英汉互译20篇

B.

不同文体，句式也不同。论说文较长，结构较复杂，新闻报道则结构 简明，信息密度大。

科技文章则出现被动语态较多，而童话、神话则多用简单句。

C.

不同文体语篇结构也不同。叙事文体以 时间顺序组句成篇，描写语篇以空间顺序为主线，

论说语篇则主要以逻辑层次的安排来布 局谋篇。

３．

校对修改

检查有无误译和漏译之处， 行文语言是否通顺和流畅，译文有无逻辑上错误。

三

.

练习和答案

Passage 1

Einstein was awarded Nobel Prize of Physics for his Photon theory. Actually his

contribution to the theory of Relativity is far more important than his Photon theory.

Nevertheless, the Nobel Prize Nominating Committee took a very prudent attitude to the

radical theory of relativity. In fact, Nobel Prize has never been awarded so far to the

founders of the theory of

relativity.

What motivated Einstein and his successors most is neither wealth nor fame, nor

any other lofty goals, but the pure curiosity in science and aesthetics of science.

爱因斯坦因他的光子理论而获得诺贝尔物理学奖

,

比他在光子理论的贡献重要得多。

但是诺贝尔评奖委员会对激进的相对论持谨慎的态度。

事实

上迄今诺贝尔奖从未为相对论创立者颁发过。

智力服务于中国，提高企业与个人整体竞争力

第

2

页

学苑中心培训系列教材

内部资料，翻版必究

引导爱因斯坦以 及他以后的科学家生涯的最大动机，不是财富，不是名声，业不是别的

甚麽更高的目标， 他们的主要动机是对科学的好奇心和科学的美学。

Passage 2

What is cyberspace?

By Barlow' s definition, just about everybody has already

been to cyberspace. “It's marked by the feeling that the person you' re talking to is in the

same room. Most people take the spatial dimension of a phone conversation for granted

until they get a really bad connection or a glitchy conversation call. Then they start

raising their voice, as if by sheer volume they could

propel it to the outer reaches of

cyberspace.

Cyberspace, of course, is bigger than a telephone call. It encompasses the millions

of personal computers connected by modems via the telephone system to commercial

online services, as well as the millions more with high - speed links to local area

networks, office E-mail systems and the Internet. It includes the rapidly expanding

wireless services: microwave towers that carry great quantities of cellular phone and

data traffic; communications satellites strung like beads in geosynchronous orbit; low -

flying satellites that will soon crisscross the globe like angry bees connecting folks too

far - flung or too much on the go to be fastened by wires. Someday even our television

sets may he part of cyberspace, transformed into interactive teleputers

full- service networks like the ones several cable - TV companies

are building along

the old cable lines, using fiber optics arid high speed switches.

帕利·

巴洛的说法，< /p>

赛百空间可以最言简意赅地定义为

“你利

用电话进行交谈时所处的空间”

。

当然

,

赛百空间之所云比打电话更广 泛。

它包括数以百万计

的计算机用调制解调器通过电话系统相连 形成的联网商业服务系统，

它接入当地高速信息网

办公电子邮件和国际互联网之中。

它包括发展 迅速的无线服务系统：

负责大量的手机信号

与数据传输的微波发 射塔；

连珠似的运行于地球同步轨道上的通讯卫星；

象怒蜂一样 穿梭往返

于地球与太空之间的低空卫星，它们把用线路联络显得太远或花费太多的人们联 原来的电缆

线，利用光缆和高速转换器建成的那种所谓的全方位服务网络那样。

Passage 3

It would be more regretful to idle your life out than you die young or die old. It is

quite possible that a person who die at his eighteenth would live more fruitfully than a

person who die at eighty. We do believe that it would be better for him to pass each

passing day worthfully than to accumulate lots of valuable experience regardless of the

consequences. That is to say, he should try to pass each day of his life as if it would be

the only day in his life. It means that he should try his best to cope with all the

智力服务于中国，提高企业与个人整体竞争力

第

3

页

学苑中心培训系列教材

内部资料，翻版必究

depressions and pains in his life peacefully and forcefully. He should try his utmost to

find means to get access to life and increase and keep the interest and value of life.

不论是英年早逝

,

还是老年故去

,

都没有比虚度年华更令人遗憾。

一个人活 了十八岁可能比

另一个人活了八十年活得更加充实。

对于生活，

我们认为并不是要去不顾一切地积累大量的他

以为是有价值的经 验，

而是应该过好每天的时光。

也就是说，

他总是把每一天当作似乎那是他

生命中唯一的一天来过。

这 意思是说，

人应当要寻求平和感和力量感去对付生活中的失意和痛

苦。提示坚持不懈地努力去发现能更接近生活的办法，增加并维持生活的乐趣和价值。

Passage 4

One of the biggest mysteries in human history of the modern world in which we

live is the unique integration of many elements of China and the West. It is highly

probable that over the half of the dominant inventions and discoveries have their origin

from China, which is hardly known to the outside world.

