象
，
这样才能做出合理的推断。
典例
(2018·
< br>全国Ⅰ，
C
片段
)
Languages have been coming and going
for thousands of years
，
but
in recent
times
there
has
been
less
coming
and
a
lot
more
the
world
was
still
populated by hunter
－
gatherers
，
small
，
tightly knit
(
联系
) groups developed their
own patterns of speech independent of
each language experts believe that
10,000 years
ago
，
when the world had just
five to ten million
people
，
they spoke
perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
◆
What can we infer about
languages in hunter
－
gatherer
times
？
A
．
They developed
very fast.
C
．
They
had similar patterns.
[
解题思路
]
第一步
确定题干中的关键信息
__languages_in_hunter
－
gather_times__
第二步
定位到原文信息句，并标出进行推断的关键词
__Some_language_experts_bel
ieve_that_10,000_years_ago
when_the_worl
d_had_just_five_to_ten_million_people
th
ey_spoke_perhaps_12,000_languages_between_them.__
第三步
进行合理推断得出答案
__B__
2
．
观点态
度类
→“
言为心声
”
< br>求褒贬
关键词：
☆
阅读题干，找准关键词
☆
速读文章，寻找作者对某事物所持
观点态度的语段
☆
体会字里行间流露的情感，与选项进行比对
文章作者或者文中人物对某事物所持的态度或者观点往往隐含在字里行间
或者流露于修饰词之中，这就要注意作者或文中人物的措辞。
①
正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思。切不可用自己的观点来代替作
者或文中人物的观点。
②
< br>留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。
③
结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等的背景知识来
，
，
B
．
They were large in number.
D
．
They were
closely connected.
进行合理的推断。
作者或者文中人物的态度和观点无非就是三类：支持、赞同、乐观；反对、
批评、怀疑、悲观；中立、客观。熟悉如下有关作者情感、态度的词语。
<
/p>
褒
义
词
：
supportive(
支
持
的
)
，
positive(<
/p>
积
极
的
)
，
optimistic(
乐
观
的
)
，
enthusiastic(
热情的
)
等。
贬义语：
negative
(
否定的，消极的
)
，
ironic(
讽刺的
)
，<
/p>
critical(
批评的
)
，
disgusted(
厌恶的
< br>)
，
disappointed(
失望的
)
等。
中性词：
indifferent(
漠不关心的
)
，
uninterested(
不感兴趣的
)
，
object
ive(
客观
的
)
，
neutral(
中立的
)
等。
典例
(2017·
< br>全国卷Ⅰ，
B
片段
)
I
work
with
V
olunteers
for
Wildlife
，
a
rescue
and
education
organization
at
Bailey Arboretum in
Locust to help
injured
，
displaced or sick
creatures
can be
heartbreaking
；
survival is never
r
，
when it
works
，
it is simply
beautiful.
A nervous night
to be sure
，
but sometimes the
spirits of nature smile on us
all
！
The
homeowner called to say that the parents had
responded to the recordings.I drove
over
and
saw
the
chick
in
the
nest
looking
healthy
and
it
was
accompanied in the nest by the greatest
sight of all
—
LUNCH
！
The parents had
done their duty and would probably
continue to do so.
◆
How
would the author feel about the outcome of the
event
？
A
．
It
’
s
unexpected.
C
．
It
’
s humorous.
[
解题思路
]
第一步
确定题干中的关键词
B
．
It
’
s
beautiful.
D
．
It
’
s discouraging.
__the_outcome_of_the_event__
第二步
定位到原文信息句，并标出进行推断的关键词
①
However
< br>，
when
it
works
，
it
is
simply
beautif
ul
.
