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2021
< br>届高三百所名校好题精华速递分项汇编（
2
）之阅读理解
阅读理解
【
2020
届重庆市巴蜀中学高三高考适应性月考卷（十
)
】
London’s
Must
-See Exhibitions
This
year is zipping along at quite a speed, and
London's already witnessed some great exhibitions.
But big
treats are still to come.
Van Gogh’s Sunflowers and
Sta
rry Night at Tate Britain
A major exhibition at Tate Britain,
which examines how Van Gogh was inspired by
British art, and how he in
turn
inspired British artists. His famous painting
Sunflowers fills the gallery with joy, while a
work of a red-haired
man with piercing
(
锐利的
) blue eyes stares out
at visitors.
The EY Exhibition: Van
Gogh and Britain at Tate Britain. Until 11 August,
?
22.
Glass Master at Kew
Gardens
Dale Chihuly creates sculptures
out of glass that we would normally think
impossible. His bright colorful forms
twist and expand as if they are living
creatures. With 32 of his sculptures around Kew
Gardens, we're looking forward
to Kew
becoming even more beautiful than it already is.
Chihuly at Kew: Reflections on Nature
at Kew Gardens. 13 April-27 October,
?
13.75.
More of
Moore at Museum of London
Henry Moore
is best-known for his abstract figure sculptures,
with a fantastic collection at the British Museum.
What many won't know about is his
obsession (
痴迷
) with armour
(
盔甲
), and the sculptures he
created inspired by
Renaissance armour.
Actually, they're going on display at Museum of
London, next to the armour that inspired them.
Henry Moore: The Helmet Heads at Museum
of London. Until 23 October, ?
11.
Shining a Light on Rembrandt at Dulwich
Picture Gallery
Dulwich Picture Gallery
commemorates 350 years since the death of
Rembrandt with an exhibition on the man
who mastered the use of light and dark
in his paintings. The last Rembrandt exhibition in
London was superb
—
more
of the same, please.
Rembrandt's Light at Dulwich Picture
Gallery. 2 October-2 December, ?
15.
1
．
At which place
can you enjoy Van Gogh’s paintings?
A
．
Tate Britain.
C
．
Museum of
London.
B
．
Kew
Gardens.
D
．
Dulwich Picture
Gallery.
2
．
What
is the feature of Henry Moore: The Helmet Heads?
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A
．
Henry Moore’s
best
-known sculptures.
B
．
A fantastic
collection of abstract paintings.
C
．
Sculptures
inspired by Renaissance armour.
D
．
Paintings of
impressive armour in past times
3
．
Which of the
exhibitions is available in November?
A
．
The EY
Exhibition Van Gogh and Britain.
B
．
Chihuly at Kew:
Reflections on Nature.
C
．
Henry Moore:
The Helmet Heads.
D
．
Rembrandt’s
Light.
【答案】
1
．
A2
．
C3
．
D
【解析】
本文是应
用文。文章介绍了伦敦的几个艺术展览。
1
．细节理解题。根据题干
Van
Gogh
定位到第一个展览中的
The EY
Exhibition: Van Gogh and Britain at Tate
Britain
可知，在
Tate B
ritain
可以欣赏到梵高的画。故选
A
。
2
．细节理解题。根据第三个
展览可知，
Henry Moore
最著名的是抽象人物雕塑，
藏品在大英博物馆。许多
人不知道的是他对盔甲的痴迷，以及他受文艺复兴时期盔甲的启
示而创作的雕塑，而这些将会在伦敦博物
馆展出。故选
C
。
3
．
推理判断题。
根据每个展览介绍部分的最后一行时间信息可知，
Rembrandt’s Light
在
11
月举办。
故选
D
。
An American brother and
sister have survived a 14-hour swim to safety in
the Caribbean after the fishing
boat
they had rented sank off the north coast of St
Lucia.
Dan Susk, 30-year-old IT
professional from San Francisco, said he had been
fishing in rough seas with help
from
his sister, Kate Suski, a 39-year-old architect,
when the ship began to sink on 21April. Water
flooded the engine
room. T
he
captain threw life jackets to the Suski and said,
“Jump out! Jump out!” The Suski obeyed and jumped
into
the water with the captain and the
first mate (
大副
). Less than
five minutes later the boat sank. They were at
least
eight mile was telling us to stay
together, and that help was on its way and that we
needed to wait, Kate Suski said.
After
an hour, when no help came, the Suski decided to
swim for it and lost sight of the captain and the
first mate.
A helicopter appeared in
the distance but no one spotted them. Several
hours went by, and the sun began to set.
“There’s this very real understanding
that the situation is
dire
,”
Kate Suski said both considere
d the
possible ways we
might die. Would we
drown? Be eaten by a shark? Would our legs give
out and make it impossible to swim?
They swam for 12 to 14 hours, talking
as they pushed and trembled their way through the
ocean. When in the
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moonlight
they finally came within about 10 meters of land
they realized that they were looking at steep
rocky cliffs
and would be beaten to
death against them if they tried to approach any
closer. They swam until they noticed sand
nearby around midnight and dragged
themselves ashore. Later, the Suski were treated
in hospital. They learned that
the
captain and the first mate were rescued after
spending nearly 23 hours in the water.
4
．
How many people
were there on the fishing boat before it sank?
A
．
5.
C
．
3.
B
．
4.
D
．
2
5
．
What does the
underlined word
A
．
Awkward
C
．
Perfect.
6
．
What do we know
about the Suskis?
A
．
They were
rescued by a helicopter.
B
．
They survived
23 hours in the water.
C
．
They swam over
eight miles to the shore
D
．
They got back
on land as soon as they saw it.
7
．
Which of the
following can best describe the Suskis?
A
．
Brave and calm.
C
．
Optimistic and
generous.
【答案】
4
．<
/p>
B5
．
B6
．<
/p>
C7
．
A
【解
析】
本文为记叙文。文章讲述了两兄妹船上遇险，跳海自救的故事。
4
．细节理解题。从文中可以看出，船上有
captain
，
first
mate
，以及
the Suskis
兄妹，一共四人。故选
B
。
5
．词句猜测题。根据第三段开始的情景描述：
“
一架直升机出现在远处，但没有人发现他们。几个小时过
去了
，太阳开始落山了。
”
由此可知，兄妹俩面临的形势非常严峻，
因此推断划线词与
B
项
Serious
意思相
近。故选
B
。
6
．细节理解题。根据第二段
的中间信息
They were at least eight miles
from shore.
可知，兄妹俩落水的时候离
海岸至少<
/p>
8
英里，在故事的最后他们成功游到了岸上。由此推断，他们游了
8
英里到达岸上。故选
C
。
7
．推理判断题。根据
文中描述可知，
the Suskis
临危不乱，寻求生机，说
明他们很有勇气。看到峭壁能辨别
危险，寻找新的上岸机会，说明他们是沉着冷静的。故
选
A
。
When you're a teen you start being more
aware of what other people th
ink. There
seems to be a “right”
B
．
Strong and
sensitive
D
．
Faithful and
curious
B
．
Serious
D
．
Different
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thing to
wear, or say, or do. There also seem to be things
that you shouldn’t do
-things that could
be embarrassing, or
lose your points
with friends. This can lead to social anxiety.
Some kids feel so anxious that they
develop something called social anxiety disorder
(
障碍
), which is diagnosed
(
诊断
) when you
worry so much about how you appear to others that
you stop doing things you need to and want to
do for fear of embarrassing yourself.
Kids with social anxiety
disorder aren't just nervous when they’re at
parties or gi
ving a speech in class.
Even
small interactions
(
互动
), like answering a
question in class or eating with friends in the
cafeteria can feel extremely
scary to
kids with social anxiety disorder. That's because
they fear they might accidentally do something
embarrassing or offensive, and it will
make others judge or even reject them.
And while kids who are just shy will
gradually warm up to new people and situations
over time, kids with social
anxiety
don't. Shyness might hold you back to some degree
from doing things, but it won't deeply influence
your
ability to do your job as a
teenager, which is to function in school, function
in your family, and to have friends and be
a part of your peer-related community.
But social anxiety will.
Many teens
experience anxiety disorders. Being brave and
telling someone how you feel might seem scary, but
if you can get over that obstacle,
someone will want to listen. Asking for help can
be hard, but it really is important.
8
．
What is the
main cause of social anxiety?
A
．
Lack of
friendship.
C
．
School
performance.
B
．
One's
appearance.
D
．
Other’s
judgment.
9
．
Who is most
likely to be diagnosed with social anxiety?
A
．
Alice, who
skips school to avoid answering questions in
class.
B
．
David,
who always thinks he can't do as well as his
classmates.
C
．
Chris, who
feels nervous every time he gives a speech in
public.
D
．
Jenny,
who has been in low spirits since she failed the
last exam.
10
．
Social anxiety
disorder differs from shyness in that
.
A
．
it influences
people around you
B
．
it only makes
your grades suffer
C
．
it greatly
affects your normal life
D
．
it is related
to your study or work
11
．
What is the
best title for the text?
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A
．
What Is Social
Anxiety Disorder
B
．
How Social Fear
Ruins Relationships
C
．
Why Teens
Suffer from Social Anxiety?
D
．
When Anxiety
Disorders Go Unnoticed
【答案】
8
．
D9
．
A1
0
．
C11
．
A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年中普遍存在的
社交焦虑症的各种特征，并对此提出了建议。
8
．细节理解题。根据第二段
“when you worry so
much about how you appear to others that you stop
doing things
you need to and want to do
for fear of embarrassing yourself.
”
可知，
当你过于担心自己在别人眼中的形象，
以
至
于因为害怕尴尬而停止做你需要做的、想做的事情时，你就会患上这种疾病。所以来自
他人的意见看法是
导致焦虑的主要原因，故选
D
项。
9
．
< br>推理判断题。
根据第三段
“
Ev
en small interactions (
互动
),
like answering a question in class or eating with
friends
in the cafeteria can feel
extremely scary to kids with social anxiety disord
er
”
可知，对于患有社交焦虑症的孩子来
说，
即使是很小的互动，
比如在课堂上回答问题或与朋友在
餐厅吃饭，
也会让他们感到极度恐惧，
推断出
< br>A
项
“
不想在课堂上回答问题而
逃学的
Alice
”
最有可能被诊断为
社交焦虑症。故选
A
项。
10
．细节理解题。根据文章的倒数第二段
“
Shyness might hold you back to some
degree from doing things, but it
won't
deeply influence your ability to do your job (
害羞可能会在某种程度上阻碍你做事，但它不会显著影响你
作为一个青少
年的工作能力
)
”
及最后一句
“
But social anxiety will.(
但社交恐惧症会
)
”
可知，
社交恐惧症与害羞
的不同之处在于，它会影响正常生活，所以
C
项
“
它极大地影响你的正常生活
”
正确。故选
C
项。
11
．主旨大意题。第一段最后一句
“
This can lead to social anx
iety.
