-
减省译法
（
Omission
）
1.
Warming-up:
What
’
s
the
definition
of
“
Re
dundancy
”
?
What
are
the
redundant
information in
English and Chinese?
2.
Definition
：
It
means omitting the useless, superfluous words and
even the words that will
be
a
stumbling
block
in
the
target
language
in
translation
to
make
your
version
not
just
accessible to readers, but easily
understood; not only expressive, but also
impressive.
注意：
翻译中的省略，
是指在完整保留原意的前提下删除一些在译文中显得多余甚至是影响表达的词语。省略如
同增词一样，是根据译入语表达习惯所采取的一种补偿手段。
3.
Classification:
①
Grammatical Omission
;
②
Rhetorical
Omission.
4.
Principle
：
Do not
delete and change the original meaning.
5.
Keep in mind
Huxley
’
s dictum:
the maximum of thought in the minimum of words;
and
Shakespeare
’
s
maxim:
Brevity is the soul of
wit.
6.1
Grammatical Omission
English
sentence
building
is
featured
by
hypotaxis
while
Chinese
is
by
Parataxis.
In
other
words, Chinese express
its meaning and logic sequence by means of word
order, context or
mode
of
expression instead
of
inflexion of
words,
dependent or
subordinate
construction or
relationship
of
clauses
with
connectives.
By
contrast
between
English
and
Chinese,
we
can
find
that
some
words
in
English,
especially
the
words
with
grammatical
functions
such
as
articles,
conjunctions, prepositions and some of the
pronouns, are frequently used, almost in
every sentence.
However,
these kinds of words
don’t
appear in Chinese or have low frequency of use.
Then we
often adopt the techniques of
conversion or omission in the English-Chinese
translation.
6.1 Omission of words
peculiar to English
(
省略英语特有的词
)
6.1.1
Omission of English articles
汉语中没有冠词，因此在翻译中，必要时可将英语转换成其他此类，否则，只要不影响
原义，通常可省略之。
①
Omission of the definite article(
省略定冠词
)
：
英语定冠词
一般用来表示种类，
或具有明
确的指称、限定作用，但这些用法
在汉语中往往是不言而喻的，没有保留的必要。
例
1. The horse is useful to
man.
(
…
)
马是对人类有用的动物。
例
2. You
can
’
t be the Charles
Chaplin!
你可不是鼎鼎大名的查理·卓别林啊！
1.
From
that
day
to
this,
the
islands
discovered
by
Columbus
have
been
called
“
the
West
Indies.
”
2.
She had the bravest bravery of all, the
bravery that is never afraid to speak the truth.
②
Omission of indefinite articles (a/an)
省略不定冠词
※起泛指作用和单数含
义的的不定冠词在汉语中也往往无须保留。
例
3. A square has four sides.
（
…
）正方形有四条边。
例
4. Things of a kind
come together; people of a mind fall into the same
group.
物以
（
…
）
类
聚，人以
(
…
)
群分。
Notes:
Care should be taken
in translating the following sentences.
▲
How to translate the
following sentences
：
1. He
likes the Picasso. 2. Do you know where the
Kodak is made? 3. She was a Jones
before she married Bill. 4. I cannot remember a
Christmas
when it snowed so much. 5.
This is a complete Shakespeare.
▲
There are cases
where the use of an article may change the meaning
of an expressions. 1.
She had to keep
house. / She had to keep the house. 2. Many years
ago, flying to the moon was
out of the
question. / At
present
，
flying to the moon
is out of question. 3. Translate the sixth
and the last paragraph of the text,
please. / Translate the sixth and last paragraph
of the text,
please.
Be of
an age(
相同年纪
)/ be of age (
成年人
)
；
in
the office(
在办公室里
)
；
in office (
执政
)<
/p>
；
woman with a child
(
带着小孩的妇女
)/ woman with child
(
怀孕
)
；
t
ake the chair(
主持会议
)/
take a
chair(
坐下
)
；
at table
吃饭
/ at the table
在桌子旁边；
in open
公开地
/ in the open
在
户外；
go to the
church
去教堂
/ go to church
做礼拜；
take the air
呼吸新鲜空气
/ take air
宣
讲，
泄密
in the issue
结果
/
in issue
在争论中；
in the red
负债
/ sb in red
穿红衣服；
have
the heart
有勇气去做
…
/ have a
heart
发善心；
the big time
第一流的
/ a big time
玩的尽
兴。
6.1.2 Omission of the Expletives It and
There
省略
it
和
there
①
省略表示时间，距离，自然现象和事物状态非人称代词
it.
例
5. He glanced at his watch;
it was 7: 15./ How is it with the sick man?/ It
was a cold, dark
day, the sky
overcast.
②省略先行词
it (
即替代不定式，动名词，和从句的
it)
例
has it that
“……
.
”
某人说
…
..
3.
It
is with words as with sunbeams: the more they are
condensed, the deeper they burn.
③
omit
demonstrative it (
省略指示词
it)
例
: I
don
’
t think it is he.
我想不是他。
④
Omit idiomatic
it:
省去惯用词
it
例
7
：
If
you are found out, you will catch it.
如果
有人发现，你要挨骂（受罚）的。
4.
We shall walk
it in the rain.
※
Be in for it (<
/p>
要倒霉了，
要受罚了
)
< br>，
rough it
（过艰苦
/
简单的生活）
，
bus it
(
乘车
) fight it
out
（竞争）
star it (
成为主
角或星；成为观众注意的中心
)
。
。<
/p>
。
⑤省略存在句中的补足词
it
例：
Where there is a will,
there is a way.
有决心就有办法
（≈
有志者事竟成）
5.
Where there is
smoke, there is fire. 6. Where there is life,
there is hope.
⑥
省略惯用语或谚语中的补足词
there
例
6. There are always more
round pegs than round holes.
（本意：钉子比洞多）
找事的人
多于事
/
人多东西少
/
≈僧多粥少。
7. There are friends and friends. 8.
There is no royal road to anything.
6.2 Omission of words superfluous in
the target language (
省略在译入语中显得多