②
A
nervous
night
to
be
sure
，
but
sometimes the spirits of nature
smile
on us
all
！
第三步
进行合理推断得出答案
__B__
3
．
写作意
图类
→“
文体特点
”
< br>寻意图
关键词：
☆
通读全文，确定文章体裁
☆
记叙文表达情感或者某个道理；
应用文推销或者介绍；说明文展示用途或者过程；议
论文论述道理或者表达观
点
要做好写
作目的题，首先要确定文章的体裁，因为不同的文体，写作目的
不同。
< br>
常见文体的写作特点
(1)
记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性的语言，且往往有
< br>一定的哲理性，所有的叙述都围绕该哲理展开。
(2)
广告类应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显
< br>支持倾向的语言。
(3)
说明
文：写作目的有赖于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题句。
(4)
议论文：提出论点
——
进行
论证
——
得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于
最后一部分中。
典例
(2017·
< br>全国Ⅰ，
A
片段
)
Support Pacific Science
Center
Since
1962
，
Pacific
Science
Center
has
been
inspiring
a
passion(
热情
)
for
discovery
and
lifelong
learning
in
science
，
math
and
，
Pacific
Science Center serves more than 1.3
million people a year and brings
inquiry
－
based
science education to classrooms and
community events all over Washington
’
s an amazing accomplishment
and one we cannot achieve without generous support
from
individuals
，
corporations
，
and
other
social
pacificsciencecenter
，
org
to
find
various
ways
you
can
support
Pacific
Science
Center.
◆
What is
the purpose of the last part of the
text
？
A
．
To encourage
donations.
B
．
To
advertise coming events.
C
．
To introduce
special exhibits.
D
．
To tell about
the Center
’
s history.
[
解题思路
]
第一步
速读文章，找出相关信息句，标出关键词
①
__we_cannot_ach
ieve_without_generous_support_from_individuals
，
_corporations
，
_and_other_social_organizations.__
②
__V
isit_pacificsciencecenter
，
_o
rg_to_find_various_ways_you_can_support_Pacific_Sc
ience_Center.__
第二步
与选项进行对比得出答案
尝试解答：
__A__
[
干扰项分析
]
该部分的写作目的是鼓励人们以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心，也就是鼓
励人们捐款
，故选
A
项。
B
、
C
两项无中生有，该部分没有提
到“宣传即将举行的活动”和“介绍特
殊的展览”。
D
项曲解文意，该部分提到了自
1962
年以来太
平洋科学中心做的
事情，但这不是为了讲述该中心的历史，而是为下文鼓励人们捐款作铺
垫。
4
．
文
章出处题
→“
语言特色
”
推出处
(1)
具备一定常识：
考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来
做出
正确的判断。
(2)
了解语言特色：
要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说
明、
操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章
的语言特色和其
专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。
典例
(2015·
< br>广东高考，
B
片段
)
When I grew up and entered the business
world
，
I remember hearing my
first
boss
say
，“
We all need to think
like salespeople.
”
But it
didn
’
t completely make
dad never once
said
，“
If you want to catch a
fish you need to think like a
fisherman.
”
What
he said was
，“
You need to
think like a fish.
”
Years
later
，
with
great
efforts
to
promote
long
－
term
services
to
people
much
older
and
richer
than
me
，
I gradually
learned what we all need is to think more like is
not an
easy job.I will show you how in
the following chapters.
◆
This passage most likely
comes from ________ .
A
．
a fishing guide
C
．
a novel on
childhood
[
解题思路
]
第一步
确定题干中的关键信息
__comes_from__
第二步
定位到原文信息句，并标出关键词
Years later
，
with
great efforts to
promote
long
－
term
services
to people much
older and richer than
me
，
I gradually learned what
we all need is to
think more like
customers
.It is not an easy
job.I will show you how
in the
following chapters
.
第三步
进行合理推断得出答案
__B__
B
．
a popular sales
book
D
．
a
millionaire
’
s biography
A
(2018·
全国Ⅲ，
C)
While
famous
foreign
architects
are
invited
to
lead
the
designs
of
landmark
buildings
in
China
such
as
the
new
CCTV
tower
and
the
National
Center
for
the
Performing
Arts
，
many excellent Chinese
architects are making great efforts to take
the center stage.
Their
efforts
have
been
proven
Shu
，
a
49
－
year
－
old
Chinese
architect
，
won the
2012 Pritzker Architecture
Prize
—
which is often
referred to as the
Nobel Prize in
architecture
—
on February is
the first Chinese citizen to win this
award.
Wang serves as head
of the Architecture Department at the China
Academy of
Art (CAA).His office is
located at the Xiangshan campus
(
校园
) of the university in
Hangzhou
，
Zhejiang
buildings
on
the
campus
are
his
original
creations.