”
表明本文主题，并结合全文内容可知，本
文主要介绍了社交恐惧症的各种表现和特点。所以短文的最佳标题为
“<
/p>
什么是社交焦虑症
”
故选
A
项。
Scientists may one day be able to
destroy viruses in the same way that opera singers
break wine glasses.
New research
mathematically determined the frequencies at which
simple viruses could be shaken to death.
The capsid (
壳
) of
a virus is something like the shell of a turtle,
said physicist Otto Sankey of Arizona State
University. “If the shel
l
can be damaged by mechanical vibrations
(
震动
), the virus can be
destroyed.”
Recent
experimental evidence has shown that laser
(
激光
) pulses with the right
frequency can kill certain
viruses.
However, locating these resonant
(
共振的
) frequencies is a bit
of trial and error. Experiments must try
various conditions, Sankey said.
To further this search, Sankey and his
student Eric Dykeman have developed a way to
calculate the vibrations of
every atom
in a virus shell. From this, they can determine
the lowest resonant frequencies. An experiment has
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recently
shown that pulses of laser light can cause
destructive vibrations in virus shells. Sankey
said, “Like pushing a
child on a
swin
g from rest, one sudden push gets
the virus shaking.”
However,
it is difficult to calculate what sort of push
will kill a virus, since there can be millions of
atoms in its
shell structure. A direct
calculation of each atom’s movements would take
several h
undred thousand Gigabytes of
computer memory, Sankey explained.
The team plans to use their technique
to study other, more complicated viruses. However,
it is still a long way
from using this
to destroy the viruses in infected people. “This
is such a new f
ield, and there are so
few experiments
that the science has
not yet had enough time to
prove
itself,” Sankey said. “We remain hopeful but
remain skeptical at
the same
time.”
12
．
What is the
new way to kill viruses?
A
．
Replacing
viruses’ capsids with shells.
B
．
Breaking
viruses’ capsids by vibration.
C
．
Locating the
position of certain viruses.
D
．
Damaging the
conditions that viruses like.
13
．
Why does
Sankey mention “pushing a child
on a swing” in Paragraph 4?
A
．
To prove how
simple the new theory is.
B
．
To explain how
to start the virus shaking.
C
．
To suggest the
idea comes from our real life.
D
．
To show the
destructive power of vibrations.
14
．
What is the
fifth paragraph mainly about?
A
．
The shell
structure of viruses.
B
．
The lack of
computer memory.
C
．
The challenging
part of the research.
D
．
The importance
of atoms’ movement.
15
．
What is
Sankey’s attitud
e towards the theory?
A
．
Disapproving.
C
．
Uncaring.
【答案】
12
．
B13<
/p>
．
B14
．
C1
5
．
D
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种使用一定的振动频率来破坏病毒的全新方法。
B
．
Worried.
D
．
Positive.
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12
．细节理解题。根据第二段的
The capsid
(
壳
) of a virus is something
like the shell of a
turtle
和
If the shell can
be damaged by mechanical vibrations
(
震动
), the virus can be destr
oyed.
可知，病毒有一层外壳，如果受到机械
振动则可以将
其破坏，病毒就可以毁灭。故选
B
。
13
．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句
Like pushing a child on a swing from
rest
，
one sudden push gets
the virus
shaking.
可知，就像从秋千上推
孩子一样，一个突然的推动就会让病毒颤抖，因此推断，
Sankey
< br>是用类比的
方式帮助读者了解这种破坏病毒原理。故选
B
。
14
．主
旨大意题。根据第五段的内容可知，由于病毒的外壳结构中可能有数百万个原子，因此很难计算出
哪种推动会杀死病毒。直接计算每个原子的运动将需要消耗大量计算机内存，因此本段主要讲的是在这项
研究中会遇到的主要问题。故选
C
。<
/p>
15
．推理判断题。根据全文的最后一
段的
We remain hopeful but remain
skeptical at the same time.(
我们仍然充
满希望，但同时保持怀疑
)
可知，
< br>Sankey
对这项新技术的未来是有信心的。故选
D<
/p>
。
阅读理解
【
2020
届宁夏银川一中高三下学期第五次模拟】
Going out guide
R&B:
Melanie Fiona
Known for such songs as
“It Kills Me” and “This Time,”
R&B
singer Melanie Fiona made her first musical
album(
唱片
) in 2009
with “The Bridge” and followed it up with “The MF
Life” in 2012. A new album, “Next Train, ”
is planned to drop this year.
8 pm, Feb. 13. Howard Theatre.
202-803-2899. $$ 30
—
$$ 59. 99.
Ballet
: John Cranko's “Romeo
& Juliet”
Celebrated South
African choreographer (
编舞者
)
John Cranko created the dance inspired by
Shakespeare’s
lovers with a score by
Sergei Prokofiev. The production was first
performed in the United States in 1969 and returns
to the Kennedy Center under the
artistic direction of Julie Kent.
Feb.
14
—
18. Kennedy Genter.
202-467-4600. $$ 25
—
$$ 160.
Exhibit(
展览
):
“Brand New: Art and Commodity
(
商品
) in
the
1980s”
This exhibit shows
the commodification of art in the 1980s, when
trade, art and entertainment became unclear.
The exhibit shows works by 68 artists,
including Jeff Koons, Barbara Kruger and Julia
Wachtel.
Feb. 14 through May 13.
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden.
202-633-1000. Free
R&B: Valentine's
Love Jam
R&E artists are known for some
of our most beloved(
喜爱的
)
love songs, and the performers lined up for this
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show are no
exception. Singer-
songwriters Tyrese
(“Sweet Lady”) and Joe (“I Wanna Know”) join
forces with SWV
(“Weak”) ,Dru Hill
(“Beauty”) and Next (“Wifey”) for this
show.
8 p. m., Feb. 17.
EagleBank Arena. 703-493-4000. $$
59
—
$$ 99.
1
．
Which number
should you call if you are interested in dance?
A
．
703-493-4000.
B
．
02-633-1000.
C
．
202-467-4600.
D
．
202-803-2899.
2
．
Where can
people enjoy a free show?
A
．
Hirshhorn
Museum and Sculpture Garden.
B
．
Kennedy Center.
C
．
EagleBank
Arena.
3
．
When can
you attend a love song concert?
A
．
Feb. 18.
B
．
Feb. 17.
C
．
Feb . 14.
D
．
Feb. 13.
D
．
Howard Theatre.
【答案】
1
．
C2
．
A3
．
B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了近期一些艺术活动的
信息。
1
．细节理解题。由
Ballet:
John Cranko's Romeo &
，
Juliet
以及其介绍内容中的
Celebrated South
African
choreographer John Cranko
created the dance inspired by Shakespeare's lovers
with a score by Sergei Prokofiev
可
知，该节目以芭蕾舞的形式演出。如果对舞蹈感兴趣的话，可以拨打电话
20
2-467-4600
来了解节目详情。
故选
< br>C
。
2
．细节理解题。由
Exhibit:
“Brand New: Art and Commodity in the
1980s”
中最后一句
Feb. 14 through
May 13.
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture
Garden. 202-633-1000. Free
可知，观众可以免费观看此次
展览，展览的地点
是
Hirshhorn Museum
and Sculpture Garden
。故选
A
。
3
．细节理解题。由
R&B: Valentine's Love Jam
介绍内容中的
R&B
artists are known for some of our most
beloved love songs
以及
8pm, Feb. 17
可知，观众可以在
2
月
17
日
聆听节奏蓝调歌手们的情歌演唱会。故
选
B
。
My
teacher
，
nn
，
was the most influential
teacher I ever had.
I had gotten into
trouble in his class:Another student had pushed me
for fun
，
and I became angry
and began to
hit nn stopped the
fight
，
but instead of sending
me to the office
，
he sat me
down and asked a simple
question
，
“Penna
，
why
are you wasting your
life
？
Why aren't you going to
college
？
”
I didn't know anything about colleges
or one had ever considered that a fatherless boy
from the
poorest neighborhood had a
day
，
instead of rushing off
for lunch
，
he stayed and
explained possible
education options to
the end of our talk
，
he sent
me to see a secretary who had a child at a state
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was in 1962
at Emerson High School in Union
City
，
New Jersey.
Well
，
55 years
have passed
，
and what have I
done with the knowledge he gave
me
？
I gained a PhD from
Fordham University when I was only 29.I
taught English and social studies and then moved
up the chain of command
from teacher to
principal(
校长
).
I've sat on the board for Magnet
Schools of America and represented that
organization at the United Nations.I've
won a number of great educational
where would I be if a truly caring teacher had not
taken the time out of
his lunch period
to speak to me
？
It was
without question only his confidence in me that
helped me forward.
I have repaid his
kindness hundreds of times by encouraging
misguided youngsters to aim I have saved
any children
，
it
is because of I have been a successful
educator
，
it is because I had
a great role model in
nn.
4
．
The writer
________ before nn talked to him.
A
．
was an active
boy
B
．
was an
aimless boy
C
．
liked making
troubles in class
D
．
would get
punished by his teachers
5
．
Which of the
following best describes nn?
A
．
Fair.
B
．
Confident.
C
．
Inspiring.
D
．
Humorous.
6
．
How did nn
influence the writer?
A
．
He set the
writer on the right path.
B
．
He was strict
with the writer.
C
．
He helped the
writer with his study.
D
．
He tried to set
a good example to the writer.
7
．
What does the
writer think of his achievement?
A
．
He is very
proud of himself.
B
．
He feels his
effort gets paid off at last.
C
．
He owes his
achievement to nn.
D
．
He thinks it an
honor to be a successful educator.
【答案】
4
．
B5
．<
/p>
C6
．
A7
．<
/p>
C
“
我
”
在遇到我的老师
Mr. Bachmann
【解析】
本文是记叙文。
作者在文中记述了一位对自己有深远影
响的老师。
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以前是一个没有人关心、不求上进的人，但
Mr. Bachm
ann
对我的教导，改变了
“
我
”
的一生，最终成为了一
个成功人士的故事。
4
．推理判断题。由文章第二段
“I
had gotten into trouble in his class: Another
student had pushed me for fun, and I
became angry and began
to
hit him.”
以及第三段
“
I
didn't know anything about colleges or
scholarships. No one had
ever
considered that a fatherless boy from the poorest
neighborhood had a future
．
”
可知，我在遇见
Mr. Bachmann
之前没有人关心过我，是一个无目标、不求上进的孩子。因此我对未来并没有什么计划，而是漫无目的，
故选
B
。
5
．推理判断题。第三段
“That
d
ay
，
instead of
rushing off for lunch
，
he
stayed and explained possible education
options to me
．
At
the end of our talk
，
he sent
me to see a secretary who had a child at a state
college
．
This was in
1962at Emerson High School in Union
City
，
New Jersey”
可以知道，他鼓励我让我看清自己的未来，他对
“
我
”
是有激励性的，在文章中并没看到巴赫曼老师
的公平、自信以及幽默，因此
A
、
B<
/p>
和
D
是错误的，故选
C
。
6
．推理判断题。由第二
“asked a simple question:
?
