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如何做高考英语阅读理解推断题
高考英语阅读
理解中的推断题，
要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，
作出一定的判
断和推理，
从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解
题，做这类题目时，<
/p>
同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、
态度
和语
气，
找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，
然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推
理判断，
从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
根据近几年高考英语推断题的考查情况，
< br>本文拟就对隐
含意义的推断、
作者观点的推断、
写作目的推断以及材料出处的推断等四种典型的推断题类
型进行分析，以
帮助同学们熟练应对。
一、如何推断隐含意义
1
．推断隐含意义的提问方式
It can be inferred from the text
that______.
According to…,
we can infer that______.
From the text we know that …is most
likely_______.
When the
writer talks about …, what the writer really means
is_______ .
The writer
suggests that______.
The story implies
that___________.
We can infer
[conclude] from the passage that______________.
这类题干中通常常含有
infer, suggest,
imply, conclude, intend, purpose, be likely
to…
等标志性词语。
2.
干扰项的设置特点在通常情况下，
这类试题的干扰项具有以下特点：
或是文章中直接用于表达细节的信息，
或是文章中无关紧要或片面推
出的结论，
或是与文章
内容完全相反的结论，或是不合常理或不
合逻辑的结论等。
3.
答题误区同学们在做类题目
时，很容易误选文段中直接用于表达信息的选项或表示片面结论的选项。
4
.
技巧点拨一是
要全面分析所有相关信息，
< br>切忌片面思考，
得出片面结论。
二是要忠实原文，
切忌脱离原文，
凭空臆断。三是注意不要选择表层信息答案，应该立足
由已知推断未知。
实例分析（江西卷）
A stronger argument comes from research
into school results. Girls grow up
earlier than boys, tend to be more
orderly and are likely to be better at
languages. In a mixed class, boys who
might do well in a single-sex class
become discouraged and take on the rule
of troublemaker. Certainly in the UK
this situation has greatly
alarmed(
惊动
) the government
for it to be encouraging
co-educational
schools to have some single-sex classes. In the UK
the best
schools are all single-sex,
strongly suggesting that co-education is not the
best
answer. This may, however, not be
as simple as it looks. It may simply be that
the famous old schools that attract the
best students happen to be single-sex,
rather than that being single-sex makes
them better schools.
●At
the end of the passage the writer suggests that
________.
A. single-sex
schools are the best schools in the UK
B. being single-sex does not
necessarily make a school better
C. co-
educational schools are better for both sexes in
personal development
D. because boys
cannot compete with girls in study, they go to
single-sex
schools
【解题思路分析】答案选
B
。作者在罗列
In a mixed
class, boys who might do well in
a
single-sex class become discouraged and take on
the rule of troublemaker
和
In
the UK the best schools are all single-
sex
等事实后，得出了
It may simply be
that the famous old schools that
attract the best students happen to be
single-sex, rather than that being
single-sex makes them better schools
这个结
论。
要做对上面这道题，
正确理解文章
末尾这句结论性的句子至关重要。
这里尤其要注意句
中的
rather than
这个关键性词语，它的意思是
“
而不是
”
，用于否定或排除
其后引出的内
容。故只有选项
B
最合适
。
二、如何推断作者观点
1.
提问方式
The writer’s attitude
toward… is______.The writer
thought
that______.The writer According to the
author ______.
2.
干扰选项此类试题的干
扰项通常具有以下特点：或是自己的某种看法或观点，或是社会
的一种普遍种倾向，或是
与本文无关或与作者相反的观点或看法等。
3.
答题误区容易误选与自己的看法相吻合的选项。
4.
技巧点拨注意作者在文中的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的
形容词、副词、动词及所举的
例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。
实例分析（江西卷）
Just as
crying can be healthy, not
crying
—
holding back tears of
anger, pain or
suffering
—
can be
bad for physical(
身体的
)
health. Studies have shown that too
much control of emotions can lead to
high blood pressure, heart problems and
some other illnesses. If you have a
health problem, doctors will certainly not ask
you to cry. But when you feel like
crying, don’t fight it. It’s a
natural—
and
healthy
—
emotional
response(
反应
).
●According to the author, which of the
following statements is true?
A. Crying is the best way to get help
from others.
B. Fighting back tears may
cause some health problems.
C. We will
never know our deep feelings unless we cry.
D. We must cry if we want to reduce
pressure.
【解题思路分析】答案选
B
。作者在文章中说
Studies show
that too much control can
lead to high
blood press, heart problems and other illnesses
，即过多地忍住情感
（如忍住不哭等
ch
control can lead to high blood press,
）
有可能会导致健康问题。
这里虽然用了
Studies
show… (
研究表明
……)
这样的
字眼，但作者在此显然是为增加说服
力而特意采用的一种表现手法，
也就是说，
研究所表明的结果就是作者的观点，
故最佳答案
为
B
。
三、如何推断写作目的
1.
提问方式
(1)
考查整篇文章
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