高考英语阅读理解专题-推理判断题(含解析)

如意、

阖家欢

乐！ 祝

福同学

们快乐

成长，

能够取

得好成

绩，为

祖国奉< /p>

献力量

祝福您及

家人身

< br>体健康、万

事如意、

阖家欢

乐！ 祝福

同学们

快乐成

长，能够

成绩，

handwriting so you can read your notes later. It's a good idea to keep your notes organized by

subject.

Plan ahead for tests and projects

Waiting until Thursday night to study for Friday's test will make it hard to do your best. One of

the best ways to make sure that doesn't happen is to plan ahead. Write down your test dates. You

can then plan how much to do after school each day, and how much time to spend on each topic.

Break it up

When there's a lot to study, it can help to break things into several parts. Let's say you have a

spelling test on 20 words. Instead of thinking about all of the words at once, try breaking them

down into five- word groups and work on one or two different groups each night.

Ask for help

You can't study effectively if you don't understand the material. Be sure to ask your teacher for

help. If you're at home when the confusion occurs, your mom or dad might be able to help.

Sleep tight

So the test is tomorrow and you've followed your study plan

—

but suddenly you can't

remember anything! Don't panic. Your brain needs time to digest all the information you've given

it. Try to get a good night's sleep and you'll be surprised by what comes back to you in the

morning.

（

1

）

We know from the passage that a loud person is ________.

A. a student who always answers questions loudly in class

B. someone who likes to talk

with others in a loud voice

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C. a student who likes speaking with others in class

D. a person who makes a lot of noise in

public places

（

2

）

If you don't understand what you have learnt, you can ________.

A. read your notes over and over again B. turn to people around you for help

C. put aside the material for later review

D. ask your teacher to explain it the next day

（

3

）

By saying “Sleep tight”, what does the author mean?

A. Sleep again after waking up. B. Sleep holding your breath deep.

C. Get a good night's sleep. D. Go to sleep early every night.

2.

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸

上将该 选项标号涂黑。

B

Have you ever wondered why the roots of the plants always know which way to grow

—

into

the soil but not above it? Some British scientists have recently solved this mystery.

It turns out that roots have special hairs that tie them into the soil and help them grow their

way past obstacles, a team at the John Inners Center in Norwich reports in the February 29 issue

of Journal Science.

有绒毛的

) coat of hairs on the roots of plants,

Dolan.

become longer when their path is clear.

Root hairs explore the soil in much the same way a person would feel their way in the dark. If

they come across an obstacle, they make their way around until they can continue growing in an

opening. I the meantime, the plant is held in place as the hairs grip the soil.

The hairs are guided by a clever chemical trick. A protein(

蛋白质

) at the tip of the root hairs

called RHD2 helps them to take calcium(

钙

) from the soil. Calcium makes the hairs grow, and

produce more RHD2, and take more calcium.

But when an obstacle blocks the hair's path, or the hair reaches the surface of the soil, the

cycle is broken and growth starts in another direction.

This system gives plants the flexibility to explore a complex environment and to live in even

the most unpromising soils, says Dolan.

In poor soils such as in parts of Australia and Africa, native plants have adapted by producing

enormous numbers of root hairs. A better understanding of this adaptation will allow scientists to

develop hairy rooted crops that can grow in unfriendly environments.

According to Dolan,

育种方

法

) to increase hair length in wheat but it will be some time before new cultivars(

栽培变种

) are

developed.

（

1

）

The passage mainly tells us _______.

A. how the hairs of the roots of plants grow into the soil but not above it B. how the roots

of plants grow into the soil but not above it

C. how the roots are covered with hairs

D. how scientists control the growth of plants

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（

2

）

What is the most important thing that enables the roots find their way?

A. The hair on the roots.

B. The soil around the roots.

C. The tips of the roots. D. The shape of the roots.

（

3

）

What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

A. Crops with short hairs can grow better in the unfriendly environment. B. The longer the

hairs, the better the plants can grow in the environment.

C. Scientists have successfully increased the hair length in the crop wheat. D. In whatever

environment, the roots of plants know which way to grow.

3.

阅读理解

It was a hot day, and my brother Walt and I had decided that the only way to survive it would

be to go swimming in a deep swimming hole across Mr. Blickez's Pasture

（牧场）

and through

some woods.

The only problem with our plan was that this pasture was guarded by a huge, mean Hereford

bull

（公牛）

. Mr. Blickez had told us that Elsie was the meanest bull in the town, maybe even in

the county, and we believed him. But the hotter it got, the more we thought there was

something fishy about his words. For one thing, we remembered Mr. Blickez liked telling tall tales;

for another, Elsie seemed like a strange name for a bull.