The
style
of
the
campus
is
quite
different
from
that
of
most
Chinese
visitors
were
amazed
by
the
complex
architectural
space
and
abundant building
curves (
曲线
) of the buildings
perfectly match the rise
and fall of
hills
，
forming a unique view.
Wang collected more than 7 million
abandoned bricks of different asked
the
workers
to
use
traditional
techniques
to
make
the
bricks
into
walls
，
roofs
and
creation attracted a
lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern
and
traditional Chinese elements
(
元素
).
Wang
’
s works show
a deep understanding of modern architecture and a
good
knowledge
of
h
such
a
balance
，
he
had
created
a
new
type
of
Chinese
architecture
，
said Tadao
Ando
，
the winner of the 1995
Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes
traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at
museums.
“
That
is
only evidence that traditions once
existed
，”
he said.
“
Many
Chinese
people
have
a
misunderstanding
of
think
tradition
means old things from the
fact
，
tradition also refers
to the things that
have been developing
and that are still being
created
，”
he said.
“
Today
，
many
Chinese people are learning Western styles and
theories rather
than focusing on
Chinese people tend to talk about traditions
without
knowing what they really
are
，”
said Wang.
The
study
of
traditions
should
be
combined
with
ise
，
the
recreation of traditions would be
artificial and empty
，
he
said.
文章大意：
本文是一篇记叙文，题材是人物报道。
文章报道了
2012
年度建
筑界的最高
奖项
——
普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对建筑艺
术
创新的体会。
?
Wang
’
s winning of
the prize means that Chinese architects are
__B__ .
A
．
following the
latest world trend
B
．
getting
international recognition
C
．
working harder
than ever before
D
．
relying on
foreign architects
解析：
推理判断题。
第一段是文章的中心段，第二段讲述了中国建筑设计
师获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖
——
普利兹克奖，这个例子是用来说明第一段后半
句的：许多优秀的中国建筑设计师正进入世界建筑设计舞台的中心，故选
B
。
?
What impressed visitors to the CAA
Xiangshan campus most
？
__C__
A
．
Its hilly
environment.
C
．
Its unique
style.
B
．
Its
large size.
D
．
Its
diverse functions.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据题干中关键词
CAA Xiangshan campus
可迅速定位
到第三段，顺着往下找，根据第四段第一句中的
qu
ite
different
from
，第二句中
的
were amazed
和第三句中的
unique view
可知它独一无二的风格给人留下了深
刻印象，故选
C
。
?
What made Wang
’
s
architectural design a
success
？
__D__
A
．
The
mixture of different shapes.
B
．
The balance of
East and West.
C
．
The use of
popular techniques.
D
．
The harmony of
old and new.
解析：
细节理解题。根据第五段第
三句
“
This
creation
attracted
a
lot
of
attention thanks to its
mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements
.
”
和第六
段第二句中的
through
such
a
balance
，
he
had
created
a
new
type
of
Chinese
architecture
< br>可知传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘密，故选
D
。
?
What should we do about Chinese
traditions according to
Wang
？
__D__
A
．
Spread them to
the world.
B
．
Preserve them
at museums.
C
．
Teach them in
universities.
D
．
Recreate them
in practice.
解析：
观点态度题。根据文章最后
一段第一句中
be
combined
with
practice
和第二句中
the
recreation of traditions
可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传
统进行
再创新，故选
D
。
B
(2018·
天津，
B)
When I was 17
，
I
read a magazine article about a museum called the
McNay
，
once
the
home
of
a
watercolorist
named
Marian
had
requested
the
community to turn it into a museum upon
her a sunny Saturday
，
Sally
and I
drove over to the
asked
，“
Do you have the addre
ss
？”“
No
，
but I
’
ll recognize
it
，
there was a picture in
the magazine.
”
“
Oh
，
it is
！”
The
museum was
entered
，
excited.A group of
people sitting in the hall
stopped
talking and stared at us.
“
May
I
help
you
？”
a
man
asked.
“
No
，”
I
said.
“
We
’
re
fine.
”
Tour
guides got on my if
they talked a long time about a painting you
weren
’
t that interested
in
？
Sally had gone people in
the hall seemed very nosy
(
爱
窥探的
)
，
keeping
their eyes on me with was their
problem
？
I saw
some
nice
sculptures
in
one
ly
I
sensed
a
man
standing
behind
me.
