-
Unit 6
课外练习
Passage Four
P184
1
、
New
Zealand
is
a
South
Pacific
country
located
midway
between
the
Equator
and
the
South
Pole.
Lying
within
the
South
Temperate
Zone,
New
Zealand
has
an
oceanic
climate,
without
extremes
of
heat
or
cold.
Most
parts
of
the
country
enjoy
ample
sunshine
and
rainfall,
although the weather is rather
changeable. Seasons are the reverse of the
Northern Hemisphere,
with
temperatures
generally
higher
in
the
north
of
the
country,
which
experiences
sub-tropical
warmth in summer.
Winter brings extensive snowfalls in
the Southern Alps.
新西兰是一个南太平洋国家，
位于赤道和南极洲之间。
新西兰地处南温带，
属海洋性
气
候，没有严冬和酷暑。尽管气候变化较大，但全国大部分地区阳光充足，雨量充沛。新
西兰
的季节与北半球相反，北部的气温一般较高，
夏季有着亚热
带地区的温暖。
冬季到来时，南
阿尔卑斯山脉为大雪所覆盖。<
/p>
2
、
There are now
over 3,300,000 New Zealanders of all races,
predominantly of European
and
Polynesian
origin.
The
Maori
population
is
around
12%
of
the
total.
As
the
result
of
intermarriage, many New Zealanders have
both Maori and European ancestors. This country
has a
low population density, with
about 12 people in every square kilometer. More
than two-thirds of
New Zealanders live
in the North Island and three quarters of the
people live in cities and towns
along
the coastal areas and lowland plains.
新
西兰所有种族的总人口现已超过
330
万，
主要是欧洲人和波利尼西亚人的后裔。
其中毛
利人占全部人
口的
12
％。异族之间的通婚使许多新西兰人有着毛利和欧洲祖
先的双重血统。
新西兰人口密度较低，
大约为每平方公里
12
人，
2
／
3
以上的新西兰人居住在北岛，
全国
3
／
4
的人居住在沿海
地区和低地平原的城镇里。
3
、
New
Zealanders are traditionally keenly interested in
sports of all kinds, and the temperate
climate encourages most forms of
outside recreation. Although rugby probably
remains the major
national winter
sport, football, netball, hockey, rugby league and
skiing are increasingly popular.
The
principal
summer
sports
include
cricket,
softball,
tennis,
athletics,
swimming,
surfing
and
boating, while golf and
horseracing are enjoyed throughout the year.
新西兰人在传统上喜爱多种多样的体育活动，当地宜人的气候也适合人们进行各种形式
的户外运动。尽管橄榄球可能仍然是主要的全国性冬季运动，
但是足球、投球
、曲棍球以及
橄榄球比赛和滑雪运动越来越普及。
夏季的主要运
动项目有板球、
垒球、
网球、
田径、<
/p>
游泳、
冲浪和划船，高尔夫球和赛马是一年四季都受到欢迎的运动
。
4
、
New Zealanders
have a strong and increasing involvement in a wide
range of cultural
activities throughout
the country.
The performing
arts are well established, with professional and
amateur companies active in music,
drama and dance. New Zealand writing, painting,
pottery and
weaving have achieved
growing international recognition in recent years.
Filmmaking has also
become
an
important
industry
over
the
past
twenty
years.
The
educational
system
strongly
encourages music,
drama and the visual arts at all levels.
新西兰人热心于文化活动，
也越来越多地参加各种各样的文化活动，
范围遍及全国。
由
于音乐、
戏
剧和舞蹈的专业队伍和业余团体十分活跃，
所以表演艺术有着良好的基础。
近年
来，新西兰的文学作品、绘画、陶器和编织艺术在国际上日益博得好评。
在过去的
20
年中，
电影摄制也成为一
个重要的行业。教育系统大力扶持各种水准的音乐、戏剧和影视艺术。
5
、
A
pioneer in social welfare, New Zealand has a
comprehensive social security scheme
for
the
aged,
disabled,
sick
and
unemployed.
An
innovative
accident
compensation
scheme
provides compensation
and rehabilitation for all people injured by
accident. Comprehensive health
services, mostly supported by the
State, are available to New Zealanders.
新西兰作为最早实行社会福利的
国家之一，
为老年人、
残疾人、
病人和
失业者制定了综合
社会保险计划。一项富有创新精神的事故补偿计划为所有事故受害者提
供补偿和善后费用。
所有新西兰人都可以享受全面的保健服务，这些服务大部分得到国家
支持。
6
、
Public hospital
treatment, prenatal and maternity service, and
many medicines are state
subsidized, as
is dental treatment for children. There is also an
expanding private health service
industry. The infant mortality rate is
10. 8 per thousand births. Average life expectancy
is 77 years
for women and 71 for men.
