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初一下册英语知识点总结归纳

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2021-02-13 14:19
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2021年2月13日发(作者:lolly)



初一下册英语知识点总结归纳






Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?



一、单词与词组



Guitar


吉他


sing


唱歌


,swim


游泳


dance


跳舞


,draw


画画


,che ss


西洋棋




Join:


表示“参加,加入”

,此处指参加社团或组织,成为其中的成员。



Join the army


参军



Join the NBA


加入美国篮球协会



Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club


参加体 育


/


音乐


/


英 语


/


象棋俱乐部




乐器类


+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano







+


the


play


soccer/


bask etball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton



(英式足球


/


篮球


/


排球


/


英式足球,美式橄榄球


/


网球


/


羽毛球)< /p>





Be good at+ sth./doing sth.


擅长做某事



Be good with


与…相处得好



Be good to


对…友好


=be friendly to


Be good for


对…有好处




want to do sth /want sb to do sth


想要某人做某事




Like to do sth.


特指某一次的动作;



like doing sth.


强调经常性的爱好。




两者都表示喜欢做某事,在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。




Tell: Tell stories


讲故事



tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.


告诉某人某事< /p>


/


不要做某事



Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth.



助某人做某事



Help yourself/sb. (to sth.)

< br>把某物


(


尤其是指食物


,


饮料等


)


拿给自己


/





can't help doing sth.


情不自禁做某事



Call at


用于打某人的电话


e.g. Call at 293-7742


Home:1.


表示动态 概念。意思是“回家”



“到家”


。前 面不加介词。这里的


home


是副词,表示目的地。



e.g. 1)When do you go home every day?


你每天什么时候回家?



2)He drives home after work.


他下班的开车回家。



3)She often does some shopping on his way home.


她经常在回家途中买


些东西。



2. at home


表示静态概念。意思是“在家 ”


。这里的


home


是名词,表示具< /p>


体地点。



e.g. 1) Is she at home?


她在家吗?



2)He left his book at home.


他把书放在家里了。



Go home


回家



get home


到家



at home


在家



Also


也,而且;较正式,用于肯定句,紧跟动词。



e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese.


我能说英文


也能说中文。



Too


多用于口语,放在句末。


E.g. Me too.


Either


多用于否定句,放在句末。


E.g.


He


hasn



t


finished,


either.



也没有完成。




Show sb. sth. /show sth. To sb.


展示给某人看



Show time


作秀时间,表演开始



talk show


脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目)



Talk to sb


和某人交谈





重点句型



Can you swim?


你会游泳吗?



Yes, I can./ No, I can



t.

是的,我会。


/


不,我不会




What can you do ?


你会什么?



I can dance./ I can



t sing.


我会跳舞。


/


我不会唱歌。




What club do you want to join?


你们想加入哪个俱乐部?



We want to join the chess club.


我们想加入象棋俱乐部。




Unit 2 What time do you go to school?



一、单词与词组



Run



, brush v.


刷:刷净


n


刷子


, clean v.


打扫;弄干净


adj.


干净的



exercise v&n


锻炼,练习,


walk n&v


行走,步行


. work n&v


工作


taste v.


品尝


n.


味道,滋味


usually adv.


通常地,一般地


, never adv.


从不,绝不



quarter


n.


一刻钟,


四分之一,


forty


num.


五十


Get


dressed


穿上衣服


,


brush


one



s teeth


刷牙


, eat breakfast


吃早餐


, take a shower


洗淋浴


, do one



s homework


做作业


, take a walk


散步


on weekends


在周末


lots of


许多



either...or


要么。


。要么


on school days


上学日


never


绝不


after dinner


晚餐后


at night



二、语法点




时间连词:


when=while


当…时



then


然后


after that


在那之后



at+


时间点


/sb. do sth. at about +


时间点



for breakfast/lunch/dinner





睡觉


go to bed=go to sleep


睡觉



take a tap


午休,小睡一会儿



反:


get up


起床


take a +


名词



从事某项


活动



Time


表时间,不可数;表次数,可数。



Some times


几次



sometimes


有时



some time


一段时间



sometime


某个时候




系动词


It tastes/smells/looks/so unds/feels


尝起来


/


闻起来


/


看起来


/



起来


/


摸起来(含被动意味,但不能用 被动语态)



tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like


尝 起来


/


闻起来


/


看起来


/


听起来


/

< br>摸起来像…



either


or


…二选一



neither



nor




两者都不




连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人 称和数上保持一致,




就近原则





e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow.


明天要么你去那里,要


么我去那里。



Neither dad nor mum is at home today.


今天父母都不在家。



Here


引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时,



如主语是代词,


不倒装






位置的副词放在句首时,



如主语是名词,要用全部倒装。



e.g. Here it is! Here he comes. (


代词不倒装


)


Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus.


(名词倒装)




关于时间的问法



(1)



when


提问


,


“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段,也可以是较短的时间






When is your birthday?


你的生日是什么时候?





My birthday is Dec. 29th. < /p>


我的生日是


12



29


日。




这里就是指一天的时间段





When do you go home?