Finally, I talked Mom into asking permission for us to walk through the pasture, but then

another problem surfaced. Mom said she would talk to Mr. Blickez if we would take our cousin

Joanie along with us. Joanie was almost two years older than me and a head taller. If her teasing

ever got around my grade school, it would be all over for me. In fact, I still had a headache from a

quarrel with her that morning. “I'm not going swimming with that silly girl cousin,” I told my mom.

“Either Joanie goes with, or you stay home alone,” Mom said i

n her serious tone

（

语气）

. I gave

in and we set out. On your way across the pasture, Walt yelled suddenly. Elsie had approached

him quietly and was licking

（舔）

his back. Joanie and I dove under the wire fence, but while I was

on the ground I looked up and saw that Elsie wasn't a big mean bull after all. She was going to

keep licking my brother's back as long as he stood still.

We had many good days growing up and visiting our secret swimming hole guarded by the

so-

called “big mean bull”. And as it turned out

, for a girl cousin, Joanie hasn't been too bad. She's

been one of my best friends over the years.

（

1

）

What's the meaning of the underlined word “fishy” in Paragraph 2?

A. Funny. B. Interesting. C. Doubtful. D. Believable. < /p>

（

2

）

What 's the second problem the author had to face?

A. His mother failed to ask permission for him.

B. His mother insisted on his cousin going

with him.

C. He quarreled with his cousin and had a headache.

D. His cousin made jokes on him in his

grade school.

（

3

）

We can learn from the passage that Elsie

.

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A. was his owner's favorite bull

B. was aggressive because of her nature

C. disliked to play with little children D. was actually friendly to people

（

4

）

What's the passage mainly about?

A. The bull guarding Mr. Blickez's farm.

B. The story of visiting the swimming hole.

C. How friendly the so-

called “big mean bull” was.

D. How the author changed his attitude

to Joanie.

4.

阅读理解

Recently actor Adrien Grenier has launched(

发动

)a campaign to reduce the amount of

single-use plastic usage in order to protect and save marine (

海洋的

)wildlife and the

environment. Plastic drinking straws are among many single-use plastic products contributing to

the great loss of marine life, but they're a great place to start because they're something that are

used by millions of Americans who are unaware that they're so damaging.

Americans use more than 500 million straws daily, which is enough to fill 127 school buses

each day and they can't be recycled. That means plastic straws might end up in oceans, where

fish and other marine wildlife mistake the small bits for food and swallow them. After seeing a

photo of a beached whale with a belly full of plastic, Grenier felt the inspiration to launch the

Lonely Whale Foundation, hoping to inspire and educate others on the challenges faced by

marine wildlife.

Along with stopping the use of straws, Grenier hopes to educate consumer on the dangers of

other single-use plastic items such as grocery bags and water bottles. While many Americans use

these plastic products in their daily life, there are many alternatives that can help protect the

environment such as straws made from stainless steel, glass, and even bamboo instead of plastic.

In addition to quitting your straw habit, you can further help the environment by taking the I

Choose to Reuse commitment, and stop your use of single-use coffee cups, checkout bags and

bottled water. Instead, take advantage of any number of alternative reusable products.

Need another reason to stop drinking from straws? Grenier also says using straws can cause

wrinkles!

（

1

）

Protecting marine wildlife can start with stopping using plastic drinking straws because

A. they are marine wildlife's favorite food

B. they are the most harmful plastic products

C. they are the plastic products people use most

D. they are widely used but their harm isn't fully realized

（

2

What made Grenier think of the idea to launch the Lonely Whale Foundation?

A. A photo of piles of plastic waste.

B. The sight of 127 school buses of straws.

C. The fuel that many whales beach on the shore.

D. A picture of beached whale with a belly full of plastic

（

3

）

What will Grenier encourage people to do in their daily life?

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A. Avoid drinking from bottles.

B. Use cloth bags when shopping.

C. Purchase single-use coffee cups.

D. Use plastic straws to drink repeatedly.

（

4

）

Which word can best describe Adrien Grenier?

A. Adventurous. B. Humorous. C. Responsible. D. Friendly.

5.

阅读理解

French writer Frantz Fanon once said: “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture.”

Since the world changes every day, so does our language.

More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford

Dictionary, and in one way or another they are all reflections of today's changing world.