Why aren't you going to
college?
”
和第三段
“I didn't know
anything about colleges or one had ever
considered
that a
fatherless
boy from the poorest neighborhood had a future….At
the end of our talk
，
he sent
me to see a secretary who
had a child
at a state college”
可知，我原来的生活
是没有目标、没有未来的，而巴赫曼老师替我指出了正确的
道路，故选
< br>A
7
．
推理判断题。
由文章中最后一句话
“If I have saved any
children
，
it is because of I
have been a successful
educator
，
it is
because I had a great role model in Mr
．
Bachmann
．
”
可知，我把我的成功归结为巴赫曼老师对
我的鼓励。故选
C
Cats
may have “attachment
(
依恋
) styles” that are
similar to those of people. Contrary to cats'
original
reputation, most cats form
deep, close relationships with their owners,
researchers say.
A team of researchers
studied the relationship between the owners and
their kittens by a type of psychology
experiment. They set up a room, which
is bare except for a few toys. The team instructed
each owner to sit in a circle
outlined
on the floor in the middle of the room and ignore
his or her kitten for two minutes, not making eye
contact or
speaking unless the cat
stepped inside the circle. Owners were allowed to
interact (
互动
) with their pet
if the cat
entered the circle. Then,
the owner left the cat alone in the room for two
minutes, before re-entering and again sitting
inside the circle.
The
researchers tested 79 kittens and their owners and
recorded each pair’s interactio
ns on
camera. Based on
how the cat reacted to
their owner’s return, the researchers believed 70
of the participants have attachment styles. The
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findings
indicate that the attachment is probably a
biological characteristic that may have evolved
(
进化
) to improve
survival.
To see if a
particular kitten’s attachment could change with
training, 39 of the kittens were arranged to join
a
special class and 31
w
eren’t. For six weeks of classes, the
kittens that attended a special class socialized
with other
cats and unfamiliar adults,
and learned how to sit or walk on leash
(
皮带
). But when all of the
kittens repeated the
original
experiment, very few switched attachment styles.
It proves that the relationship formed between a
human and
a cat is stable over time,
which means those first interactions are
important, the researchers say.
The
team hopes that understanding how cats bond with
humans could help more stray
(
无主的
) cats be adopted.
8
．
What is the
original impression that cats make on people
according to the text?
A
．
Indifferent.
C
．
Kind.
9
．
What is the
second paragraph mainly about?
A
．
The process of
the experiment.
B
．
The type of the
experiment.
C
．
The
achievements of the team.
D
．
The effect of
the research.
10
．
What does the
training classes suggest about a cat’s attachment
to humans?
A
．
It changes
easily.
B
．
It
forms in six weeks.
C
．
It lasts for a
long time.
D
．
It
only shows to its owner.
11
．
From which is
the text probably taken?
A
．
A biology
textbook.
B
．
A
research paper.
C
．
A health
magazine.
D
．
A
travel brochure
【答案】
8
．
A9
．
A10
．
C11
．
B
【解析】
本文是说明文。研究人员说，与猫最初的名声相反，大多数猫与它
们的主人形成了深厚而密切的
关系。
B
．
Close.
D
．
Lazy.
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8
．推理判断题。根据第一段的
Cats may have “attachment
(
依恋
) styles” that are
similar to thos
e of people.
Contrary to cats' original reputation,
most cats form deep, close relationships with
their owners, researchers say.(
猫
可能有类似于人的
“
依恋
”<
/p>
风格。
研究人员说，与猫最初的名声相
反，大多数猫与它们的主人形成了深厚而
密切的关系
)
可推断，猫给人们的最初的印象是不容易与人亲近，是冷漠的。故选
A<
/p>
。
9
．主旨大
意题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段讲述了研究小组建立了一个小房间，除了几个玩具外，光秃
< br>秃的，猫主人坐在一个圆圈里，忽略他们的小猫，除非它们进入圆圈，然后离开，留下猫在房间里，然后< /p>
再进去坐在圆圈里。因此可知，本段讲述了实验的过程。故选
A<
/p>
。
10
．
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段的
It
proves that the relationship formed between a
human and a cat is stable over
time
可知，研究人员说，这证明了人类和猫之间形成的关系随着时间的推移是稳定的。因此可知，猫对
人
类的依恋持续很长时间。故选
C
。<
/p>
11
．推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本
文主要讲述研究表明大多数猫与它们的主人形成了深厚而密切的关系，
因此推断这属于研
究报告。故选
B
。
If humans ever settle on Mars, they
will need water. There is just one problem---there
seems to be only huge
sheets of ice.
Luckily, we know how to
drill(
钻孔）
ice for
water. Such methods are already used in
Antarctica, and
researchers now think
they could get them to work on the Red Planet,
too. The atmosphere of Mars is too dry to make
extracting water vapour from it
possible. So ice seems the best bet. But the
obvious ice sheets are in the unlivable
polar ice caps and would be difficult
to reach for drilling.
However, in
2018, at the edge of the cliffs, NASA's Mars
Reconnaissance Orbiter spotted relatively
accessible
water ice that is probably
at least 130metres thick and covered in just a few
metres of rock and dust. These may be the
best place to get the water needed for
future exploration of the planet.
The
drilling techniques needed have already been
developed for cold areas on Earth where we need to
melt
buried ice for water. In the early
1960s the US Army used a type of subsurface
reservoir(
水库
)called Rod
Well, in
army camps in Greenland. The
method works by drilling through the ground into
the ice, melting the ice to create a
pool, and then pumping water up. By
supplying heat continuously, they create a
reservoir and a steady water
supply. It has
been used in remote areas such as the Amundsen-
Scott South Pole Station Stephen Hoffman at the
Aerospace Corporation in Texas and his
colleagues simulated(
模拟
)how
a Rod Well would do on Mars. They found
that with the power of 9 kilowatts
(
千瓦
)to melt ice, it could in
theory produce about 380 litres of water each day
and
maintain a reservoir of constant
size at the bottom of a
borehole(
钻孔
). That is close
to the average daily water use
each
person in the US, but about 10 times what each
astronaut on the International Space Station uses
daily.
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12
．
Which of the
following can replace the underlined word
A
．
obtaining
C
．
Preventing
B
．
protecting
D
．
choosing
13
．
Why does the
author mention the Rod Well in Paragraph 3?
A
．
To explain how
water ice is drilled on Mars.
B
．
To tell about
the history of water ice drilling techniques.
C
．
To prove the
importance of water ice drilling techniques
D
．
To show
techniques for drilling water wells in Martian ice
exist.
14
．
On
average, how much water does an astronaut on the
International Space Station use daily?
A
．
10 litres
C
．
160 litres
15
．
What would be
the best title for the text?
A
．
Preparing to
settle on the Red Planet one day.
B
．
Finding water
on the Red Planet for survival.
C
．
Using some ways
to create a livable environment on Mars.
D
．
Drilling water
wells in Martian ice to survive on Mars.
【答案】
12
．
A13
．
D14
．
B15
．
D
【解析】
这是
一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如果人类要在火星上生存可以通过人类现有的技术在火星巨大的
冰层上钻冰取水。
12
．词义猜测题。根据第一段
The
atmosphere of Mars is too dry to make extracting
water vapour from it possible
（火星的大气层太干燥
，无法从其中
_____
水蒸气）可知，依据划线前提到了火星
的大气层太干燥可推出从
大气层
“
获取
”
水蒸气是不可能的。
A.
obtaining
获取；
B. protecting
保护；
C. preventing
阻止；
D. choosing
选<
/p>
择。故选
A
项。
13
．推理判断题。根据第三段
The
drilling techniques needed have already been
developed for cold areas on Earth
where
we need to melt buried ice for water. In the early
1960s the US Army used a type of subsurface
reservoir called
Rod Well, in army
camps in Greenland
（在地球上寒冷的地区，我们需要融化地下的冰
以获得水，而所需的钻
探技术已经开发出来。在
20
世纪
60
年代早期，美国军队在格陵兰的军营中使
用了一种叫做
Rod Well
的地
下
水库）可知融化地下冰已获得水的技术已经开发出来了。文章第一段中提及人类是无法从火星的大气层
中获得水的，只能从巨大的冰层中钻冰取水。第三段告知我们钻冰取水的技术已经有了，将来可用于 火星
B
．
38 litres
D
．
380 litres
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开发中。故选
D
项。
14
．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段
They found that
with the power of 9 kilowatts
（千瓦）
to melt ice, it could
in theory produce about 380 liters of
water each day and maintain a reservoir of
constant size at the bottom of a
borehole(
钻孔）
.
That is close to the average daily water use each
person in the US, but about 10 times what each
astronaut on the International Space
Station uses daily.
他们发现，用
9
千瓦的能量融化冰，理论上每天可以产生
380
升的水，并在一个钻孔底部维持一个恒定大小的蓄水池。这接近于美国人均日用水量，但大约是国际空
间站每位宇航员日用水量的
10
倍）可知，美
国人均日用水量是
380
升的水，这个用水量是每位宇航员日用
水量的
10
倍。因此可以算出宇航员日
用水量
38
升左右。故选
B
项。
15
．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段
If humans ever settle on
Mars, they will need water. There is just one
problem---there seems to be only huge
sheets of ice. Luckily, we know how to drill ice
for water. Such methods are
already
used in Antarctica, and researchers now think they
could get them to work on the Red Planet, too.
（如果人
类在火星定居，他们将需要水。只有一个问题
< br>——
这里似乎只有巨大的冰层。幸运的是，我们知道如何钻
冰取水。这种方法已经在南极洲使用，研究人员现在认为他们也可以在这颗红色星球上使用）可知，如果
人类要在火星上生存可以通过人类现有的技术在火星巨大的冰层上钻冰取水。在文章第二段提到
，在火星
上找到了可被人类利用的冰。文章第三段提到了现有的
“
钻冰取水
”
的技术。综合分析，故选
D
项。
阅读
理解
【
2020
届四川省天府名校高三
5
月教学质量联合测评】
Island Lobster
(
龙虾
) Company Open
Owners Katie and Thom Werner opened
Island Lobst
er Company earlier this
week. It’s located on Peaks Island
in
the space formerly occupied by Peaks Island House.
The 64-seat establishment is a trap-
to-
table restaurant. The Werners are
serving lobsters that they’re tr
apped
and
hauled in with their own boat. You
can see a copy of their menu on their website.
Coals Pizza Opens Today
Coals Pizza is scheduled to open today
at 5 pm. Coals is located at 114 Preble Street in
the former Portland &
Rochester space.