你几点回家?





I go home at 4:30 p.m.


我下午


4



30


回家


.



这 里


when


问的是具体的时间。



(2)


具体几点我们通常用


what time


提问





What time is it now?


现在几点了?


or What



s the time?


几点了?



It



s 9:26.


现在九点二十六。


Twenty six past nine




What time is it by your watch?


你手表几点了?



It



s 8:36. Oh, It



s 50 minutes late 8:36


,哦,它慢了


50


分钟。


-----twenty four to nine




What time do you get up?


你几点起床?



I get up at 6:00 a.m.


我早上


6

< br>点起床。




Half past ....


几点半



A quarter to


差一刻钟到几点




Need to do sth


Need sb to do sth


需要做某事




三、重要句型



What time do you usually get up ?


I usually get up at six thirty.



What time does Rick eat breakfast.


He eats breakfast at seven o



clock.



When does Scott go to work?


He always goes to work at eleven o



clock.


Unit 3 How do you get to school?



一、单词



Train


火车


, bus


公共汽车


, subway


地铁


, bike


自行车


, car


小汽车


, boat


小船


, river


河,江


, year



, minute


分钟


, kilometer


千米,公里


, sixty


六十


, seventy,


七十


eighty


八十


, ninety


九十


, hundred


一百


, ride v.



n


旅程


, drive v.


开车


, live v.


居住,生活


leave v.


离开


, cross v.


穿过,越






二,词组



Take the train/ bus


乘火车


/


公共汽 车



go by bike/subway


ride a bike


骑自行车



driver a car


开车



think of


想起



between ....and ...



...



...


之间



Leave home/school


离开家


/


学校



come true


实现



Be afraid to do sth


害怕做某事



Be afraid +


从句



害怕



Be afraid of doing sth


害怕做某事



many students


是单指学生数量多,侧重数量



many of the students


是指学生中很多一部分,强调部分



too


…太…



1. too much


意为“太多”



+


不可数名词


/+


动词。



e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday .


昨天我有太多的家务


活要干。



She talks too much .


她说话太多。



much t oo


意思是“过分,太”


,隐含了过分而不恰当之意,


much too+


形容


词或副词,不


+


动词。



question is much too difficult .


这道题太难了。



You



re walking much too fast .


你走得太快了。





to


…太…而不能…


.e.g. You are never too young to study.



同:


so

< br>…


that


…太…以至于…




river


runs


too


quickly


for


boats.=The


river


suns


too


quickly


to row a boat.


=The river runs so quickly that people can



t row a boat to across


the river.



三、重要句型



How do you get to school?


I ride my bike.



How long does it takes to get to school?


It takes about 20 minutes.


It take sb some time to do sth


做某事花了多少时间




How far is it from your home to school?


It



s about 40 minutes



walk


Unit 4 Don



t eat in class



一、单词



rule n.


规则


rules hallway n..


走廊,



过道(


hall+way




fight v.


打架,



争吵




fighting, fights, fought, fought





习惯用语:


have a fight with sb.


和某人打仗


/


打架





Fight dog,


fight bear.


一决雌雄



outside adv.


(反)


inside dining n.. dining room // dining hall




have to


不得不




wash


v.





washes


washing



loudly


adv.


大声地



响亮地


loud


adj.



声的



(反)


low


Noisy


吵闹的




quiet



一、词组



school rules


学校规章制度


break the rules


违反规章制度


make the


rules


制定规章


..


in


the


hallways


在过道


in


the


music


room


在音乐教室里


in


the


dining


hall


在餐厅



be in bed


在床上


be late for


…迟到


listen to music


听音乐



wash my clothes


洗衣服


make dinner


做饭


have to do


不得不做



too many+


名词复数


; too much +


不可数名词“太多”


by ten o



clock



点之前



on


school


nights


上学的晚上


on


weekends


在周末


go


to


the


children



s palace


去少年宫



after school


放学后


sports shoes


运动鞋


gym class


体育课




三、句型



(1)Don



t arrive late for class.


(2)We can



t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to


it outside.


(3)--What else do you have to do?


-- We have to clean the classroom.


(4)--Can we wear hats in school?


--Yes, we can/ No, we can



t.


(5)--Do you have to wear a uniform at school?


--Yes, we do /No, we don



t.


(6) What are the rules at your school?



四、重难点




祈使句



通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语


you(

< p>
听话



)


通常省略。其构 成通常有以下几种形式。




1 )


Be


型(即系动词原型


be+


表语+其他)


。如:



Be quiet,please.



否定句


Don



t + be+


表语


+


其他。如:



Don



t be angry.



2)


D o


型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)


。如:


Open you books, please.



否定句


Don



t +


实义动词原形


+


宾语


+


其他。如:



Don



t eat in the classroom.



3)


Let


型(即


Let+


宾语< /p>


+


动词原形


+


其 他)如:



Let me help you.


Let



s go at six o



clock.



否定句一般在宾语后加


not


。如:< /p>



Let



not watch TV.



4)


No+V-ing


型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做


某事“)如 :



No smoking!


严禁吸烟!


No talking!