After a year that was politically unstable, it's not hard to understand the fact that people's

political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary. One example is

“clicktivism”, a compound of “click” and “activism”. It refers to “armchair activists” —

people who

support a political or social cause, but only show their support from behind a computer or

smartphone. And “otherize” is a verb for “other” that means to alienate (

使疏远

) people who are

different from ourselves

—

whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality.

Lifestyle is also changing our language. For example, “fitspiration” —

a compound of fit and

inspiration

—

refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy.

The phrase “climate refugee” —

someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate

change

—

reflects people's concern for the environment.

According to Ste

venson, social media was the main source for the new expressions. “People

feel much freer to coin

their own words these days,” he said.

But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream (

主

流的

) dictionary. If you want to create your own hit words, Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries

head of content development, suggests that you should not only make sure that they are

expressive (

有表现力的

) and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will

enjoy saying them out loud.

（

1

）

What is the article mainly about?

A. Some new word that got included into the online Oxford Dictionary.

B. The application

of new words and phrases.

C. How a language mirrors the changing world.

D. The impact of social media on our

language.

（

2

）

The underlined word “coin” in the second

-to-last paragraph probably means ________.

A. use B. record C. change D. create

（

3

）

How is the article mainly developed?

A. By giving examples.

B. By making comparisons.

C. By following a timeline.

D. By presenting research findings.

（

4

）

Accord ing to Stevenson, to make the words you invent popular, they should ________.

A. be easy to remember B. have unique meanings

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C. reflect the changing world

D. be meaningful, expressive and catchy

6.

阅读理解

You carry a 1.3 kg mass of fatty material in your head that controls everything you will ever do.

This fantastic control center lets you think, learn, create, and feel emotions. It also controls

everything your body does. What is this amazing machine? It's your brain

—

a structure so

amazing that the famous scientist James Watson called it

＂

the most complex thing we have yet

discovered in our universe

＂

.

Imagine your kitten jumped onto the kitchen counter, and was about to step onto a hot stove.

You would have only seconds to act. In situations like this, your brain reads the signals from your

eyes and quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you need to run to save her. Then it

tells your muscles to move. No computer can match your brain's great ability to download,

process, and react to the flood of information from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs.

If a bee lands on your foot, sensory neurons(

神经元

) in your skin send this information to your

brain at a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses motor neurons to

send a message back to your foot: Shake the bee off quickly! Motor neurons can send this

information at more than 320 kilometers per hour!

Your brain contains about 100 billion tiny cells: neurons

—

it would take you more than 3,000

years if you tried to count them all. Whenever you dream, laugh, think, see or move, tiny

chemical and electrical signals are racing between these neurons along billions of tiny neuron

pathways. Believe it or not, the activity in your brain never stops. Countless messages fly around

inside it every second, like a super- fast game of table tennis. Your neurons create and send more

messages than all the phones in the entire world. And although a single neuron generates only a

tiny amount of electricity, all your neurons together can generate enough electricity to power a

light bulb.

（

1

）

By

＂

the most complex thing

＂

, James Watson means __________.

A. a supercomputer B. the universe C. human brains D. our emotions

（

2

）

Which of the following statements is true according to the 2

nd

and 3

rd

paragraph?

A. Brains can download more information than any computer.

B. The kitten plays an

important role in testing human brain power.

C. Motor neurons in human brains serve to send countless messages.

D. Your brains can

use neurons to send messages back faster than bees'.

（

3

）

The author mentions

＂

to power light bulbs

＂

(Para. 4) to show __________.

A. neurons can send lots of messages B. how many active tiny cells brains contain

C. how much electricity brains can generate

D. there is countless information in the brain

（

4< /p>

）

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Powerful brain is a wonderful machine.

B. Brains work well in controlling body

movements.

C. Brain is the most complex structure in the universe.

D. Human brains are composed of

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numerous neurons.

7.

阅读理解

“We haven't found anything that we can't recycle!”

Cigarette ends are everywhere

—

littering our streets and beaches

—

and for decades they've

been thought of as“unrecyclable”. But a New Jerseybased company, called TerraCycle, has taken

on the challenge, and has come up with a way to recycle millions of cigarette ends and turn them

into industrial plastic products. Its aim is to recycle things that people normally consider

impossible to reuse.