This is Coal
s’ only location outside of
New York.
They specialize in grilled
pizza. You can see their
full menu
online.
Luke’s Lobster
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The seafood
spot, which will soft open for dinner on
Wednesday, is a major milestone for the lobster
company
that first launched in
Manhattan in 2009. Started by Cape
Eliz
abeth native Luke Holden, Luke’s
Lobster debuted in
New York City’s East
Village, and went on to make its mark in 10 cities
across the U.S.—
plus Japan and China.
Under Construction: Twist
A
new food truck called Twist is under development
Twist is a collaboration between Melissa Lombardi,
a
former manager at Woodford F&B and
Dan Zarin, the longtime writer of the Breakfast
Serial column. Twist will be
serving
customized ice cream and shakes made to order.
1
．
What is special
in Island Lobster Company?
A
．
It serves
freshly caught lobsters.
C
．
It is a
milestone for the lobster company.
B
．
It is the only
location outside of New York.
D
．
It serves
customized ice cream and shakes
2
．
Where should
you go if you want to have pizza?
A
．
Peaks Island.
C
．
Portland &
Rochester space.
B
．
114 Preble
Street.
D
．
New
York City's East Village.
3
．
Which
restaurant has opened a branch in China?
A
．
Island Lobster
Company.
C
．
Luke's
Lobster.
【答案】
1
．
A2
．
B3
．
C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介
绍了几家特色饭店。
1
．细节理解题
。根据第二段第二句
“
The Werners are
serving
lobsters that they’ve trapped
and hauled in with their
own
boat
”
（
The Werners
正在提供龙虾，他们用自己的船捕获和捕捞龙虾）由此可知，它提供新鲜的现抓龙
虾。故选
A
。
2
．细节理解题。根据第三段
“
Coals Pizza is scheduled to open today at 5 pm. Coals is located at 114 Preble Street
in the former Portland & Rochester
space.
”
（
Coals Piz
za
预定今天下午
5
点开始营业。
Coals
位于前波特兰和
罗切斯特空间的普里波街
114
号）由此可知，如果
你想吃披萨，你可以去普里波街
114
号。故选
B
。
3
．
细节理解题。
根据第四段第二句
“
Started by Cape Elizabeth native Luke
Holden, Luke
’
s Lobster
debuted in New
York
City
’
s East Village, and
went on to make its mark in 10 cities across the
U.S.
—
plus Japan and China.
”
（卢克
·
霍
尔顿
(Luke
Holden)
是土生土长的
Luke
Holden
人，他创办了卢克龙虾餐厅
(Luke’s Lo
bster)
，并在纽约市首次
亮相，随后在全美
10
个城市风靡开来
-
加上
日本和中国。
”
）由此可知
,
Luke’s Lobster
在中国开了分店。故
选
C
。
B
．
Coals Pizza.
D
．
Twist.
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【
2020
届四川省天府名校高三
5<
/p>
月教学质量联合测评】
I've
handled chopsticks skillfully for decades. While
it used to amuse me, it mildly annoys me now that
Chinese
react with astonishment to see
a foreigner handle them
—
as
if someone from a country that put a man on the
moon
would somehow be incapable of
handing two simple stic
ks. As you can
see, China’s influence
stretched far
and wide
long before
opening-
up in the late 1970s or today’s
Belt and Road Initiative. So the idea that most
foreigners cannot
use chopsticks is,
simply put, fiddlesticks.
My first
exposure to chopsticks came way back in the 1960s
via the elementary piano tune known as Chopsticks,
which aroused my curiosity as to what
the word meant. Not long afterward, my parents
introduced me to Chinese
food at King
Fong Cafe in Omaha, Nebraska, which, I only
learned recently, was among the landmarks of the
heartland city’s
once
-thriving Chinatown in the early
1900s.
In fact, I have undergone
special
kuaizi
training
(improving skills, for example, by constantly
picking up peanuts
when I lived with my
Chinese
tai chi
master) and
experimentation (exploring the use of chopsticks
to snap up
popcorn and donuts; I’m
working on ice cream).
But
there’s one western food for which chopsticks are
truly a godsend: salads. After moving to China in
2014, I
bought a salad at a convenience
store, and the clerk handed me
kuaizi
. I refused at first,
but then thought, “All right”
and gave
it a try.
Amazingly useful! I could
pick and choose each small piece much more
carefully, without having to move
awkwardly trying to spear
(
刺
) the crispy carrot or
cherry tomato and then move it mouth ward.
Another clear advantage of these
simplest of tools is that they regulate the pace
and volume of eating. It's much
harder
to “pig out” by shoveling food with chopsticks
than with a fork and
spoon.
However, in the spirit of
globalization, let’s
not overlook the
finer points of knife and fork. In fact, a handy
thing
about the fork is that everyone
can basically use it with each hand. I dare to say
that, for Chinese and foreigners alike,
switching hands while using chopsticks
is not so readily done with confidence.
4
．
What makes the
author feel unhappy about using chopsticks?
A
．
The comments on
chopsticks from foreigners.
B
．
Incapacity to
handle two simple sticks.
C
．
The idea that
foreigners don't like chopsticks.
D
．
Reaction of
Chinese on seeing him using chopsticks.
5
．
W
hat
does the underlined word “fiddlesticks” in
Paragraph 1 mean?
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A
．
nonsense
C
．
acceptable
B
．
reasonable
D
．
shameful
6
．
What is the
advantage of chopsticks according to the passage?
A
．
They can let
people wolf down food easily.
B
．
They can spear
the crispy carrot or cherry tomato.
C
．
They can be
amazingly useful to eat western food.
D
．
They can help
users control the pace and volume of eating.
7
．
What is the
best title for the passage?
A
．
Me and
Chopsticks
C
．
The
Globalization of Chopsticks
【答案】
4
．
D5
．
< br>A6
．
D7
．
< br>A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位外国
人使用筷子的心得和体会。
4
．细节
理解题。根据第一段第二句
“
... it mildly
annoys me now that Chinese react with astonishment
to see a
foreigner handle
them
—
as if ...
”
中国人看到外国人可以熟练使用筷子时惊讶的表情让作者有稍许恼怒。因此，
让作者不高兴的是中国人看到他使用筷子时的反应。故选
D
。
5
．词义猜测题。根据第一段
中
While it used to amuse me, it mildly
annoys me now that Chinese react with
astonishment to see a foreigner handle
them
—
as if someone from a
country that put a man on the moon would
somehow be incapable of handing two
simple sticks. As y
ou can see, China’s
influence stretched far and wide long
before opening-
up in the
late 1970s or today’s Belt and Road Initiative. (<
/p>
虽然这曾是我的消遣，但现在看到外国
人摆弄筷子时中国人的反应
让我有点恼火
——
就好像一个把人送上月球的国家的人不知怎的
连两根简单的
筷子都不会拿。正如你所看到的，早在上世纪
70
年代末开放或今天的
“
一带一路
”
倡议之前，中国的影响就
已经非常广泛
)
，这两个事实的对比说明认为外国人不会用筷子是一件
“
nonsense
”
的
事。故选
A
。
6
．细节理解题。根据第六段
“
An
other clear advantage of these simplest of tools
is that they regulate the pace and
volume of eating.
”
（这些最简单的工具的另一个明显优势是，它们可以调节进食的速度和数量。
）由此可
知，
筷子能帮助使用者控制吃饭的速度和量。故选
D
。
7
．主旨大意题。根
据全文可知
,
文章讲述作者与筷子之间的故事，介绍了自己使用
筷子的心得体会。故
A
项（
Me
and Chopsticks
）我和筷子作为题目更为贴切。故选
A
。
I. M. Pei, one
of the best-known architects of the 20th century,
has died. He was 102. Born in China, Ieoh
Ming Pei moved to the United States in
1935 to study architecture at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology and
B
．
Chinese Kitchen
Culture
D
．
Two
Sides of Chopsticks
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Harvard
University.
Pei’s works around the
world include museums, government buildings,
hotels, schools and other structures built
with stone, steel and glass. One of his
best-known and most disputed works was built 30
years ago. Pei created a new
entrance
for the world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris. Pei
first spent four months studying the museum and
French
history. He then drew plans for
a 21-meter-tall steel and glass id, with three
smaller pyramids nearby. It was a very
futuristic style of work for the 12th-
century building.
A French newspaper
criticized Pei’s pyramids as “an annex to
Disneyland”. An environmental group said they
belonged in a desert. Others accused
Pei of ruining one of the world’s greatest
landmarks.
Pei said the
Louvre was the most difficult job of his career.
He argued that he had wanted to create a modern
space that would not take away from the
traditional part of the museum. He said the glass
pyramids were based on the
works of
French landscape architect Le Notre. They honored
French history.
The pyramids opened in
the spring of 1989. Over the years that followed,
the structure came to be loved by most,
if not all, of its critics.
Other well-known Pei buildings include
the John F. Kennedy Library in Dorchester,
Massachusetts, the National
Center for
Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, the
East Wing of the National Gallery of Art in
Washington
and the Dallas City Hall in
Texas. Pei officially retired in 1990. However, he
continued to work on
projects
—
including museums in Luxembourg,
Qatar and his ancestral home of Suzhou.
8
．
What is true
about the entrance created by Pei for the Louvre
Museum?
A
．
Pei
spent four mouths drawing plans for it.
B
．
There are four
pyramids in total.
C
．
It’s in a style
of th
e 12th century.
D
．
It took 30
years to complete the work.
9
．
What can we
infer from Pei’s words in Paragraph 4?
A
．
The glass
pyramids were originally designed by Le Notre.
B
．
The glass
pyramids were based on the French landscape.
C
．
The glass
pyramids were in harmony with the Louvre.
D
．
The glass
pyramids reflected both French and Chinese style.
10
．
What were most
people’s attitudes towards Pei’s pyramids years
after its opening?
A
．
Indifferent.
C
．
Critical.
B
．
Puzzled.
D
．
Favorable.
11
．
What do we
know about Pei according to the passage?
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A
．
He was
hardworking, optimistic and easygoing.
B
．
He spread
Chinese traditional architecture to the world.
C
．
He created many
great works both in China and other countries.
D
．
He was the most
outstanding architect of the 20th century.
【答案】
8
．
B9
．
C10
．
D11
．
C
【解析】
这是
一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了贝聿铭在建筑领域上的成就。
8
．细节理解题。根据第二段第五句
“
H
e then drew plans for a 21-meter-tall steel and
glass pyramid, with three
smaller
pyramids nearby.
”
然后，他绘制了一个
21
米高的钢和玻璃金字塔的计划，附近还有三个较小的金字
塔。由此可知，卢浮宫入口一共有
4
个金字塔
。故选
B
。
9
．推理判断题。根据第四段中
“
He
argued that he had wanted to create a modern space
that would not take away
from the
traditional part of the museum. He said the glass
pyramids were based on the works of French
landscape
architect Le Notre. They
honored French history.