“
Where do you
think you are
？”
he asked.I
turned sharply.
“
The McNay
Art
Museum
！
”
He smiled
，
shaking his
head.
“
Sorry
，
the McNay is on New Braunfels
Street.
”
< br>“
What
’
s
this
place
？”
I
asked
，
still
confused.
“
Well
< br>，
it
’
s
our
home.
”
My heart
jolted (
震颤
).I raced to the
staircase and called out
，
“
Sally
！
Come
down
immediately
！”
“
There
’
s some really
good stuff (
艺术作品
) up
there.
”
She stepped
down
，
looking confused.I
pushed her toward the front
door
，
waving at the family
，
saying
，
“
Sorry
，
please
forgive us
，
you have a really
nice place.
”
Outside
，
when I told Sally
what happened
，
she
covered her mouth
，
couldn
’
t believe how long
they
let us look around without saying
anything.
The
real
McNay
was
splendid
，
but
we
felt
nervous
the
whole
time
we
were
Gogh
，
time
，
we stayed
together
，
in case anything
else unusual
happened.
Thirty years
later
，
a woman approached me
in a public place.
“
Excuse
me
，
did
you ever
enter a residence
，
long
ago
，
thinking it was the
McNay Museum
？”
“
how do you
know
？
We never told
anyone.
”
“
That was my home.I was a
teenager sitting in the you came
over
，
I never realized what a
beautiful place I lived in.I never felt lucky
thought
it was a feelings about my
home changed after that.I
’
ve
always wanted
to thank
you.
”
文章大意：
本文是一篇记叙文。如果你误把一户人家当成博物馆且四处参
观，会是怎样一
种奇特的经历呢？让我们读一下文章，看一看作者的亲身体验
吧。
?
What do we
know about Marian McNay
？
__A__
A
．
She was a
painter.
B
．
She
was a community leader.
C
．
She was a
museum director.
D
．
She was a
journalist.
解析：
细节理解题。根据第一段中的
watercolorist(
水彩画家
)
以及下文
“
去
博物馆看画
”
知，
Marian
McNay
是一位
painter (
画家
)
，故答案为
A
< br>。
a
community
leader
“
社区领导
”
；
a
museum <
/p>
director
“
博物馆主管
”
；
a
journa
list
“
记者
”
。
?
Why did the author refuse the help from
the man in the house
？
__D__
A
．
She disliked
people who were nosy.
B
．
She felt
nervous when talking to strangers.
C
．
She knew more
about art than the man.
D
．
She mistook him
for a tour guide.
解析：
细节理解题。根
据第四段中的
“
Tour guides got on my
nerves.(
导游令
我烦扰
)
”
知，
“
我
”
把那个人误认为是导游了，故答案为
D
。
A
项
“
她不喜欢
爱窥探的人
”
，曲解文意；
B
项
“
< br>与陌生人交谈时她感到紧张
”
，无中生有；
C
项
“
她比那个人更懂艺术
”
，无中生有。
?
How did the
author feel about being stared at by the people in
the hall
？
__A__
A
．
Puzzled.
C
．
Frightened.
B
．
Concerned.
D
．
Delighted.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第四段中
“
我
”
被那些人盯着时的疑
惑
“
What was
their
problem
？
”
< br>及后文中的
still
confused
可知，
“
我
”
感到很困惑
(puzzled)
，
< br>故答案为
A
。
?
Why
did
the
author
describe
the
real
McNay
museum
in
just
a
few
words
？
__D__
A
．
The real museum
lacked enough artwork to interest her.
B
．
She was too
upset to spend much time at the real museum.
C
．
The McNay was
disappointing compared with the house.
D
．
The event
happening in the house was more significant.
解析：
推理判断题。下文提到
30
年后
“
我
”
< br>偶遇那户人家的一个孩子，她
说
“
我
”
把她家误认为博物馆使她看到了它的美丽，由此可知，本
文作者不是
重点描述
McNay
博物馆
，
而是描述这次突发事件带来的影响，
故答案为
D
“
房
子里发生的事更重要
”
。
?
