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阅读理解
是英
语能力培养的重点项目,是考试的一个重要题型,分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查
的根本
是检验学生对有关信息的加工能力。
阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解力的正确率。
因此,阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。多分析题型,多了解
考点,真正做到有的放矢,提
高命中率。
?
广东
20
07
年考题要求考生能读懂书﹑报﹑杂志中关于一般性的简短文段以及公告
﹑说明﹑广告等
,
并能从中获取相关的信息。
?
1
﹑理解主旨和要义
?
2
﹑理解文中的具体位置
?
3
﹑根据上下文推断生词的词义
?
4
﹑作出判断和推理
?
5
﹑理解文章的基本结构
?
6
﹑理解作者的意图﹑观点和态度
因此
有关阅读理解题目命题类主要有以下几种
:
1.
主旨大意型
2.
事实细节型
3.
词
义
猜
测
型
4.
推
理
判
断
型
一、主旨大意题
(做题要领)
1.
干扰项
可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。
2.
干扰项
可能属从文中某些
(
不完全的
)
事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。
3.
干扰项
可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
(
正确答案
)
是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;
但不能太笼统、
言过其实或以偏
概全。
主旨大意题
的常见的提问形式
:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us?
2)Which of the following
can summarize the main idea of this
text?
3)Which of the
following best expresses the main idea?
4)Which is the subject discussed in the
text?
6)What’s the best
title
for this passage?
二、事实细节型
解题原则
:忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系,决不能主观臆断。
文章中心是论点,
事实细节是论据或主要理由;
有关
细节的问题常对文中某个词语、
某句子、
某段落等细节及事实进
行提问,所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
提问的特殊疑问词常有:
what, who, which,
where, how, why
等。
在阅读理解中,要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式:
1
)
Which of the
following statement is true?
2
)
Which of the
following is not mentioned in the text?
3
)
The author ( or
the passage) states that___.
4
)
According to
the passage, when ( where, why, how, who, what,
which, etc.)___?
三、词义猜测型
同义法
常在词或短语之间有并列连词
and
或
or
,
它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或
递进的,由此可以推
测。
反义法
如
hot and cold, give and re
ceive
等,或前句为肯定,后句为否定。总之,
词与词间都
起着互为线索的作用。
释义法
<
/p>
对文章中的生词用定语(从句)
、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标
点符号引出并加
以解释说明。
情景推断法、代词替代法
等
做题要领
1
)文中找线索或信息词
;
2)
根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意;
3
)根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句
中确切意思。
四、推理判断型
p>
推理判断题:高考重头戏,着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。
< br>
透过现象看本质,领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。
以原文内容为前提,据作者的观点理论(非考生观点)
< br>,客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或
事例给予合理的逻辑推断,做出一定解释。<
/p>
推理判断题
(做题要领)
既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,
又要求学生对作者的
态度、
意图及文
章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的
角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点。
推理判断型
常见的命题方式有:
1.
The passage
implies
(
暗示
)
that_______.
2.
We can conclude
(
得出结论
)
from the passage that_____.
3.
Which of the
following can be inferred
(
推
论
)
?
4.
What is the
tone
(
语气
)
of the author ?
5.
What is the
purpose
(
目的
)
of this passage?
6.
The passage is
intended to _____.
7.
Where would
this passage most probably appear?
英语阅读理解专题训练题
A
When people want to know about the
weather, they usually go to there radios,
TVs, newspapers, or to the Internet.
However, you can also find many weather signs
among
wildlife,
because
of
their
highly
developed
senses.
Drops
in
air
pressure(
压
力
)
produce
an
effect
on
small
animals
in
many
ways.
Mice
and
deer
are
good
weather
indicators. People who spend a lot of
time outdoors have observed that, before a
storm, field mice come out of their
holes and run around, Deer leave high ground
and come down from the
mountains.
Birds
are
especially
good
weather
indicators
because
they
also
show
the
effect
of
a
pressure
drop
in
many
ways.
For
example,
some
birds
become
irritable(
急躁的
)and
quarrelsome and will fight over a piece
of bread. Other birds
chirp(
叽叽喳喳
)and
sing just before a storm. It seems they
know they won
’
t get another
chance for an
bour
on
two.
Birds
also
seek
safe
places
before
a
storm,
You
will
sometimes
see
birds
settling in trees or
gathering together on a wire close to a building.
Pre-storm
low pressure makes the are so
thin that birds have difficulty flying.
It is unusual to see many
birds
flying overhead
in the
summertime, rather than
during the
periods in the spring or autumn. Watch for other
weather signs if you
see this. If they
fly in the wrong direction, they may be flying
ahead of a storm.
By paying closer attention to some
important signs in nature, we can become
better prepared for any kind of
weather.
word
“
p>
indicators
”
in
paragraph I probably means .
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