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十二属相
中国民间有一个传统习俗，人一出生
，就有一种动物做他的属相。属相，也
叫“生肖”，是中国民间传统的纪年和计算年龄的
方法。
中国古代的纪年法是帝王年号与“干支”并用，其中“
干支纪年法”从史书
上有明文记载的公元前
841
年（庚申年），一直沿用到现在。“干”是“天
干”，有十个字组成，这十个
字是：甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、
癸。“
支”是“地支”，由十二个字组成，这十二个字是：子、丑、寅、卯、
辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥。
把天干的十个字和地支的十二个字按顺
序配合起来，可以得到
60
种排列，如：甲子、乙丑
、丙寅??这
60
种排列
周而复始，循
环使用，每六十年叫做“一个甲子”。如公历的
2001
年，是
农
历的辛巳年，公历的
2002
年，是
农历的壬午年；而六十年后，
2061
年又是
< br>辛巳年，
2062
年又是壬午年。从东汉（
25
——
220
）时开始，
人们又用鼠、
牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪
1
2
种动物来配十二地支，组
成了十二生肖，也叫十二属相。这就
是子鼠、丑牛、寅虎、卯兔、辰龙、巳
蛇、午马、未羊、申猴、酉鸡、戌狗、亥猪。
这样，子年是鼠年，丑年是牛
年，寅年是虎年??
< br>于是，每个人一出生，就有一种动物作他的属相。子年
出生的属鼠，丑年出生的属
牛，寅年出生的属虎，以此类推。
现在，中国人在用公历纪年
和计算年龄的同时，仍然习惯用属相纪年和推算
年龄。
twelve symbolic
animals
it is traditional in
China,when a perpon is born,one
animal(shuxiang)is used to symbolize
this ng,also called
shengxiao(any ofthe
12 animals representing the Earthly Branches),is
a
traditional
way
in
China
to
number
the
years
and
to
record
a
person's
age.
The
ancient
Chinese people
invented
the method
to
designate the
years
by the Heavenly Stems consist of the
characters:jia,yi,bing,ding,wu,ji,geng,xi
n,ren,and the
Earthly Branches are
composed of 12
characters:zi,shu,yin,ma
o,chen,si,wu,wei,shen,you,xu,hai.
Combin
i
ng each of the 10 Heavenly Stems with
one of the 12
Earthly Branches in
sequence creates 60 chronological
example
jiazi,yichou,bingyin,
60
symbols are used in circles and thus
each year has a
chronological
example,2001 corresponds to
xinsi,2002
to renwu in the lunar calendar;after 60
years,2061,once again,corresponds to
xinsi,and
2062,to ,people used 12
animalsto
correspond to the 12 Earthly
Branches,forming
the 12Symbolic
Animals,namely Earthly Branch One
Rat,Earthly Branch Two Ox,Earthly
Branch Three
Tiger,Earthly Branch Four
Rabbit,Earthly Branch Five
Dragon,Earthly Branch Six Snake,Earthly
Branch Seven
Horse,Earthly Branch Eight
Sheep,Earthly Branch Nine
Monkey,Earthly Branch Ten
Rooster,Earthly Branch
Eleven
Dog,Earthly
Branch
Twelve
Pig
.Thus
the
zi
year
is
the
Year of
the Rat,and the chou Year is the year of the
Ox,and the yin
Year
is
the
Year
of
the
Year
of
Tiger,etc.
Therefore,when
a
person
is
born,he
has
an
animal
as
his
aymbolic
year
2002
was
a
renwu
year
under
lunar
calendar,also
the
year
of
Horse,and
so
children
born
in
this
yea
are
all
Horse
babies.
Even
though
the
Chinese
people
now
number
the
years
and
their
age under the Gregorian calendar,the still
continue
to
use
the
symbolic
long
as
people
know a person' probable age and his
symbolic
animao,people
can
infer
his
exact
age
and
year
of
birth.
