Sentence-Stress--语句重音

在句中一般都要重读。例如，

Oh,

it

’

s

snowing!(

啊，在下雪。

)

Hey,

that

’

s

a

nice

shot!(

嗨，

那是个好球

!)

My,

what

a

downpour!(

哎呀，

好大的雨啊

me!

（表示惊讶：哎呀

!

）

语句重音

(

二

)

(

二

)

在连贯的语句中不重读的词有：

1)

冠词

冠词有两种：①

a(

或

an)

②

the,

两者在句中一般都不重读。

2

）代词

指没有语句重音的代词。如：①人称代词

I, me, you, he, him,

she, her

等。②物主代词

my, your, his, her, its, or, their

3

）动词

指非实义动词

如

:

①助动词

be(am, is, are, were, was),

shall(should),

will(would)have(has,

had),

do(does,

did)

②

情

态

动

词

can(could), may(might), must, have to(has to, had to), shall(should),

will(would), ought to, dare, need, used to

等。这些情态动词在语句中一

般没有重音。

4

）连词

一般在句中不重读的连词有①等立连词，如：

and,

or,

for,

but

②比较连词，

如：

as ,

than

③从属连词，

如

:

（

if,

when,

while,

since,

now

that,

as if(though

等。

5

）介词

介词（尤其是单音节介词）如出现在句子中间时一般不重读。常

见的单音节介词有：

at, by, for, from, of, to, into

等。

页脚

.

.

.

.

CONTENT WORDS

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

FUNCTION WORDS

electron, lens, radius, species, strata

expel, irrigate, maintain, revolve,

transact

crucial, feasible, legal, obsolete, valid

annually, arbitrarily, optionally,

pragmatically, theoretically

mine, yours, his, hers, theirs

this, that, these, those; e.g. This looks

interesting.

who, what, when, where

not, can't, isn't

?

?

?

?

?

?

the, a, an

be, have, do

I, you, s/he, we, they

this, that, these, those; e.g. I

like this university.

in, on, over, near, to

and, because, yet, so

上面讲解的只是语句重音的一般规则，

但语句重音并不是一成不变的语音现

象。根据说话时的不同心态、不同的着重点、不同 的强调容、不同的语气等可以

使原来在句中应重读的词失去重音，

而原来不重读的词却又成了重读的词。

这些

较为特殊、

复杂的规则就无法在语音小常识中做详细的讲解，

只能留到以后的学< /p>

习阶段再来学习、探讨了。

Sentence Stress

Since

speech

is

made

up

of

words

strung

together,

we

must

also

look

at

these

words in groups, in phrases or in sentences in order to observe what happens to the

stress

pattern.

In

natural

connected

speech,

for

various

reasons,

some

words

are

stressed,

others

are

not.

The

stress

in

a

sentence

is

called

sentence

stress

(

句重音

).

Sentence

stress

can

be

classified

into

three

types:

sense

stress

(

表意重音

),

logical

stress (

逻辑重音

) and emotional stress (

感情重音

).

I. Sense stress

Sense

stress

is

a

very

common

phenomenon

in

connected

speech.

The

distribution

of

such

stresses

is

subject

to

the

meaning

that

the

speaker

wishes

to

convey. In normal speech we put stress on words semantically important. Such words

are called content or lexical words (

实词

), such as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, notional

verbs,

numerals,

interjections,

demonstrative,

interrogative

pronouns

and

the

absolute

form

of

the

possessive

pronouns;

the

unimportant

ones

are

called

form

or

structural words (

虚词或结构词

),which are used to join together' the words that carry

meaning. In unemphatic speech, such words are usually unstressed. They are articles,

monosyllabic prepositions, monosyllabic conjunctions, personal pronouns, possessive

页脚

.

.

.

.

pronouns, reciprocal pronouns, reflexives and relative pronouns, auxiliary and modal

verbs and verb to BE.

Examples for words with sentence stress:

1. Nouns

'John is a 'te

acher from Aˋmerica

n.

2. Adjectives

What a 'beautiful ˋsight!

3. Adverbs

I've 'seldom 'met him ˋrecently.

4. Notional verbs

They would 'die 'rather than ˋyield.

5. Numerals

'Two plus 'three 'equals ˋfive.

His ad 'dress is 'forty-

'six ˋLinden Street.

6. Interjections

'Oh, it's

V

wonderful!

7. Demonstrative pronouns

'This is our ˋcollege.

8. Interrogative pronouns

'Who was 'that on the ˋphone?

9. The absolute form of possessive pronouns

'This 'book is ˋmine.

And 'yours is over

ˋthere

Examples for words with no sentence stress:

1. Articles

He is a 'teacher of ˋEnglish.

This is the 'book I ˋwant.

2. Monosyllabic prepositions

He was sur 'prised at her ˋattitude

3. Monosyllabic conjunctions

'John, 'Henry and 'Robert 'all ˋwent but 'Peter ˋdidn’t.

4. Personal, possessive, reciprocal, reflexive and relative pronouns

He 'taught us ˋEnglish

页脚

.

.