”
他争辩说
，他想要创造一个不会脱离博物馆的传统部分的现
代空间。他说，玻璃金字塔是基于法国
景观设计师勒诺特尔的作品。他们向法国历史致敬。可知这个玻璃
金字塔是与卢浮宫的传
统风格相契合的。故选
C
。
10
．细节理解题。根据第五段第二句
“
Over the years that followed, the
structure came to be loved by most, if not
all, of its critics.
”
在接下来的几年里，该结构受到了大多数
(
如果不是全
部的话
)
批评人士的喜爱。由此可知，
这个建筑被大多数人喜爱。故选
D
。
11
．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句
“
However, he continued to work on
projects
—
including museums
in
Luxembourg, Qatar and his ancestral
home of Suzhou
”
然而，他继续从事项目工作<
/p>
——
包括卢森堡、卡塔尔和
他的祖籍苏州
的博物馆。由此可知，在中国和其他国家都有其创作的作品。故选
C
。
An increasing part of the
world is becoming artificially lit. Artificial
light is often seen as a sign of progress:
the march of civilization shines a
light in the dark; it takes back the night. But
some scientists argue that unnaturally
bright nights are bad not just for
astronomers but also for nocturnal
(
夜间的
) animals and even for
human health.
Now research shows the
night is getting even brighter. From 2012 to 2016
the earth’s artificially lit area
expanded by about 2.2 percent a year,
according to a study published last November in
Science Advances. However,
the
measurement does not include light from most of
the energy
–
efficient LED
lamps that have been replacing
sodium-
vapor (
钠气灯
) technology in
cities all over the world ,says Christopher Kyba,
a postdoctoral researcher at
the German
Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam.
The new data came from a NASA satellite
instrument called the Visible Infrared Imaging
Radiometer Suite
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(VIRS). It
can measure long wavelengths of light, such as
those produced by traditional yellow-and-orange
sodium-vapor street lamps. But VIIRS
cannot see the short-wavelength blue light
produced by white LEDs. This light
has
been shown to disturb human sl
eep
cycles and nocturnal animals’ behavior.
The team believes the ongoing switch to
LEDs caused already bright countries such as
Italy, the Netherlands,
Spain and the
U.S. to register as having stable levels of
lighting in the VIIRS data. In contrast, most
nations in South
America, Africa and
Asia brightened, suggesting increases in the use
of traditional lighting.
In 2016, a
study showed that one thi
rd of the
world’s population currently lives under skies too
bright to see the
Milky Way at night.
Between 2012 and 2016 the median nation pumped out
15 percent more long-wavelength light as
its GDP increased by 13 percent.
Overall, counties' total light production
correlated with their GDP.
12
．
Which of the
following can best describe artificial light?
A
．
Convenient but
unnatural.
C
．
Progressive but
uncomfortable.
B
．
Useful but
energy-consuming.
D
．
Civilized but
harmful.
13
．
What
can we know about the already bright countries?
A
．
Traditional
lighting is not used in those countries.
B
．
LED lights are
increasingly used in those countries.
C
．
Efforts to
reduce harmful light work in those countries.
D
．
People do enjoy
stable lighting in those countries.
14
．
Why does the
a
uthor mention “the median nation” in
the last paragraph?
A
．
To show
artificial light has an association with GDP.
B
．
To demonstrate
GDP plays an important part in the median nation.
C
．
To stress the
median nation was to blame for the light problem.
D
．
To suggest
artificial light should be banned in the future.
15
．
Where is the
passage most probably taken from?
A
．
A biology
textbook.
C
．
A
science magazine.
【答案】
12
．
D13
．
B14
．
A15
．
C <
/p>
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明人造光的影响。
12
．推理判断题。根据第一段
“
Artificial light is often seen as
a sign of progress: the march of civilization
shines a
light in the dark; it takes
back the night. But some scientists argue that
unnaturally bright nights are bad not just for
B
．
A
book review.
D
．
A
science fiction.
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astronomers
but also for nocturnal (
夜间的
)
animals and even for human health.
”
人造光常常被看作是进步的标志
:
文明的前进在
黑暗中闪耀着光芒；它让夜晚重现。但是一些科学家认为自然明亮的夜晚不仅对天文学家也
对夜间动物
,
甚至人类的健康造成伤害。由此可知，人造光虽
文明但有害。故选
D
。
13
．细节理解题。根据第三段
“
< br>But VIIRS cannot see the short-wavelength blue light produced by white LEDs.
”
（但
VIIRS
无法看到白色
le
d
产生的短波蓝光。
）
及第四段
“
The team believes the ongoing
switch to LEDs caused
already bright
countries such as Italy, the Netherlands, Spain
and the U. S. to register as having stable levels
of
lighting in the VIIRS data.
< br>”
（研究小组认为，持续使用
led
导致意大利、荷兰、西班牙和美国等亮度较高的
国家在
VI
IRS
的数据中显示出稳定的照明水平。
）由此可知，这些地方
的照明量稳定是因为这些地方正在使
用
LED
< br>灯替代别的灯具，而
LED
光是
VIIRS
测不出来的。故选
B
。
14
．推理判断题。根据最后一段
“
Between 2012 and 2016 the
median nation pumped out 15 percent more
long-wavelength light as its GDP
increased by 13 percent. Overall,
countries
’
total light
production correlated with
their GDP.
”
（从
2012
年
到
2016
年，
这个国家的长波长光的
平均输出量增加了
15%
，
GDP
增长了
13%
。
总
体
而言，各国的光生产总量与其
GDP
相关）由此可知，作者在最后一段提到
“
the median
nation
”
的目的是为了
展示人造
光与
GDP
有关。故选
A
。
15
．推理判断题。根
据上下文的行文特点
,
如
“
... according to a study published last November in Science
Advances.
”
“
... says Christopher Kyba,
a postdoctoral researcher at the German Research
Center for Geosciences in
Potsdam.
”
等综合各方观点的表述
,
可知本文是一篇来自科学杂志的报道。故选
C
。
阅读理解
【
2020<
/p>
届广西桂林十八中高三第十次适应性月考】
Four Inspiring Movies
Forrest Gump
（
1992
）
Forrest Gump is
a simple man with a low IQ but good intentions.
This movie follows the fictional story in which
the simple man makes his way through
some of the more
turbulent
（动荡的）
times from the
1960s through 1980s.
This film took
home six Oscars, inspired a “Weird Al” song, and
proves that a big heart is the most important
thing.
It's a Wonderful Lif
e
（
1946
）
No movie list would be complete
without a nod to the past. Let's go with this
Christmas classic, about a man with
serious financial troubles who intends
to commit suicide
by jumping off a
bridge. His guardian angel Clarence
（
自杀）
Odbody stops
him and tells him what life would have been like
for those close to him had he never been born.
Realizing how much he means to others,
he rushes back home and all sorts of happy,
inspirational, Christmassy things
happen.
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Dead Poet's
Society
（
1990
）
John
Keating
（
Robin
Williams
）
is a high school
English literature teacher at a famous all-male
boarding school
who gets into trouble
with the school administration after encouraging
his students to challenge authority and think
for themselves. It is certainly
inspirational, if not also frustratingly sad.
A Beautiful Mind
（
2001
）
This movie tells the story of John
Nash
（
Russell
Crowe
）
, a professor at
Princeton, a US university, who
revolutionized the field of game theory
and fell into madness as a result of paranoid
schizophrenia
（精神分裂症）
.
With the love and support of his family
as well as the help of medical professionals, he
managed to overcome his
mental illness
and continued to make contributions to the field
of mathematics.
1
．
What can we
know about It's a Wonderful Life?
A
．
It proves a big
heart important.
B
．
It has a happy
ending.
C
．
It
tells a story of friendship.
D
．
It is famous
for the leading role.
2
．
Which film are
Robin Williams' fans more likely to watch?
A
．
Forrest Gump.
C
．
Dead Poet's
Society.
B
．
I's a
Wonderful Life.
D
．
A Beautiful
Mind.
3
．
At the
end of A Beautiful Mind
，
the
professor___________.
A
．
became a famous
expert in psychology
B
．
got his
family's support for studying game theory
C
．
gained lots of
experience in treating schizophrenia
D
．
defeated the
disease and went on to pursue maths
【答案
】
1
．
B2
．
C3
．
D
【
解析】
这是一则电影广告。文章介绍了四部鼓舞人心的电影。
1
．
推理判断题。
根据
It's a Wonderful Life
（
1946
）
中
Re
alizing how much he means to others, he rushes
back home
and all sorts of happy,
inspirational, Christmassy things happen. “
意识到自己对别人有多重要，他急忙回家，各
种各样的快乐，
< br>鼓舞人心，
圣诞节般的事情发生了。
”
< br>由此判断出，
“It's a Wonderful Life”
有一个快乐的结尾。
故选
B
。
2
．
is
a high school English literature
推理判断题。
根据
Dead
Poet's Society
（
1990
）
中
John
Keating
（
Robin
Williams
）
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teacher at a
famous all-male boarding school who gets into
trouble with the school administration after
encouraging
his students to challenge
authority and think for themselves. It is
certainly inspirational, if not also frustratingly
sad.
“
约翰
·
< br>基廷
(
罗宾
·
< br>威廉姆斯饰
)
是一所著名寄宿男校的高中英语文学老师，
他鼓励学生挑战权威、独立思考，
却因此惹上了学校管理的麻烦。它肯定是鼓舞人心的，
如果不是也令人沮丧的悲伤。
”
由此判断出，
< br>Robin
Williams
的粉丝更有可能观看电影
Dead Poet's Society.
故选
C
。
3
．细节理解题。根据
A
Beautiful Mind
（
2001
）中
With the love and support of his
family as well as the help of
medical
professionals, he managed to overcome his mental
illness and continued to make contributions to the
field of
m
athematics.“
在家人的关爱和支持以及医学专业人士的帮助下，
他成功地克服了精神疾病，
并继续在数学领
域做出贡献。
”
由此可知，在《美丽心灵》一书的结尾，教授战胜了疾病，继续追求数学。故选
D
。
A
few years ago, my husband Charlie and I had
marital problems. Growing family responsibilities
and
financial worries took a toll on us
and we began arguing frequently, often late into
the night.
However, neither of us could
take the step that would end our eleven-year
marriage and bring heartbreak to our
three young children. Deep down we knew
we still loved each other, so we determined to
work it out. Through
countless
discussions, we began to close the gulf. The more
honest we were, the closer we became.
When I felt we were reaching solid
ground
, I asked my husband to give me
an “eternity (
永恒
) ring”. It
was not
so much the ring I wanted; it
was the reassurance (
保证
) I
thought it would bring.