What could we
learn from the last
paragraph
？
__C__
A
．
People should
have good taste to enjoy life.
B
．
People should
spend more time with their family.
C
．
People tend to
be blind to the beauty around them.
D
．
People tend to
educate teenagers at a museum.
解析：
推理判断题。从最后一段中那个女士的话
“
在你进
来之前，我从未
意识到我住的是个美丽的地方，我以前从未感到过幸运
< br>”
可推知，人们往往会
忽视自己周围事物的美。
真题题组
A
(2017·
全国Ⅲ，
B)
Minutes after the last movie ended
yesterday at the Plaza
Theater
，
employees
were
busy
sweeping
up
popcorns
and
gathering
coke
was
a
scene
that
had
been
repeated many times in the
theater
’
s
75
－
year time
，
however
，
the
cleanup was a little one group of
workers carried out the
rubbish
，
another
group
began
removing
seats
and
other
theater
equipment
in
preparation
for
the
building
’
s end.
The
film
classic
The
Last
Picture
Show
was
the
last
movie
shown
in
the
old
the movie is 30 years
old
，
most of the 250 seats
were filled with teary
－
eyed
audience
wanting
to
say
good
－
bye
to
the
old
r
owner
Ed
Bradford said he chose the movie
because it seemed movie is set in a
small town where the only movie theater
is preparing to close down.
Bradford
said that large modern theaters in the city made
it impossible for the
Plaza to added
that the theater
’
s
location(
位置
) was also a
reason.
“
This
used
to be the center of town
，”
he
said.
“
Now the area is
mostly office buildings
and
warehouses.
”
Last
week some city officials suggested the city might
be interested in turning
the old
theater into a museum and public meeting
r
，
these plans were
abandoned
because
of
financial
rd
sold
the
building
and
land
to
a
local development
firm
，
which plans to build a
shopping complex on the land where
the
theater is located.
The theater
audience said good
－
bye as
Bradford locked the doors for the last
75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last
theater will be
missed.
文章大意
：
本文讲述的是拥有
75
年历史的广场
剧院在放映完最后一部电影
后即将关闭以及市民对它的不舍之情。
?
In what way
was yesterday
’
s cleanup at
the Plaza special
？
__B__
A
．
It made room
for new equipment.
B
．
It signaled the
closedown of the theater.
C
．
It was done
with the help of the audience.
D
．
It marked the
75th anniversary of the theate.
解析：
考查推理判断。根据第一段的最后一句
“
As
one
group
of
workers
carried
out
the
rubbish
，
another
group
began
removing
seats
and
other
theater
equipment in preparation for the
building
’
s end
”
可推断出，
工人们清理垃圾和清除
座位及其
他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭作准备。故选
B
。
?
Why was
The
Last
Picture
Sho
w
put
on
？
__D__
A
．
It
was an all
－
time classic.
B
．
It was about
the history of the town.
C
．
The audience
requested it.
D
．
The theater
owner found it suitable.
解析：
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“
Theater owner
Ed Bradford said he
chose the movie
because it seemed appropriate
”
可知，剧院的老板亲自选定了
The
Last
Picture
Sho
w
这
部
电
< br>影
，
因
为
他
认
为
这
部
电
影
很
适
合
。
原
文
中
的
“
appropr
iate
”
和
D
选项的
“
suitable
”
都表示
“
合适的
”<
/p>
。故选
D
。
?
What will
probably happen to the
building
？
__C__
A
．
It
will be repaired.
B
．
It will be
turned into a museum.
C
．
It will be
knocked down.
D
．
It will be sold
to the city government.
解析：
考
查推理判断。第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，
该公司计划在剧院所在地
建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。
故选
C
。
?
What can we infer about the
audience
？
__B__
A
．
They are
disappointed with Bradford.
B
．
They are sad to
part with the old theater.
C
．
They are
supportive of the city officials.
D
．
They are eager
to have a shopping center.