公立医院治疗、
妇女妊娠、
分娩和产后医疗
以及许多医药均由政府
资助，
儿童牙科治疗费也同样由政府负担
。
私立医疗服务行业也在不断壮大。
新西兰的婴儿
死亡率为
10
．
8
％
o
。平均预期寿命女性为
76
岁，男性为
71
岁。
7
、
Education is
provided from primary school to university, and is
compulsory between the
ages
of
six
to
fifteen.
The
majority
of
schools
are
supported
by
the
state,
and
administered
by
School
Boards
of
Trustees.
Others
are
supported
by
churches
or
private
interests.
There
are
7
universities, and the larger towns and
cities have technical institutes and community
colleges to
provide further tertiary
education. A state correspondence school caters
for children who cannot
attend
school
in
the
normal
way
(for
reasons
of
isolation,
illness
or
disability)
and
for
others
enrolled in continuing education
courses.
国家的教育体制是从小学到大学均实行免
费教育，并且对
6
—
15
岁的青少年实行义务教
育。大多数学校由国家资助，由校董事会进行管理。其
他一些学校则由教会或私人开办。全
国有
7
所综合性大学，一些较大的城市和乡镇还设有专业技术学校和社区学院，以提供高等
教育。
国家还为不能以正常方式入学的孩子
(
< br>如交通、
生病、
残疾等原因
)<
/p>
开办了一所函授学
校，并为其他一些人员开设了进修课程。
8
、
New
Zealand has a worldwide reputation for quality
agricultural products, and almost half
of
the
nation's
export
earnings
are
derived
from
farming.
A
tradition
of
scientific
agricultural
research and development, the use of
modem machinery including aerial topdressing of
pasture,
and
efficient
pasture
and
soil
management
enables
full
advantage
to
be
taken
of
a
temperate
climate and ample rainfall to obtain
high yields from the land. Grassland farming
remains New
Zealand's most important
industry.
新西兰的农产品质量在世界上享有盛誉，
国家近一半的出口收入来自农业。
农业科学研
究和发展的传统、
空中施肥这类现代化机械的应用、
行之有效的草场管理和土壤管
理使得温
暖的气候和充足的降雨量所带来的各种有利条件得以充分利用，
因而土地的产量很高，
牧业
也成了新西兰的最重要的行
业。
9
、
New Zealand is
an active trading nation, linked to its principal
trade partners by regular sea
and
air
services.
The
country
is
one
of
the
world's
largest
exporters
of
wool,
and
the
largest
single-country
exporter
of
dairy
products
(notably
butter,
cheese
and
milk
powder),
lamb
and
mutton. Other major exports are timber
and timber products, fish and horticultural
products. China
is one of New Zealand's
principal trade partners. The two countries have
experienced increasing
exchanges in
many areas in recent years, including the frequent
exchanges in cultural, educational
and
public health fields.
新西兰是一个活跃的贸易国，通过定期
海上和空中运输服务与主要的贸易伙伴保持联
系。新西兰是世界上最大的羊毛出口国之一
，也是单个出口乳制品
(
尤其是黄油、奶酪和奶
粉
)
、羊羔肉和羊肉最多的国家。其他主要出口产品有
木材、木器、水产和园艺品。中国是
新西兰的主要贸易伙伴国之一，
两国在许多领域里的交琴，
包括文化、
教育和卫生方面的交
流，近年来有增无减。
Unit Seven Tour and
Visit
参观访问
Text
Passage One
汉译英：
P203
学位点
degree program
国家级重点社科研究基地
key social science research
centers
博士后科学研究流动站
post-doctoral research stations
国家级重点学科
national key
disciplines
两院院士
academicians of the Chinese
academy of science and the Chinese academy of
engineering
网络教育
online education
科举制
imperial examination
日月光华
,
旦复旦兮
brilliant are the sunlight and the
moonlight after night the day dawns
again
人文精神
humanistic spirit
披荆斩棘
,
筚路蓝缕
negotiate various
impediment
博学而笃志
,
切问而近思
extensive
scholarship with unyielding dedication and earnest
inquiry with close examination
治学态度
educational philosophy
取精用弘的学术思想
the academic ideology of extracting the
best and exploiting the greatest
怀抱超旷的才隽学人
graduates with brilliant
scholarship
高等教育发展的重中之重
priority among
institutions of high learning
承前启后
inherit fine tradition and usher in the
future mission
精诚团结
,
< br>共襄盛举
strive together
in good faith
文理工医科综合性大学
a comprehensive
university with a complete range disciplines in
liberal arts, science, engineering and
medicine
面提升知名度和影响力
elevate
influence and visibility in all dimensions
社会转型时期
a period of social
transition
百年传承之名校
a
prestigious university with a century-long
academic tradition and
intellectual
esteem
各位来宾：
1
、欢迎各位参观复旦大学。
这是我校的主
校区，我们还有
3
个分校区，这次不在参观的
< br>范围内。在来宾们参观我校之前，请允许我先简要地介绍一下我校的概况。
Distinguished guests,
Welcome
to
Fudan
University.
