进阶英语综合教程UKeytoExercises

Key to Exercises

Opener

Suggested answers for reference:

1.

Senior

citizens,

handicapped

people,

mothers

with

young

children.

2. There are multiple benefits. For one thing, self-driving cars

are

safer.

For

another,

they

get

handicapped

people

from

one

place

to another,

which

was

previously

denied

to

such

people. Thirdly,

instead

of

driving,

mothers

can

spend

more

quality

time

with

their

children.

3.

Businesspeople

who

want

to

catch

up

on

reading

and

communications

when travelling by road. News reporters who could send reports

back to headquarters right after an interview. Paramedics who

could focus on caring for patients on the way to hospital.

Transcript:

Today, we have something extra special for you guys. And you

guys

will

be

some

of

the

first

people

outside

of

our

team

and

outside

of Google to have a drive in it.

Ah, there it is! Wow! Isn't that cute

Go ahead.

Ok, Annie, here we go.

Hi, Connie, let's go.

There is no steering wheel in the wagon.

It was a big

decision for us to go and start building our

purpose-built

vehicles

and

really

they're

prototype

vehicles.

They

were a chance for us to explore what it really means to have a

self-driving vehicle. But in a small amount of time we've been

working on it, now we have functional prototypes. It's exciting.

Oh it's really cool. It was like really a kind of space-age

experience.

Oh, OK. We're like queens.

You sit, relax, you don't have to do nothing. It knows when to

stop, it knows when to go.

It actually rides better than my own car.

Yes, true.

What she really liked was that it slowed down before it went

around a curve, and then accelerated in the curve. She's always

trying to get me to do it that way.

That's the way I learned in high school driver's ed.

So

if

I

had

a

self-driving

car,

I

could

spend

more

time

hanging

out with my kids or helping them with their homework, even just

tending to them, finding out how their day was and not having to

wait until you get home and have dinner and all that. So it would

be good.

Human

feeling

of

it

is

very

well

engineered

and

it's

very

smooth.

There is nothing that makes it feel the least bit threatening.

Impressive. I'm totally in love with this whole concept.

Our lives are made up of lots and lots of little things, and

a

lot

of

those

little

things

for

most

people

have

to

do

with

getting

from place to place. And in order to connect and do things, to be

with people, go places that they need to go, and do things. And so

there is a big part of my life that's missing, and there is a big

part

of

my

life

that

a

self-driving

vehicle

would

bring

back

to

me.

This is the first step for us and it's really exciting to see

the progress we've made. The opportunities for people to just move

around,

and

not

worry

about

it.

It's

gonna

be

incredibly

empowering

and incredibly powerful for people.

I love this!

Reading & Interacting

I. Understanding the Text

1.

Text Organization

Paragra

phs

Functions

Main Ideas

Providing

Paras.

1

information

–

2

research

background

The

ancient

game

of

Go

is

to

this

profoundly complex

Summarizing

what

has

and

has

not

been

done

by

AI researchers had tried very

other

researchers

to

hard, but until this research,

Para. 3

show that this research

computers

could

only

play Go

as

is

original

and

a

step

well as amateurs.

forward

1)

AlphaGo,

a

system

that

combines

an

advanced

tree

Describing

the

different

Paras.

4

stages

and

the

methods

–

5

used in this research

2)

The

neural

networks

were

trained

on

30

million

moves

from

networks, was built.

search

with

deep

neural

games played by human experts.

3) AlphaGo learned to discover

new strategies for itself.

1)

AlphaGo beat

top

computer

Go

Presenting

the

actual

programs.

Para. 6

results

of

this

research

2)

AlphaGo

beat

European

Go

champion Fan Hui.

1)

Hopefully,

in

the

future,

Discussing

importance

Paras.

7

research

and

pointing

–

8

out

the

next

steps

for

2)

Next,

AlphaGo

will

challenge

research

the top Go player in the world.

the

general

of

this

principles

can

be

used

to solve

important realworld problems.

machine

learning

2. Comprehension Check

Digging into detail

1. Because there are 10170 possible positions

—

that's more than

the

number

of

atoms

in

the

universe,

and

more

than

a

googol

times

larger than chess.

2. They use games as a testing ground to invent smart, flexible

algorithms that can tackle problems, sometimes in ways similar

to humans.

3.

Traditional

AI

methods

construct

a

search

tree

over

all

possible

positions,

whereas

the

methods

used

in

AlphaGo

combine

an

advanced

tree search with deep neural networks.

4.

Learning

through

repeated

trials,

through

which

errors

are

corrected and correct solutions become knowledge.

5. Because the same techniques can be used to tackle real-world

problems.

Understanding difficult sentences

1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B

II. Focusing on Language in Context

1. Key Words & Expressions

1. My brother and I take/took turns walking the family dog.

2. It is said that these sandstorms originate in the desert.

3.

The

coming

public

performance,

her

first

one,

will

certainly

put

the young singer to the test.

4. Who is crazy enough to go swimming when there is a layer of ice

on the lake

5. The police found no connection between any of the suspects and

the victim.

6. Efforts are being made to construct a more sustainable housing

system in the city.

7. Both presidents agreed that the talks had been fruitful.

8.

Intellectual

capital

is

of

increasing

importance

to

an

organization.

9. They found themselves in the heart of rebel-held territory, and

there was no way out.

10.

John

thanked

his

friend

Mary

and

said

it

was

always

wise

to

trust

a woman's intuition.

11. Nobody

has

really cracked

the

problem

of

targeting

advertising

only to the right customers.

12. The 9/11 terrorist attacks changed the lives of many Americans

in a profound way.

13. Can you call back in two hours I need time to process these

questions.

14. Your intellect is wasted on that job. Why not quit it and work

for me

15. Let's face reality and make some tough decisions as to which

factories we are to close.

16. It was no easy job for our soccer team to best theirs.

1. to date 2. get the better of 3. essential 4.

worldwide

5. homed in on 6. select 7. extensive 8.

reigning

1. The quarrel originates/originated in a misunderstanding.

2. German universities

are at/in the forefront

of

removing

tuition

from students.

3.

The

invention

of

the

jet

engine

was

a

breakthrough

in

air

transport.

4.

If

you

study

abroad,

it

may

take

you

some

time

to

adjust

(yourself)

to the local environment.

5.

This

article

offers

a

detailed

analysis

of

China's

space

program.

2. Word Formation