不许交谈!



No passing!


禁止通行!


No parking!


不许停车!



Must



have to


表主观看法,主观上的必要


have to


表客观需要



e.g.


My


brother


was


very


ill,


so


I


had


to


call


the


doctor


in


the


middle


of the night.


我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜 里把医生请来。


(


客观上需要做


这件事


) He said that they must work hard.


他说他们必须努力工作。


(主观


上要做这件事 )




2. have to


有人称、数、时态的变化,而


must


只有一种形式。



3.


在否定结构中:


don't have to


表示



不必




mustn't


表示



禁止



e.g. You don't have to (needn



t


没必要


) tell him about it.


你不一定要把此事告诉他。


You < /p>


mustn't



can



t


不能)


tell


him


about


it.


你一定不要把这件事告诉他。



On time


准时,按时。


In time


及时,迟早



e.g. We were just in time for (to catch ) the bus.


我们及时赶上了


公车。



The train pulled in on time.


车准时到站。




4. Arrive (in +


大地点


)/



at +


小地点)



比较


get to +


地点



到达某地




5.


情态动词


must


必须一定



否定


mustn



t


禁止




不必用


don



t


have


to


或者


needn



t


6. On time


按时


in time


及时




7.


比较


leave



forget leave


遗忘某东西在某地


leave sth +


地点短




Forget


忘记某事物,记不起来了



反义词


remember


Forget/ remember to do sth / doing sth


8. more


更多,又,




we have more rules at school.


9. Relax ,relaxed, relaxing



10. Strict be strict with sb


对某人要求严格


be strict in sth


在某


方面严格




11. Keep + adj


保持某种状态



12.


Keep


sb/sth


+adj


让某人或某物保持某种状态


keep


one



s


hair


short


13. Keep sb doing sth


让某人不停做某事



14. Keep sb/sth j+


介词短语



让某人、某物呆在某地




Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?




一、单词



Panda


熊猫


, zoo


动物园


, tiger


老虎


, elephant


大象


, koala


考拉


, lion


狮子


, giraffe


长颈鹿


, animal


动物


, cute


可爱的


, lazy


懒惰的


, smart


聪明



,


beautiful


漂亮的


,


scary


胆小的


,


kind


和蔼的


,


Australia


澳大利亚


,


south


南方


, Africa


非洲


, pet


宠物


, leg



, cat



, sleep


睡觉


.



二、词组



want


to


do


sth


.


想要做某事



want


sb


to


do


sth


想要某人做某事



want


sth


想要某物



Let sb do sth


让某人做某事


during the day


在白天


at night


在夜间



kind of


有几分



种类


a kind of


一种…


(all) kinds of


各种各样的


=various of


like to do sth/like doing sth


喜欢做某事


play with





...


一起玩



Be made of


由。


。组成


have a look at


看。




Get lost


丢失,迷路



be in danger


处于危险中


be friendly to sb


对某人友好




三、句型与日常交际用语



1



-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas?


-Because they



re kind of interesting.


2



Why do you want to see the lions? Because they



re




3



-Where are lions from?


-Lions are from South Africa.


4



-What (other) animals do you like?


-I like elephants.


5. This is a symbol of good luck.


…的象征



6. Have a good memory like an elephant.


形容记忆力好



7 .- How old are you?=What



s your age?



I



m ten years old./I



m


ten.


8.-Do you like giraffes? -Yes, I do. / No, I don



t


make of



make from


“由…组成”



make of


看得出原材料,物理变化;


make from


看不出原材料,化学变化。



e.g. We must save trees and not by things made of ivory(


象牙


).


The paper is made of wood.


ts from Thailand


来自泰国的学生



with water and food


有水跟食物的地方



down sth/ cut sth down (


如果


sth


是代词,只能放中间)





Let



s


do


sth


,


let



s=let


us


让我们做……



人称代词用宾格


Let



s



后跟动词原形。



Let



s see the panda.


我们看熊猫吧。


Let



s go!


我们走吧!



meet (


在学校大门口


)


coat (


看起来


) very nice.


you often come to school (

< br>骑自行车


)?(


写出同义句


).




s time class.(


同义句


)


of us (go)to school by bike.


6. one of us (go )to school on foot.


time do you usually get up (


在平日


)?


early bird (


捉住


)the worm.


(


很少


)walks to school.


sometimes (


乘地铁回家


).(


两种方法表达


)


always (


乘公交车去动物园


)(


两种方法表达


)


usually (


走着去公园)




Unit 6 I



m watching TV.




一、单词



Newspaper


报纸


, use


使用


, soup



, wash


清洗


, movie


电影


, just


刚刚




二、词组



do one



s homework


做家庭作业


watch TV


看电视


eat dinner


吃饭;就




clean


the


room


打< /p>






talk


on


the


phone






thanks

< p>
for+n/doing


为某事感谢某人


go


shopping/swimming


去购物

< br>/


游泳


at


the


pool


在游泳池


at school


在学校



in


the


tree


在树上


read


newspaper/a


book


看报纸/看书


write


a


letter


写信



go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie


看电影


take photos

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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