解析：
考查推理判断。
根据第二段第二句
“
Though the movie is 30 years
old
，
most of the 250 seats
were filled with teary
－
eyed
audience wanting to say
good
－
bye to the old building
”
可知，观众含泪观看最后一部电影，想向剧院告别；再
结合最后一段最后一句
“
The
theater
will
be <
/p>
missed
”
可以推断出观众对剧院恋
恋不舍，与剧院告别让他们感到很悲伤。故选
B
。
B
(2017·
全国Ⅲ，
C)
After
years
of
heated
debate
，
gray
wolves
were
reintroduced
to
Yellowstone
National en
wolves were caught in Canada and transported to
the
last
year
，
the Yellowstone wolf
population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and
there in the Yellowstone area and much of
the
continental
United
States
，
but
they
were
gradually
displaced
by
human
the
1920s
，
wolves had practically
disappeared from the Yellowstone
went
farther north into the deep forests of
Canada
，
where there were
fewer
humans around.
The
disappearance
of
the
wolves
had
many
unexpected
and
elk
populatio
ns
——
major
food
sources(
来
源
)
for
the
wolf
——
grew
animals consumed large
amounts of vegetation (
植被
)
，
which reduced plant diversity
in
the
the
absence
of
’
wolves
，
c
oyote
populations
also
grew
coyotes
killed a large percentage of the
park
’
s red
foxes
，
and completely drove
away
the park
’
s
beavers.
As
early
as
1966
，
biologists
asked
the
government
to
consider
reintroducing
wolves to Yellowstone hoped that
wolves would be able to control the elk
and coyote farmers opposed the plan
because they feared that wolves
would
kill their farm animals or pets.
The
government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a
plan to reintroduce the
U
．
and Wildlife Service
carefully monitors and manages the wolf
packs
in
，
the
debate
continues
over
how
well
the
gray
wolf
is
fitting in at
，
deer
，
and coyote
populations are down
，
while
beavers
and
red
foxes
have
made
a
Yellowstone
wolf
project
has
been
a
valuable
experiment to help biologists decide whether to
reintroduce wolves to other
parts of
the country as well.
文章大意：
本文
是一篇说明文。在争议了几年之后黄石国家公园终于把灰
狼重新引入公园，以保持公园内
生态的平衡。
?
What is the text mainly
about
？
__D__
A
．
Wildlife
research in the United States.
B
．
Plant diversity
in the Yellowstone area.
C
．
The conflict
between farmers and gray wolves.
D
．
The
reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
解析：
考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文主要谈了将灰狼重新引入黄石
国家公园的原因以及这一举措的成效等，故选
D
。
?
What
does
the
underlined
word
“
displaced
”
in
paragraph
2
mean
？
__C__
A
．
Tested.
B
．
Separated.
C
．
Forced out.
D
．
Tracked down. <
/p>
解析：
考查词义猜测。由第二段第一句话可知，曾经黄石公园里有
灰狼，
下文提到但后来由于人类的发展灰狼数量逐渐减少，几乎消失了，因此可以推
出，
displaced
意为
“
被迫离开
”
，故选
C
。
?
What did the
disappearance of gray wolves bring
about
？
__A__
A
．
Damage to local
ecology.
B
．
A decline in
the park
’
s income.
C
．
Preservation of
vegetation.
D
．
An increase in
the variety of animals.
解析：
考
查推理判断。第三段提到由于灰狼的消失，鹿和麋鹿的数量快速
增长，消耗了大量的植被
，减少了植物种类同时丛林狼的数量增多，园内很多
的红狐被猎杀，而河狸也完全消失了
，由此推断出灰狼的消失对公园内的生态
环境产生了损害。故选
A
。
?
What is the
author
’
s attitude towards
the Yellowstone wolf
project
？
__B__
A
．
Doubtful.
C
．
Disapproving.
B
．
Positive.
D
．
Uncaring.
解析：
考查观点态度。
根据第五段最后一句中的<
/p>
“
a valuable experiment
”
可
知，作者认为这项工程很有价值，因此他的态度应
当是积极肯定的。故选
B
。
C
(2017·
北京，
C)
Measles(
麻疹
)
，
which
once
killed
450
children
each
year
and
disabled
even
more
，
was nearly
wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the
universal use of
the MMR
vaccine(
疫苗
).But the disease
is making a comeback
，
caused
by a growing
anti
－
vaccine
movement
and
misinformation
that
is
spreading
y
this
year
，
115 measles
cases have been reported in the
USA
，
compared with 189 for
all of