Obviously it would be even better for the environment if everyone just stopped smoking, but

the statistics show that although there has been an increase in anti-smoking ads and messaging,

between 2000 and 2014, global sales of cigarettes increased by 8 percent, and a whole lot of

those cigarette ends are ending up as trash. Since most of our litter eventually ends up in

waterways, cigarette ends can surely pollute the surrounding environment. “It only takes a single

cigarette end to pollute a liter of water, ” TerraCycle founder, Tom Szaky, said. “Animals can

also

mistake littered cigarette ends for food.”

So how do you go about turning all those poisonous ends into something useful? TerraCycle

does this by first breaking them down into separate parts. They mix the remaining materials, such

as the tobacco and the paper, with other kinds of rubbish; and use it on non- agricultural land,

such as golf courses. The filters (

过滤嘴

) are a little harder. To recycle these, TerraCycle first

makes them clean and cuts them into small pieces, and then combines them with other recycled

materials, making them into liquid for industrial plastic products.

They're now also expanding their recycling offerings to the rest of the 80 percent of household

waste that currently can't be recycled, such as chocolate packaging, pens, and mobile phones.

The goal is to use the latest research to find a way to stop so much waste ending up in landfill (

垃

圾填埋

), and then get companies to provide money for the process. And so far, it's working.

“We haven't found anything that we can't recycle,”communications director of Terra Cycle,

Albe Zakes, said. “But with the amount and variety of packaging and litter in the world, we are

always looking for new waste streams to address.”

（

1

）

What does Terra Cycle intend to do?

A. To search for recyclable materials for use.

B. To recycle what used to be considered

unrecyclable.

C. To produce new kinds of industrial plastic products.

D. To deal with as many cigarette

ends as possible.

（

2

）

The underlined word “trash” in Par

agraph 2 probably means ________.

A. poison

B. rubbish

C. disaster

D. ruin

（

3

）

What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?

A. The effective use of cigarette ends. B. The reason for breaking down cigarette ends.

C. The difficulty in recycling cigarette ends.

D. The process of recycling cigarette ends.

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（

4

）

What Albe said in the last paragraph implies that ________.

A. TerraCycle is trying to meet the challenge of new waste

B. it is difficult for TerraCycle to

recycle everything

C. there is more and more waste to be recycled

D. TerraCycle has successfully recycled a

large amount of waste

8.

阅读理解

LUKLA, Nepal(Xinhua)

–

Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West, once negatively

recognized as the “world's highest junkyard”, is set to become cleaner as 30,000 porters

（

搬运工）

have been mobilized

（动员）

for waste collection and disposal from the mountain's southern side.

The cleanup drive was launched recently near Lukla airport, one of the world's most dangerous

airports yet a vital gateway to the world's highest peak.

“Our major task is to keep Everest, which is the pride of the world, clean. This c

ampaign aims

to transport 100 tons of nonburnable garbage from the Everest region to Kathmandu in

2018,”

Ang Dorje Sherpa, chairman of the Sagarmatha Pollution Control Committee said.

The SPCC, an environmental conversation organization, has made it mandatory

（强制性）

since

2013 that every climber should carry down 8 kilograms of trash, but for trekkers

（

旅行者）

there is

no such regulation. Due to this, more than 100 tons of waste gets collected in the region annually.

According to Nepalese government statistics, nearly 50,000 domestic and foreign trekkers visit

the Qomolangma region annually, while more than 400 mountaineers attempt to scale the peak.

The collected waste mostly includes empty beer bottles and cans, oxygen bottles, torn tents and

sleeping bags, food bins, and discarded mountaineering and trekking equipment. The trash was

collected by local groups in more than a dozen villages while the waste was transported down the

mountain in sacks

（麻布袋）

by porters and yak-hybrid animals as zopkyos. The cleanup covered

settlements from up to 5,000 meters near the base camp, to Lukla airport located at an altitude

of 2,805 meters.

On the first day of the campaign, several tons of waste was sent off to Kathmando from Lulka

on planes belonging to Tara Airlines, one of the leading private airlines in Nepal. The airlines have

set an ambitious target of flying out 100 tons of waste from the region in 2018, as a part of its

commitment to the UN Sustainable Development Goals against climate change. The company's

CEO U

mesh Chandra Rai said: “We hope that this campaign will help the local people to maintain

a pristine

（原始的）

, natural and unspoiled environment so that more trekkers will come from

everywhere, making the trekking industry here more sustainable.”

（

1

）

What' s the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The basic situation of Mount Everest.

B. The introduction of the clean-up campaign.

C. The unique way to prevent environment pollution.

D. The description of the most

dangerous airport in the word.

（

2

What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. The rule for visitors made by the local travel agencies.

B. The clean-up campaign

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