Why didn't we Chinese realize such an important truth? The main reason is that the

declining and corruption of China in recent 100 years since the Opium War deface the

Chinese people and make them lose their self-respect, thus failing to see this point. If

the inventors and discoverers didn't persist in their own rights for originality and even

lost the memory of such rights, why would the successors of these inventions and

discoveries like to worry about returning such rights to the real originators? So it is a

real problem that the westerners are still reluctant to admit this fact until now. It would

be comfortable to lie on the glory of the laurel to credit themselves with the claim that

they attained such a height in science independently without any help of others.

人类历史上鲜为人知的最大奥秘之一就是我们居于其中的现代 世界是中国和西方多种成

分的独特综合。很可能现代世界所赖以建立的一半以上的主要的 发明和发现都是来源于中国。

而这是鲜为人知的。

为什么我们中国人没有认识到这种巨大的真理呢？主要的原因 是中国自鸦片战争一百

多年来中国的衰败使中国人失去了自尊感，

因而看不到这一点。

如果这些发现发明的创始人自

己就不再坚 持自己的首创权利了，

甚至他们自己对这些创造的记忆都淡薄了，

为什么他们的继

承者还要煞费苦心地把这些失去的首创权利物归原主呢？直到现在还要 很多西方人是否原意

知道事实真象依然是个问题。自我满足于认为是西方人自己孤立无助 地达到了他们今天的地

位，总比把这些发明创造的功劳归于别人更舒服些

Passage 5

I

t is often a puzzle for most children to learn to read. It is estimated that about 20 % of the

Americans who experience barriers to turn the letters on a page into sounds. The recent research in

brain image-formation helps to determine the positions where such generation and transformation

are done. This is actually a very significant result. It has disclosed the neural basis why some quite

clever people may experience difficulty in reading. But it is the second finding of this research that

智力服务于中国，提高企业与个人整体竞争力

第

4

页

学苑中心培训系列教材

内部资料，翻版必究

accounts for the common concern. That is the difference between the man and woman with their

reading barrier.

The chief scientist of this research is the pediatrician Sari Schultz and her husband, the

neurologist Bennett. Their research interest does not lie in the sex difference in reading. Rather, it

aims at showing what parts of human brain are most active in language transfer through measuring

the minor change of the blood flow in the brain by means of the most advanced image-formation

technology-

?

nuclear magnetic resonance to reflect the image-formation process in human brain.

But

Sari Schultz said that it would be more accurate to adopt nuclear magnetic resonance. This is

how they have finally defined the position of sound processing in human brain, or the sex difference

in sound transformation in reading.

对于多数儿童来说，学会阅读是学习实践中的一个难题。估计有

20

％的美国人在把书

页上的字母转换成声音时经常出现障碍。

最近大脑成像方面的研究确定这种貌似神奇般的转换

发生的部位 。

这是个非常重要的结果：

第一步就是解开了为什么一些相当聪 明而在阅读方面有

困难的人们的神经基础。

但引起关注的热点是 这项研究的第二项成果，

也就是女人在阅读方面

发生的障碍与男 人不同。

这项研究的主持者儿科专家萨利

.

舍维茨和她的丈夫，神经学家贝内特。

舍维茨研究的

不是男女的性别差异

,

他们研究采用了现有最先进的反映大脑成像技术

?

实用磁共振成像，

象

其它反映大脑成像技术一样，通 过测试血流的微小变化来显示大脑的哪些部分最活跃。但是，

萨利

.

舍维茨说实用磁共振成像技术 比其它技术更精确，

这也就是他们如何终于发现了在音位

处理， 或者说读音转换方向的性别差异。

Passage 6

The world Intellectual Property Organization, or WIPO for short, --was set up

according to the treaty signed in Stockholm in 1967. This treaty was put into effect in

1970. China was invited to join the treaty On June 3

rd

, 1980.

The world Intellectual Property Organization is an organization among

governments whose headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland. It is one of the specialized

institutions under the United Nations’ intellectual property system. The headquarters is

in charge of improving the protection of the world intellectual properties in the world

sphere through the international cooperation.

The intellectual properties include two main parts: the industrial properties and the

publishing properties.