We went
shopping on a beautiful summer day. We walked hand
in hand along a row of jeweler’s shops. Finally I
found a ring I liked. While waiting for
it to be adjusted, the jeweler took my left hand
and glanced at my engagement
ring. “May
I clean it for you?” he asked. “It really doesn’t
sparkle like it used to.” Charlie said as I
slipped the ring off
my
finger. A few minutes later the jeweler was back.
The ring shone like new!
On the drive
home, I didn’t take my eyes off
it. I forgot all about the eternity
ring. I just couldn’t believe how this
old ring suddenly sparkled the way it
had the day Charlie gave it to me. I had taken it
for granted these past years, but
with
a little polish it could still make my heart beat
fast.
And that’s the way it is with a
marriage. You have to work at keeping it polished
and new, or else the grime
(
污
垢
) of the
passing years will hide the joy. I put my hand on
the seat between us and spread my fingers. Charlie
covered
my hand with his. I felt I was
lucky to be able to see the sparkle in something
gold when I thought I needed something
new.
4
．
Why did the
author and her husband decide to solve the
problems?
A
．
They
were a famous couple.
B
．
They didn’t
want to divorce.
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C
．
The problems
were not serious.
D
．
They had
experience in doing so.
5
．
What does the
underlined part in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A
．
free of trouble
C
．
wealthy and
generous
B
．
arriving at a
square
D
．
in good
relationship
6
．
Why did the
author forget all about the eternity ring on their
way back home?
A
．
Her husband
kept it for her.
B
．
They didn’t
actually pay for it.
C
．
The old ring’s
light attracted her attention.
D
．
The couple were
talking all the way merrily.
7
．
What does the
author mainly want to express in the last
paragraph?
A
．
We
tend to prefer new objects to old ones.
B
．
One should
remain thankful for what he has got.
C
．
Marriage should
be constantly polished.
D
．
We should try
to rediscover the true value of old objects.
【答案】
4
．
B5
．
D6
．
C7
．
C
【解析】
本文
是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和丈夫曾经有过婚烟问题，但双方均未想要离婚，而是努力解决双
方之间的问题。当作者提出和丈夫一起去买永恒戒指的时候，由戒指除垢感悟到平凡的婚烟也应该像戒指
一样经常除垢，让它重新生机勃勃。
4
．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句
“
Dee
p down we knew we still loved each other, so we
determined to work it
out.
”<
/p>
，作者和丈夫仍然相互爱对方，都不想结束他们的婚烟，不想使孩子们伤心，所以他们决定
要解决他
们之间的问题。故
B
项正确。
5
．
词义猜
测题。
根据第二段最后一句
“
Thro
ugh countless discussions, we began to close the
gulf. The more honest
we were, the
closer we became.
”
可知，作者和丈夫解决
了他们之间的问题，关系越来越融治。再根据画线部
分所在句子中的
“I asked my husband to give me an “eternity (
永恒
) ring””
可推知，作者
感觉她和丈夫的关系已
经很好了，他们已经和好如初了。故
D<
/p>
项正确。
6
．
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句
“On the drive home, I
didn’t ta
ke my eyes off it.
”
可知，作者在回家的路上
眼睛一直盯着那枚结婚戒指，因为它经
过擦拭后重新放出了光芒，犹如丈夫刚给她的那天一样。早已忘记
他们是要去买
“
永恒戒指
”
。故
C
项正确。
7<
/p>
．推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句
“And that’s
the way it is with a marriage. You have to work at
keeping it
polished and new, or else
the grime (
污垢
) of the
passing years will hide the joy.
”
可知，作者认为对待婚姻也应该
像对待那枚戒指一样，经常除垢，经常发现婚
姻生活中的闪光点，使婚姻保持新鲜。故
C
项正确。
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Explorers
started making navigation
(
导航
) charts showing how wide
the ocean was more than 500 years
ago.
But it’s muc
h harder to calculate how
deep it is.
In 1872 the HMS Challenger,
a British Navy ship, set sail to learn about the
ocean, including its depth. It carried
181 miles (291 kilometers) of rope to
measure the depth of the ocean. During their four-
year voyage, the Challenger
crew
collected samples of rocks, mud and animals from
many different areas of the ocean. They also found
one of the
deepest zones, in the
western Pacific, the Mariana Trench which
stretches for 1,580 miles (2,540 kilometers).
Today scientists know that on average
the ocean is 2.3 miles (3.7 kilometers) deep, but
many parts are much
shallower or
deeper. To measure depth they use sonar, which
stands for Sound Navigation And Ranging. A ship
sends
out pulses of sound energy and
measures depth based on how quickly the sound
travels back.
Ocean scientists like me
study the sea floor because it helps us
better measure the ocean. Our planet’s outer,
layer
is made of tectonic plates. The
Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount chain, a line of peaks
on the ocean floor, was created
when a
tectonic plate moved over a spot where hot rock
welled up from deep inside the Earth. When two
tectonic
plates move away from each
other underwater, new material rises up into
Earths layer. This process, which creates
new ocean floor, is called seafloor
spreading. Sometimes super-hot liquids from inside
the Earth shoot up through
cracks in
the ocean floor called hydrothermal vents.
Amazing fish, shellfish, tube worms and
other life forms live in these zones. Between the
creation and
destruction of ocean
plates, sediments (
沉淀物
)
collect on the sea floo
r and provide an
archive of Earth’s history, the
evolution of climate and life that is
available nowhere else.
8
．
Why did the HMS
Challenger make the voyage?
A
．
To test
navigation.
C
．
To
explore the ocean.
B
．
To calculate
the age of the ocean.
D
．
To do research
into Mariana Trench.
9
．
How do
scientists know the depth of the ocean?
A
．
By measuring it
with ropes.
B
．
By
studying samples of rocks and mud.
C
．
By analyzing
the habitats of the animals.
D
．
By studying the
returning speed of the sound.
10
．
What is the
fourth paragraph mainly about?
A
．
Certain changes
of the sea floor.
B
．
The layers that
make up the Earth.
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C
．
The way that a
volcano comes into being.
D
．
Some
definitions of the seafloor spreading.
11
．
What can be a
suitable title for the text?
A
．
How Deep Is the
Ocean?
C
．
Ocean:
An Unknown World
【答案】
8
．
C9
．
D10
．
A11
．
A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了
“
探测海洋有多深
”
，科学家们已经探测出海
洋的宽度，但是对于海
洋深度的探索仍然没有定论，而对于海底的研究，也能帮助人们更
好地测量海洋。
8
．
细节理解题。
根据第二段首句
“
In 1872 the HMS Challenger, a British Navy ship,
set sail to learn about the ocean,
including its depth.
”
可知，英国皇家海军
“
挑战者号
”
启航出海的目的是探索海洋。故选
C
。
9
．细节理解题。根据第三段最
后一句
“
A ship sends out pulses
of sound energy and measures depth based on how
quickly the sound travels back.
< br>”
可知，船只发出声能脉冲，进而根据声音回传的频度来测定海洋的深度。故选<
/p>
D
。
10
．主旨大意题。
“
Ocean
scientists like me study the sea floor because it
helps us better measure the ocean.
”
为第
四段主题句。本段支撑细节围绕主题句展开。当海底（构造）板块移
动时，地球内部热岩迸发而出，形成
海底山峰，海底格局发生变化，不同地点的深浅度随
之而变。研究海底状况利于更好地准确测量大海。故
选
A
。
11
．主旨大意
题。文章首段提出问题，即计算海洋的深度是一件困难的事；第二段讲述英国皇家海军
“
挑战
者号
”
为
此进行的探索；第三段叙述科学家利用声能脉冲测量海洋的深度；第四、五段着重讲了海底发生的
地壳变化及生态状况。全文围绕
“
探测海洋到底有多深
”
这一主题由浅入深展开。故选
A
。
In the United
States
，
the baby boomer
generation(
婴儿潮一代
) include
those who were born in the time
after
World War II. Those babies have retired or are now
reaching the retirement age. As these adults age,
many of
their adult children worry
about how to take care of their aging parents. In
the United States it is not common for
several generations to live under one
roof. Once children grow up and get married, they
move out, leaving their aging
parents
to care for themselves. When these aging parents
can no longer take care of themselves because of
age or
illness, it is not uncommon for
adult children in the US to place their elderly
parents in a nursing home.
A nursing
home is a place that offers care for the elderly
and ill. As the name
suggests
，
nursing homes have
professionals including nurses, doctors
and social workers to help aging adults deal with
the challenges of daily life.
And their
mental health could be guaranteed for elderly
people to get relaxed, accompanied by those of the
same age.
B
．
How Is the
Ocean Studied?
D
．
Nature: A Place
for Wildlife
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Most nursing
homes also have social activities for the elderly
to participate in and keep active. These
activities range
from games to dance
classes, and movie nights. Nursing homes are
supposed to provide three nutritious meals for
their residents.
Nursing
homes are controversial, however. There have been
cases across the country of staff in nursing homes
treating the elderly residents badly
and even robbing them. There are different states
and federal agencies that are
supposed
to oversee(
监管
) nursing
homes. Some people feel that it should be the
responsibility of family members,
especially adult children, to care for
their aging or sick parents. However, many adult
children have their own
children and
families to take care of, and do not have the
means to care for their elderly parents; others
worry about
medical skills needed if
their elderly parents are seriously ill. And these
problems of caring for parents are bothering
more and more adults in the US at
present.
12
．
The
first paragraph mainly about___________.
A
．
when the baby
boomer generation in the US were born
B
．
whether the
elderly and their children should live together
C
．
why Americans
put their elderly parents in nursing homes
D
．
how Americans
look after their aging parents differently
13
．
How many
advantages of nursing homes are mentioned?
A
．
Three.
C
．
Five.
B
．
Four.
D
．
Six.
14
．
What’s the
writer’s attitude toward sending parents to
nursing homes?
A
．
Indifferent.
C
．
Favorable.
15
．
What’
s
the purpose of the text?
A
．
To discuss how
to care for aging parents.
B
．
To ask the
government to oversee nursing homes.
C
．
To prove
nursing homes do more harm than good.
D
．
To show
problems faced by American adult children.
【答案】
12
．
C13
．
B14
．
B15<
/p>
．
D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了美国年轻人所面临的的父母养老问题。
12
．主旨大意题。由第一段
“
Those babies have retired or are now reaching the
retirement age. As these adults age,
B
．
Understandable.
D
．
Disapproving.
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many of
their adult children worry about how to take care
of their aging parents. In the United States it is
not common
for several generations to
live under one roof. Once children grow up and get
married, they move out, leaving their
aging parents to care for themselves.
When these aging parents can no longer take care
of themselves because of age
or
illness, it is not uncommon for adult children in
the US to place their elderly parents in a nursing
home.