This
is
the
main
campus
of
the
university.
We
have
three
sub,-campuses, which are not on this
tour list. Before you start to look around, allow
me to give
you a brief account of this
university.
2
、
复旦大
学目前拥有
17
个全日制学院、
69<
/p>
个系、
73
个学士学位点、
201
个硕士学位点，
22
个一级学科和
134
个二级学科可授予博士学位。
复旦大学还有
7
个教育部国家级重点社科研
究基地、
9
个国家级基础科学研究基地、
25
个博士后科学研究流动站。复旦大学拥有国家级
< br>重点学科多达
40
个，
在全国排
名第三。
复旦大学还设有
77
个研究所
、
112
个跨学科研究所和
5
个国家级重点实验室。此外，复旦大学拥有
8
家
从事医疗、教学和科研的一流教学医院。
Fudan
University, currently, comprises 17 full-time
colleges and schools, 69 departments, 73
bachelor's degree programs, 201
master's degree programs, 22 disciplines and 134
sub-disciplines
authorized
to
confer Ph. D.
degrees.
It
has
7 key
social
science
research
centers
of
Ministry
of
Education, 9 national basic science
research and training institutes and 25 post-
doctoral research
stations. It has 40
national key disciplines granted by the Ministry
of Education, nationally third,
77
research
institutes,
112
cross-disciplinary
research
institutes
and
five
national
key
laboratories. Also, Fudan University
has eight first-class teaching hospitals that
integrate medical
service, medicine
education and research.
3
、
复旦大学拥有高水准的全职教学科研人员
2
400
多名，
其中包括
1 350
名教授和副教授、
24
名两院院士，以及<
/p>
660
名博士生导师。目前学校的在校生已达
45
000
名，包括全日制学生
以及接受继续教育和网络教育的学生。此外，还有
1
760
名外国留学生，在全国排名第二。
Fudan University boasts a high-level
faculty of over 2,400 fulltime teachers and
researchers,
including 1,350 professors
and associate professors, 24 academicians of the
Chinese Academy of
Sciences
and
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Engineering,
660
doctoral
supervisors.
Currently,
Fudan
University
has
an
enrollment
of
over
45,000,
including
full-time
students
and
students
in
continuing
education
and
online
education.
Also,
there're
nearly
1,760
students
from
overseas,
nationally second.
4
、
复旦大
学创办于
1905
年，
是我国历史最悠
久的高等院校之一。
20
世纪初，沉睡迷茫、
< br>积贫积弱的中华民族正处于前程晦暗之中。
一批爱国志士将西方学术翻译引进，<
/p>
教育的现代
化受到国人关注。
数百年的科
举制于
1905
年被废除。
同年，
复旦大学的前身复旦公学草创于
上海。
Fudan
University
was
founded
in
1905, now
known
as
one
of
China's
leading
institutions
of
higher
learning
with
the
longest
history.
The
beginning
of
the
20
th
century
witnessed
an
impoverished
and
enfeebled
China
that
slumbered
in
dim
prospects.
It
also
saw
a
number
of
patriotic
intellectuals
of
ideals
and
integrity
translating
and
introducing
Western
academic
knowledge. Modernizing education came
to be an immediate concern among the Chinese
people.
A consequence of that concern
was the abolishing of the age-old imperial
examination system in
1905. In the same
year, Fudan Public School, the predecessor of
Fudan University, was founded in
Shanghai.
5
、
复旦大学的名字取自于古代
“
日月光华，旦
复旦兮
”
。复旦大学在其悠久的发展历程
中，
注重科学知识的传授与科学人才的培养，
注重中华民族现
代理性的开展与人文精神的养
成，可谓披荆斩棘，
筚路蓝缕。<
/p>
复旦大学以其民主自由的学术风气，对中国东南的知识分子
文化和
都市文化的建构，产生了极其重要的
影响。
The
name
of
the
university
Fudan,
meaning
morning
sun
rising
again
can
be
etymologically
traced
back
to
an
ancient
Chinese
book
which
includes
a
poetic
line.