The industrial property protection is mainly concerned with the protection of the

inventions in trademarks and designs of industrial products. It also stipulates the

prohibition of improper competition. The former three aspects have something in

common for their exclusive methods in protecting intellectual properties, such as

inventions, trademarks and the product surface outlooks, etc. However, it has nothing to

智力服务于中国，提高企业与个人整体竞争力

第

5

页

学苑中心培训系列教材

内部资料，翻版必究

do with the patent rights in prohibiting unfair competition. It is mainly about the

prevention of unfair competitions in dishonest business behaviors.

The protection of publication properties is usually concerned with that of literary

and art works, whose forms may include literature, music, painting, cubic products or

their combinations (such as operas and films). Almost all the countries copy rights

stipulate the protection of the following types of works: literature, music, fine arts,

photographs and film photography.

世界知识产权组织

—

英语简称为

“WIPO—The World Intellectual Property Organization”

---

是根据

1967

年在斯德哥尔摩签订的公约而成立的

< br>,

该公约于

1970

年生效

,

中国于

1980

年

6

月

3

日加 入公约

.

世界知识产权组织为一政府间组织

,

总部设在日内瓦

,

它是联合国世界知识 产权组织系统下

的许多专门结构之一

,

它负责通过国际间的合作促进对全世界知识产权的保护

.

知识产权包括两个主要部分

:

工业产权和版权

.

工业产权主要是对发明﹑商标和工业品外

观设计的保护

,

以及制止不正当竞争

.

前三项有一些共同点

,

因为对发明制止不正当竞争﹑商标

和 工业品外观的设计都是用专属实施权的方式保护的

(

如专利权< /p>

).

制止不正当竞争同专属权无

关

.

而是反对违犯诚实经营工商业的竞争行为

.

版权所涉及的对象通常是

“

文学艺术作品

”.

作

品的表现形式可以是文学﹑音乐﹑图画﹑立体作品或其组合物

(

如歌剧或电影

).

几乎所有 国家

的版权都规定保护以下类型的作品

:

文学﹑音乐﹑艺术﹑摄影以及电影摄影等作品。

Passage 7

Since the hype began in the middle 1980s, virtual reality (VR) has captivated public

interest with pictures of people wearing enormous goggles and sensors-laden gloves.

The technologies used to immerse people in a computer - generated world will, however,

change radically during the coming decade, making the begoggled cybernaut as quaint

an image as the undersea explorer in a heavy metal diving helmet.

_

The important thing about VR is that it does rather than how its effects are

achieved: it permits people to behave as if they were somewhere they are not. That

place may be a computational fiction or a recreated environment from another place or

time. VR transports perceptions by appealing to several senses-- sight, hearing and

touch

--

and by presenting images that respond immediately to one’s movements. The

techniques for creating this illusion differ depending on the kind of place being visited

and what a user want to do while there. A pilot in a flight simulator, for example, might

need hydraulic actuators to simulate banks and forms, whereas a molecular biologist

exploring the bonds between molecules might need particularly fine position sensors

and mechanisms to simula

te the “feel” of interatomic forces.

自从本世纪八十年代中期以来，虚 拟现实就开始强烈地吸引着公众的兴趣，人们戴着巨大

的头盔观望镜和布满感应器的手套 。技术曾经使人们沉浸于一个电脑主宰的世界之中

;

然而，

智力服务于中国，提高企业与个人整体竞争力

第

6

页

学苑中心培训系列教材

内部资料，翻版必究

今后的十几年间 ，

将产生巨大的变化，

从而使得戴着头盔观望镜的赛百空间遨游 者的形象十分

时髦，就象戴着沉重的潜海头盔的海底探险者一样。

对虚拟现实而言，重要的是它所产生的什么样的效果，而不是它是如何产生这些效果 的。

虚拟现实能使人们感到自己好象处于一个他们从未到过的境界之中。

这种境界似乎是计算机文

艺创作出来的；也可能是从另一时间、空间再创造而成 的。虚拟现实通过同时刺激几种感觉，

如视觉、听觉、触觉，并通过人对各种运动迅速作 出反应的反应，来展示形象的

Passage 8

In an on demand world, the ability to

sense

and

respond

to change in customer

needs will be more important than size. Since change will be unpredictable, flexibility

will be of the utmost importance. Fixed costs will reduce your flexibility

?

variable

costs will increase it.

The new business model will require a corresponding on demand operating

environment--built on open standards to allow quick, easy and cost- effective innovation

and reconfiguration.

In the on demand era, processes will have to be integrated from one end to the other

?

so a customer order, for example, creates a ripple effect in which every part of the

organization responds appropriately to the impact of

the order: logistics, manufacturing

and distribution. The level of integration needed to make this happen is a big challenge

but a huge opportunity.

In this era, you'll need an e-business partner you can trust, e-business tools that

work in new ways and e-business people who understand your business as well as the

technology it runs on.

A partner, in other words, like IBM