”
可知，婴
儿潮一代的人已
到了退休的年龄。他们的子女面临着如何照顾好父母的困境。在美国，孩子们长大结婚以
后就会搬出去住。上了年纪的父母要自己照顾自己。当父母不能自理的时候，美国的子女很多会把父母送
到养老院。所以本段在介绍美国年轻人面临的养老现状进而解释为什么很多人将父母送到养老院照
顾。故
选
C
项。
13
．
nursing
homes have professionals including nurses, doctors
and
细节理解题。
由第二段
“
As the name
suggests
，
social workers to
help aging adults deal with the challenges of
daily life. And their mental health could be
guaranteed
for elderly people to get
relaxed, accompanied by those of the same age.
Most nursing homes also have social
activities for the elderly to
participate in and keep active. These activities
range from games to dance classes, and
movie nights. Nursing homes are
supposed to provide three nutritious meals for
their residents.
”
可知，养老院有四
大优点。首先，那里有专业的医疗人员和社工来看护老人。其次，有同龄人的陪伴，老人在养老
院会心情
放松，身心愉悦。再次，老人在养老院可以参加各种社团活动，锻炼身心。最后
，养老院会提供可口营养
的食物给老人。所以提到了养老院的四大优点。故选
B
项。
14
．推理判断题。由第三段
“
However,
many adult children have their own children and
families to take care of, and
do not
have the means to care for their elderly parents;
others worry about medical skills needed if their
elderly
parents are seriously ill. And
these problems of caring for parents are bothering
more and more adults in the US at
prese
nt.
”
可知，将老人送到养老院实属无奈之举。作者提到了很
多美国年轻人面临的困境。很多家庭上有老
下有小，年轻人没有足够的财力来照顾老人。
还有的人在担心老人病了之后自己在家不能给予很好的护理。
由此可以判断作者认为将老
人送到养老院实属无奈之举，可以理解。故选
B
项。
15
．推理判断题。由全文以及最后一段
“
And these problems of caring
for parents are bothering more and more
adults in the US at present.
”
而这些照顾父母的问题正困扰着越来越多的美国成年人。由此判断出，整篇文章
的目的在说明美国年轻人面临的问题。故选
D
项。
阅读理解【
2020
届
“
皖江名校
”
高三决战高考最后一卷】
There's
so much to discover at the new Bell Museum
Audubon Animated
January
25-May 31
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This
fantastic exhibit brings to life artist John James
Audubon's Birds of America. Enter “The Audubon
Experience” video room and
find yourself surrounded by a virtual swamp and
forest where Audubon's painted birds
are brought to life through motion and
sound. View rare selections from the Bell's Birds
of America elephant folio.
Flex
(
活动）
your
creative and observational muscles in a
“Draw like
Audubon” hands
-on sketching
activity.
Star Parties
Monthly: January 31, February 28, March
13, April 3, May 1
Have you looked at
the rings of Saturn? The moons of Jupiter? Explore
the sky with the Bell! Free, informal
telescope observing nights are
informational and fun for the whole family. Bell
staff will guide you through
observations of the same celestial
(
天空的）
objects
that have inspired sky-gazers throughout history!
Space Fest
February 1 and 2
Join us for our annual festival of the
cosmos! We'll be celebrating the many women in
space science and their
contributions
to the field. There will be special guest
speakers, science demonstrations, special
planetarium (
天象馆）
shows, and hands-on astronomy
activities all weekend long.
Bell
Summer Camps
Adventures for the
promising scientist in your life
Camps
go on sale to Bell members on Saturday, February
8, for an exclusive week's pre-sale and discounts
of
$$ 30/ camp on full-week
registration.
Bell camps offer kids in
kindergarten-8
th
grade a fun
and enriching environment that encourages them to
explore
their scientific passions as
well as new subjects. Our camps include hands-on
activities, planetarium visits, games,
creative activities, field trips to see
researchers and labs around the University's Twin
Cities campus, and much more!
1
．
Which of the
following can you do at Audubon Animated?
A
．
Drawing birds.
C
．
Observing the
night sky.
B
．
Taking field
trips.
D
．
Watching
a science demonstration.
2
．
What event
would you go to if you want to celebrate women in
space science?
A
．
Audubon
Animated.
B
．
Star
Parties.
C
．
Space
Fest.
D
．
Bell
Summer Camps.
3
．
When should you
buy tickets for Bell Summer Camps to save money?
A
．
On January 25.
B
．
On February 1.
C
．
On February 8.
D
．
On March 13.
【答案】
1
．
A2
．
C3
．
C
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【解析】
< br>本文是一篇广告布告短文阅读。文章介绍了新的贝尔博物馆可以去发现和参加的活动。
1
．
细节理解题。
根据文章
Audubon
Animated
部分
“Enter “The
Audubon Experience” video room and find yourself
surrounded by a virtual swamp and
forest where Audubon's painted birds are brought
to life through motion and
sound.
”
和
“
Flex
（活动）
your creative
and observational muscles in a
“Draw
like
Audubon”
hands
-on sketching
activity.
”
可知，在
Audubon Anim
ated
活动中可以画鸟。故选
A
。<
/p>
2
．细节理解题。根据文章
Space Fest
部分
“We’ll be
celebrating the many women in space science and
their
contributions to the field.(
我们将庆祝许多从事太空科学的女性及其对该领域的贡献。
)
”
可知，如果你想庆祝
女性在太空科学方面的成就，
就参加
Space Fest
活动。故选
C
。
3
．细节理解题。根据文章
Bell
Summer Camps
部分
“
Camps go on
sale to Bell members on Saturday, February 8,
for an exclusive week’s
pre
-sale and discounts of $$30/camp on
full-week registration.
”
可知，<
/p>
2
月
8
日这一天
有
30
美元的折扣优惠，所以可以省钱。故选
< br>C
。
He
really did look like a tourist, with a camera
around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen sticking
out of his
tote bag.
The
portly man sat on the terrace, sipping lemonade
and pretending to look at a glossy cruise
brochure. His
sunglasses masked his
eyes, but I knew he wasn't looking at the
brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last ten
minutes.
As I brought him
his clam chowder (
蛤肉菜汤）
, he
coughed up a “thank you” and looked at me briefly.
I tried
not to stare at the tiny scar
across his left eyebrow.
I walked back
inside with my empty tray, shaking my head. He
looked familiar, but I couldn't quite place
it hit me. The car accident. The
mysterious (
神秘的）
stranger who helped me out of my
smashed car, just
before it exploded. I
rushed back to his table. He was gone.
I moved his saucer and found his tip,
along with a card: I am deeply indebted to you.
The night of your car
accident, I was
on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life
brought things back in perspective
(
观点）
. I now
live
an honest life, thanks to you. God bless you! Mr.
D
．
I trembled.
The night of my car accident, I was heading for an
interview in a shady dance club. Seeing human
kindness through his heroic gesture
turned my life around and brought faith back into
my life.
I
unfolded the tip
he left. Among the singles was a grand with a pen
mark underlining “In God We Trust.” I said
a silent prayer for him and got back to
work, smiling.
4
．
Why did the man
come to this restaurant?
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A
．
To get travel
tips from the brochures.
C
．
To spy on the
waitress.
5
．
What
can best describe the man?
A
．
Brave.
B
．
Honest.
C
．
Generous.
D
．
Transformed.
B
．
To have
delicious clam chowder.
D
．
To say thanks.
6
．
What does the
waitress probably want the man to know the most?
A
．
He is grateful
to her.
C
．
She
could have died in a car accident.
7
．
What is the
best title for the text?
A
．
A Happy
Accident
C
．
A
Mysterious Stranger
【答案】
4
．
D5
．
D6
．
B7
．
C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救了作者的
命，改变了双方的生活，让作者看
到了人性的善良，重拾生活的信心。
< br>
4
．推理判断题。第五段
I
moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a
card: I am deeply indebted to you. The
night of your car accident, I was on my
way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life
brought things back in perspective
(
观点）
. I now live
an honest life, thanks to you. God bless you! Mr.
D.
“
我移动了他的茶托，找到了他的小费和
< br>一张卡片
:“
我非常感谢你。
”
你车祸的那晚，我在去抢劫珠宝店的路上。拯救你的生命让事情回到正确的角
度。
多亏了你，
我现在过着诚实的生活。
上帝保佑你
!D
先生。
”
由此可知，
男士来这家餐厅是为了说
“
感谢
”
。
故
选
D
。
5
．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段
I
moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a
card: I am deeply indebted to
you. The
night of your car accident, I was on my way to rob
a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things
back in
perspective
(
观点）
. I now live an honest
life, thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D.
“
我移动了他的茶托，找到了
他的小费和一张卡片
:“
我非常感谢你。
”
你车祸的那晚，我在去抢劫珠宝店的路上。拯救你的生命让事情回
到正确的角度。多
亏了你，我现在过着诚实的生活。上帝保佑你
!D
先生。
”
由此可知，对这个男士的最好描
述是
“
摇身一变
”
。故选
D
。
6
．
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段
I trembled. The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in a shady
dance club. Seeing human kindness
through his heroic gesture turned my life around
and brought faith back into my
life.
“
我颤抖。我出车祸的那个晚上，我正要去一家阴暗的舞蹈俱乐部面试
。通过他英勇的举动看到了人类
的善良，这让我的生活彻底改观，也让我的生活重新充满
了信心。
”
由此可知，女服务员最希望男士知道
“
他
B
．
Two Sorrowful
People
D
．
Never
Too Late to Say “Thank You”
B
．
He changed her
perspective on life.
D
．
She remembers
who he is.
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改变了她对生活的看法。<
/p>
”
故选
B
。
7
．标题判断题。根据文章第一、二段<
/p>
He really did look like a tourist, with
a camera around his neck and a bottle
of sunscreen sticking out of his tote b
ag.
“
他看起来真的像个游客，脖子上挂着照相机，大手提袋
里露出一瓶防
”
和
The
portly man sat on the terrace, sipping lemonade
and pretending to look at a glossy cruise
brochure. His
晒霜。
sunglasses
masked his eyes, but I knew he wasn't looking at
the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last
ten
minutes.
“
胖男人坐
在露台上，喝着柠檬水，假装在看一本光滑的邮轮手册。他的太阳镜遮住了他的眼睛，但
我知道他没有在看小册子
:
他在过去的十分钟里没有翻过一页。
”
以及第三段中
The
mysterious (
神秘的）
stranger who helped me out of my
smashed car, just before it exploded. I rushed
back to his table. He was gone.
“
那
个神秘的陌生人，在我撞坏的汽车爆炸前帮我下了车。我冲回他的桌子。他走
了。
”
由此推知，
C
< br>项
“
一个神
秘的陌生人
”
为最佳标题。故选
C
。
You feel especially smart
and funny when talking to a particular person,
only to feel hopelessly
unintelligent
and tongue-tied in the presence of another.