小孩儿满月与抓周
在中国，小孩儿的满月酒和抓周仪式独具特色。在孩子的成长过程中，这两
个仪
式有里程碑式的纪念意义。
小孩儿出生满一个月的那天，孩子
的家人一般要招呼亲朋挚友，邀请他们一
起来庆祝孩子满月。按照中国的传统，这一天，
家里会充满了喜庆和节日的
氛围，满月就要办得热热闹闹才行。不过最近这些年，这个习
俗在城市尤其
是年轻夫妇中有逐渐被淡化的趋势。但是，小孩儿满月对于每个家庭来说，
仍然是一个非常值得纪念的高兴的日子。
“抓周儿”中的“周”是小孩儿满一周岁的意思。关于“抓周儿”，最早记
载于北齐
。“抓周儿”也就是在小孩儿满周岁那天，吃中午的长寿面之前，
摆上经书、笔、墨、纸
、砚、算盘、钱币、账册、首饰、花朵、胭脂、吃食、
玩具等，如果是女孩儿则要加摆铲
子、勺子（炊具）、剪子、尺子（缝纫用
具）、绣线、花样子（刺绣用具），再由大人将
小孩抱来，令其端坐，父母
及他人不给予任何的引导或暗示，任孩子随意挑选，看他先抓
什么，后抓什
么，并以此为依据来预测孩子可能存在的志趣和将从事的职业以及前途。<
/p>
One-Month-Old
Feast and One-Year-Old Catch(zhuazhou) of
babies
In
China,One-Month-Old Feast and One-Year-Old Catch
of a baby are of
unique Chinese two
ceremonies are
milestone-like
significance in the growing process of a baby.
On
the
day
when
a
baby
is
a
month
old,the
family
of
the
baby
will
invite
their
friends
and
relatives
to
a
ceremony
to
celebrate
the
a traditional One-Month-Old
Ceremony,there will be a rejoicing
and
festive atmosphere in the family and the feast is
supposed to be
lively and r,in recent
years this custom has been
gradually
abandoned among young heless,One-Month-Old
Feast still remains a memorable and
happy moment for every family.
Zhou in the word zhuazhou means
historical record about zhuazhou
appearde during the Dynasty of
Northern
the day when ababy is a year old , the family of
the
baby will lay out sutras,brush
pens,ink sticks,paper,ink
slabs,abacus,copper coins,account
books,jewelries,flowers,rouges,foods,toys, < /p>
girls,scoops,scissors,rulers,thread,scis
sor-cut will be
parents then put the
baby in front of these articles and make it sit
will give and instruction or cue to
the baby so that it is
left free to
choose by ng the baby catch the articles it
likes,the family can then make
predictions about its potential
interests,future career and
development.
婚礼
结婚是人生中的一件大事。传统的中式婚礼古朴而又热闹，隆
重、喜庆并且
礼节周全，场面的铺陈颇具特色，不过在现代，尤其是在城市里，已经很少
见了。
花轿是传统婚礼的核心内容之
一。结婚时，新娘要坐在花轿里从娘家被抬到
男方家中。花轿一般分四人抬，八人抬两种
，又有“龙轿”“凤轿”之分。
除去轿夫之外，还有持笙锣、伞、扇等的随行人员，一般
的轿队少则十几人，
多则几十人，很是壮观。传统的中式婚礼中，新娘要蒙着红盖头，在
伴娘的
伴随下，由新郎手持的大红绸牵着，慢慢地登上花轿。在新娘成花轿去往男
方家里的途中，颠花轿是必不可少的热闹场面。轿夫一起左摇右摆使花轿不
稳，新娘坐在里面也是左摇右晃。有的时候，新郎甚至不得不代替新娘或者
和新娘一
起向众人抱拳施礼求饶，而这个时候，众人欢笑不止，实际上是为
了增添新人成婚之日的
喜庆气氛。
中式传统婚礼的最重要的部分便是拜堂成亲。新人
走到天地桌前，上面摆放
有装满粮食的斗，斗的四周写上“金玉满斗”四个大字，以红纸
封口，斗内
四角放若干硬币，以供拜完天地后看热闹的亲朋好友掏出来求取吉利之意。<
/p>
斗中要插一柏枝，枝上缀有铜钱，这个柏枝便被称作“摇钱树”。斗旁放一
杆秤、一面镜、织布机杼、一灯或一蜡烛。新郎在右，新娘在左，并肩站在
天地
桌前，执事人高声喊道：“一拜天地，二拜高堂，夫妻对拜”。民间的
说法认为，男女只
有在拜过天地后才能算作是正式夫妻，因此对这个拜堂的
仪式非常重视。还有民间习俗有
这样有趣的研究，即如果新郎在结婚的当天
因故不能拜天地，就让他的姐妹抱只公鸡来代
替。
坐完花轿、拜完天地、接下来新人要入洞房了。洞房是一
直延续下来的叫法，
新人入了洞房以后，按照习俗，新郎新娘的同辈亲友聚集在洞房里，
对新郎
新娘开一些充满暗示的玩笑。这时即便过头一点，新郎新娘也不会生气，而
是想办法巧妙化解，因为亲朋好友闹洞房图的是高兴和热闹。
Wedding
Marriage is the most important thing in
the China, a
traditional
wedding
is
simple
and
lively,ceremonious,and
are some unique features in
this ceremony,but in modern
society,especially in the city ,it is
hardly seen any more.