Experiments show when people report
feeling comfortable with a conversational partner,
they are judged by
those partners and
by observers as actually being more witty
(
机智的）
。
It's just one example of the powerful
influence that social factors can have on
intelligence. As parents, teachers
and
students settle into the school year, this work
should encourage us to think about intelligence
not as a “lump of
something that's
in our heads,” as the psychologist
Joshua Aronson puts it, but as “a
transaction
among
people.”
Mr. Aronson, an
associate professor at New York University, has
been a leader in investigating the effects of
social forces on academic achievement.
Along with the psychologist Claude Steele, he
identified the phenomenon
known as
“stereotype
(
刻板印象）
threat.”
Members of groups believed not to be academically
good score much
lower on tests when
reminded in advance of their race or gender.
The pair's experiments in the 1990s
concluded that the performance of these students
suffered because they were
worried
about confirming negative stereotypes about their
group.
Minorities aren't the only ones
easily hurt by stereotype threat. We all are. A
group of people especially confident
about their mathematical abilities did
worse on a math test when told that the experiment
was intended to investigate
“why Asians
appear to perform better than other students on
tests of math ability.”
And
in a study published earlier this year in the
journal Learning and Individual Differences, high
school
students did worse on a test of
spatial (
空间的）
skills when told that males are better
at solving spatial problems
because of
genetic differences between males and females. The
girls were anxious about confirming assumptions
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about their
gender, while the boys were anxious about living
up to them.
The evolving literature on
stereotype threat shows that performance is always
social in nature. Even alone in an
exam
room, we hear a chorus of voices assessing,
evaluating, passing judgment. And as social
creatures, humans are
strongly affected
by what these voices say.
8
．
What does the
underlined word “transaction” in paragraph 3 refer
to?
A
．
Spatial
reasoning skills.
B
．
The ability to
remember information.
C
．
Interaction
between us and the environment.
D
．
Passing on knowledge from
teachers to students.
9
．
After being
told males typically perform better than females
in math, males are most likely to perform
.
A
．
better than
females
C
．
worse
than usual
B
．
the
same as females
D
．
worse than
females
10
．
Which
of the following “voices” in our h
ead
may influence performance on an exam?
A
．
“I am as
prepared as I can be.”
B
．
“I am supposed
to do well on this.”
C
．
“The testing
room is different from my classroom.”
D
．
“I am solving
the problems faster than the one sitting in front
of me.”
11
．
How do
stereotypes threaten our academic achievement?
A
．
Making us
unintelligent.
C
．
Limiting our
spatial reasoning skills.
【答案】
8
．
C9
．
C10
．
B11
．
< br>D
【解析】
本文为说明文。本文讲述了刻板印象对人们
的影响。
8
．猜测词义题。根据第一
、二自然段的意思，以及第三自然段中
this work should
encourage us to think about
i
ntelligence not as a“lump
of something that's in our heads,
a
transaction among
people.
”
(
这项工作应该促
使我们去把智力不是作为
“
我们头颅里面一团什么东西
”
来思
考，
....
而是作为
“
人们之间
< br>.....
”
.
来思考。
)
一句，
可以猜测出
“
transaction
”
的意思应
该是
“
人与所处环境之间的
相互作用相
互影响
”
。故选
C
。
9
．
skills when told that males
细节理解题。
根据第
7
段
high school students did worse on a test of
spatial (
空间的）
are better at
solving spatial problems because of genetic
differences between males and females.
（
因为男性和女性
之间的基因差异，当高中生被告知男性更擅长解决空间问题时，他们在空
间技能测试中的表现更差，
）可以
知道，在男生被告知在数学上
通常比女生表现更好之后，男性很可能表现得比平时差，故选
C
。
B
．
Reminding us of
our weaknesses.
D
．
Raising our
anxiety level.
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10
．
推理判断题。文章讲的是
stereotype
threat
对人的影响，
这种影响主要体现在
stereotype
事先对人设定了
assump
tion
，这种事先设定的
assumption
会使人产生压力和焦虑，这个
“
voice
”
会增加自我压力和焦虑，影响
应试者考试表现
。因此选项
B. I am supposed to do well on thi
s.
（这场考试我应该考好）与文章所讲内容吻合。
故选
B
。
11
．
推理判断题。
根据第
5
、
6
、
7<
/p>
三个自然段中所讲的实验结论，
以及文中如下句子
: the performance of these
students
suffered because they were worried about
confirming negative stereotypes about their group<
/p>
（这些学生的
表现受到影响，因为他们担心会证实对自己所在群体
的负面刻板印象）
; The girls were anxious about
confirming assumptions about their
gender, while the boys were anxious about living
up to them
（女孩们担心确
认对自己性别的假设，
而男孩们则担心是否能达到这些假设）
; And as social
creatures, humans are strongly
affected
by what these voices say
（作为社会生物，人类强烈地受到
这些声音的影响）可以推断出，刻板印象
通过提高焦虑水平来影响我们的学习成绩。故选
D
。
The
stomach is an extremely strong organ, full of acid
to break down each meal. In order to prevent this
acid from burning a hole in our
stomachs and damaging other organs, our stomach
lining is specially adapted to
contain
the acid safely.
H. pylori are able to
live in the stomach by living in the lining, safe
from harsh stomach acid. These bacteria are
actually pretty common in people,
approximately a third of Australians have H.
pylori in their bodies, but not all have
symptoms.
The bacteria can
eventually create infection in stomach lining, a
condition known as gastritis
(
胃炎）
, by wearing
away the lining and allowing stomach
acid to burn away stomach tissue, causing painful
ulcers (
溃疡）
。
Up until the 1980s, it was thought that
bacteria could not survive in stomach acid. The
cause of stomach ulcers
was due to
lifestyle choices: stress, smoking, spicy foods;
the stomach acid was breaking through the lining
on its
own.
This belief was
first questioned in 1979 by Robin Warren, an
Australian pathologist, who found bacteria on a
microscope slide containing the stomach
lining of a patient with gastritis. In the years
that followed Warren continued
his
research.
Warren then teamed up with
Barry Marshall in 1981 and the two continued with
the research, trying to separate
the
mystery bacteria and find a cure. Over the next
three years, they tested their theories with some
positive results,
however the idea that
bacteria could be the cause of gastritis was not
widely accepted or even acknowledged.
Finally, fed up with being ignored and
confident in his findings, Barry Marshall decided
to test on himself. He
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infected
himself with H. pylori and soon developed
gastritis and terrible stomach ulcers. Marshall
then began to cure
himself by taking a
dose of antibiotics (
抗生素）
.
This once and for all proved not only that
bacteria could grow in
stomach acid,
but it could also cause gastritis and stomach
ulcers.
Eventually, the world fully
acknowledged Warren and Marshall's huge
contribution to science and medicine and
the two were awarded the Nobel prize in
Medicine in 2005. Twenty-six years after Robin
Warren first began his
research.
12
．
Why did the
academics initially refuse to accept that H.
pylori caused gastritis?
A
．
Lifestyle
choices caused stomach ulcers.
B
．
Stomach acid
could break through the lining on its own.
C
．
They thought
that bacteria couldn't survive in the stomach.
D
．
The Australian
pathologist Robin Warren provided no evidence.
13
．
How did Barry
Marshall prove that H. pylori caused gastritis?
A
．
Choosing
unhealthy lifestyles.
C
．
Finding the
bacteria on stomach lining.
14
．
What can we
infer from the text?
A
．
Scientific
progress takes time.
C
．
Warren is not a
productive scientist.
15
．
The text is
most likely written to
.
A
．
Chemists
B
．
Patients
C
．
Researchers
D
．
The general
public
B
．
Science
guides medical practices.
D
．
Only Marshall
deserves the prize.
B
．
Introducing H.
pylori to his own stomach.
D
．
Growing H.
pylori in the lab.
【答案】
12
．
C13
．
B14<
/p>
．
A15
．
D
【解析】
12
．细节理解题。根据第四段的
Up
until the 1980s, it was thought that bacteria
could not survive in stomach
acid.(
直到
20
世纪
80
年代，人们一直认为细菌在胃酸中无法生存。
)
可知，学者们最初拒绝接受幽门螺杆菌
引起胃炎是因为他们认为细菌在胃酸里无法生
存。故选
C
。
13
．
细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段
的
Finally, fed up with being ignored and
confident in his findings, Barry Marshall
decided to test on infected himself
with H. pylori and soon developed gastritis and
terrible stomach ulcers.
和下文内容可知，受够了被忽视和
对他的发现充满信心，巴里
·
马歇尔决定亲自进行测试，他感染
了幽门螺
杆菌，很快就发展成胃炎和可怕的胃溃疡。因此可知，巴里
·
马歇尔让幽门螺杆菌进入了自己的胃，最后患
了胃炎和胃
溃疡，来证明幽门螺杆菌引起胃炎。故选
B
。
< br>
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14
．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，最终，世界完全承认沃伦和马歇尔对科学和医学的巨大
贡献，两人于
2005
年被授予诺贝尔医学奖。
罗宾首次开始他的研究后
26
年。因此推断科学发展需要时间。
故选
A
。
<
/p>
15
．推理判断题。文章介绍了两位科学家对幽门螺旋杆菌的研究
历程以及结论
,
是一篇科普文章。科普文章
的受众是
the general public(
普通大众
)
，故选
D
。
阅读理解
【
2020
届四川省成都市第七中学高三高考热身考试】
Summer Program Guide for
Teens Pre-College Immersive Program
Wellesley College is known for the
thousands of accomplished women it has sent out
into the world
—
women
who are committed to making a
difference. Especially designed for high school
girls, the program is based on
Wellesley’s campus. Students will take
courses and become members of the Wellesley
comm
unity.
When: July 7 -
August 1
More Information: 781-283-2748
Young Scholars Program
Open to high
school students who have an academic average of
3.2 or better, the program is a great
introduction to the University of
Maryland. Seminars featuring speakers in
innovative
（革新的）
career or
academic fields
further enrich the learning experience. Students
enjoy movie nights, activities at the students’
union and more.
When: July 8
- July 27
More Information:
301-405-7762 Zeal Adventure and Travel
We offer two-week and three-week long
trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia, Costa Rica,
and Spain. All trips
include 15 to 25
hours of community service activities. Depending
on your trip of choice, you’ll be volunteering
with sea turtles, caring for dogs in
Spain, and much more. Every
trip also includes exciting outdoor
activities like
surfing, ice climbing
and hiking.
More Information:
844-282-9325 California College Tour
Students will visit top schools
throughout the state on this fun-filled tour. The
tour includes enjoying tourist
attractions along the way, including
Disneyland! Along the way, students take college
tours, meet with admissions
staff, and
learn how to make the most out of future college
visits.
More Information: 510-548-6612
1
．
What can you do
if you attend the Young Scholars Program?
A
．
Take part in
various outdoor activities.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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