The
bridal
sedan
is
the
core
of
the
traditional
wedding,the
bride should sit
in the sedan, then be lifted from her mother's
home
to her husband' lly,there are two
kinds of sedan,that
is ,four-lifter and
eight-lifter,also divided into
sedan
gongs,umbrellas,fans
and so on,besides lifters,In group,there are
more
than
ten
people
at
least,and
the
occasion
is
very
a
traditional
weddin,accompanied
with
a
bridesmaid,
the
bride
wearing
a
red veil and led along by the bridesgroom who
holds a red silk in
his hand,enters the
bridal the way to the husband's
home,lifters jolt the sedan as it is
necessary in a joyful
s swing the sedan
from left to right,causing the bride
to
sit unsteadily times the bridegroom has to
substitute
for
his
bride
or
beg
to
everyone
else,while,all
laugh
to
adding
to
the
jubilance.
The wedding ceremony is the most
important part of a traditional
Chinese
wedding. The newlyweds go to the table for heaven
and earth
where
there
is
a
dou(a
kind
of
basket)full
of
dou
is
written
with red are many coins placed in the
four corners of the
dou to provide
the
branch,called
s,one
steelyard ,a mirror ,a loom,alamp or a candle are
also placed near the ards, the groom
stand on the left
side,the
bride
right
by
his
side,while
the
director
prompts,
bow
to
the heaven and earth;second bow to the
parents;third bow to each
other
to
the
folk
saying,
they
will
not
be
the
formal
couple
until bowing to the heaven and a
result,people pay a great
attention
to
this
interesting
custom
is
that
if
the
groom
cannot
come to this ceremony,he should ask his sister to
hold a cock
instead.
After taking the bridal sedan,bowing to
the heaven,it's time for the
newlyweds
to go to the bridal ing to custom,their
relatives
and
friends
get
together
in
the
bridal
chamber
to
banter
the
newly
this time,the newlyweds will never get angry enven
if
the teasing games are a bit
outrageous,but will try to skillfully
dissolve since the relatives and
friends intend to delight them.
旗袍与中国传统服饰
旗袍源自清代满
族女性服饰，被誉为中国传统服饰文化的典范。它不仅在整
体造型的风格方面符合中国文
化和谐的特点，而且它的装饰手法也展现着浓
厚的东方特质。另外，穿旗袍可以增加形体
的修长感，配上中高跟鞋，更可
以抬升人体的重心，将东方女性的端庄、典雅和含蓄的美
展露出来。因此旗
袍在中国民族服装中独领风骚，久盛而不衰。
中国男子的传统服饰比较有代表性的为长袍、马褂，长袍和马褂都是满族男
子的服装，盘领、窄袖，马褂是对襟，大都有马蹄袖，长袍为大襟。也有马
褂
、长袍相连的两部形式，这种形式的长袍只有下半截，连扣在马褂的内下
摆。长袍马褂给
人的感觉是既不乏庄重，又显得洒脱和舒适。
2001
年
APEC
会议各国元首穿着“唐装”集体亮
相，
掀起了一股以穿“唐装”
为时尚的风潮。将“唐装”作为中
式服装的通称，主要因为国外都称华人居
住的地方为“唐人街”，所以“唐人”作为中式
服装的通称，主要是因为国
外都称华人居住的地方为“唐人街”，所以“唐人”穿的衣服
自然就叫做
“唐装”了。当今的“唐装”是由清代的马褂演变而来的，它的款式结构有<
/p>
四大特点：一是立领，上衣前中心开口，立式领型；二是连袖，即袖子和衣
服整体没有接缝，以平面裁剪为主；三是对襟，也可以是斜襟；四是直角扣，
也
就是盘扣；另外从面料来说，则主要使用织锦缎面料等。
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