-
表示
―
强调某种状态在特定明显或不明显
‖
的句型
This
is especially true if/when we consider the fact
that/when it comes to/in terms of
当我们考虑
·
·
的时候，这一点尤为正确
It is not even always true
that·
·
·
·
·
·
并不是总是正确的
·
Incline to = tend to
倾向于
·
Gain/get/have(d
irect/free/ready/unlimited/unrestricted/restricted
/equal) access to
获得
/
得到直接
/
自由
/
容易
/
方便
/
不受限制
/
受限制
/
平等
/
接近的机会
e.g. Men and wowen should have equal
access to education and employment.
·
Be accompanied by
B
伴随
A
·
Be entitled to
= be eligible to = be authorised to
使享有权利，使符合资格
e.g.
the
privately
insured
are
entitled
to
special
benfits
such
as
having
the
choice
pf
their
own
doctors, and being able to avoide long
waiting lists for hospital beds.
·
Have and will continue to
现在是并且将来也会继续
·
·
·
e.g.
Education has been and will continue
to
be central to the country’s economic performance
in
the 21st century.
·
Give rise to = bring about = create =
generate = provoke(
负面的
) =
evoke
引起，造成
e.g.
Computers have brought about many changes in the
workplace.
Have/exert an
influence/impact/effect on sb/sth
起
·
·
·
作用
Play a role in sth
<
/p>
扮演
·
·
·
角色
·
正
面
:Considerable/enor
mous/dominant/profound/crucial/beneficial(favourab
le)/
stablizing/pervasive/substantial/l
asting/formative
相当大的
/
巨大的
/
起支配作用的
/
深远的
/
有利的
/
稳定的
/
广泛的
/
实际的
/(
对成长或发
展
)
重大作用
·
负面
:a
dverse(unfavourable)/corrupting /destructive
(devastating/disruptive)
不利的
/
腐
蚀的
/
破坏的
Have inherent advantages/disadvantages
有内在的优点
/
缺点
< br>
e.g.
In
terms
of
environmental
protection,
exporting
agricultural
products
by
means
of
air
transportation has its
inherent disadvantages.
·
Be in a
position to do
有条件去做
e.g.
Because of the existence of express transport such
as air freight, people in frigid zone are in a
position to acquire more nutritious
food and vegetable from the tropical zone.
·
Be a double-edged sword
·
·
·
是一把双刃剑
·
Equip sb with sth = furnish sb with sth
装备，使有能力，向
·
·
·
提供
·
Turn on = hinge on
取决于
e.g The
environmental protection hinges on the actual
action by the civilians.
·
A is a key
determinant of B
A
是
B
的决定因素
e.g.
In an
individual’s career, tenacity is
a key
determinant of success.
·
Be an
underlying factor
in·
·
·
是
·
·
·
潜在
/
隐含力量
e.g.
Human
curiosity is an underlying factor in the growing
popularity of newspapers
·
Rely (almost
exclusively) on = depend on
(
几乎全
)
依靠
e.g.
Children should not always
rely
on parent’s help.
·
Be considered as = be think of as = be
acknowledged as = be regarded
as
被认为是
·
Be served/used as a brenchmark
·
It turned out that = turn
out to be
证明是
E.g. the advancement of technology
turns out be conducive to the mankinds.
·
Be confronted
with·
·
·
= In the
face of ·
·
·
面临着
e.g.
be
confronted with/in the face of
fierce/stiff/intense competition
·
Deserve/require
(careful/full/serious/sufficient/ special)
consideration
需要仔细
/
全面
/
认真
/
足够
/
特别考虑
Take sth into consideration/account
考虑到，
顾及
A and B are not mutually
exclusive
两者并不互相排斥
e.g.
This two options are not mutually exclusive.
·
Be no exception
to·
·
·
也不例外
e.g. There
is no exception to this rule in modern or in
accent times.
·
Does not necessarily mean
并不必然意味着
·
·
·
·
be
now a
commonplace·
·
·
司空见惯的事
·
A and B alike
两者都，同样地
·
Reach saturation point
到达饱和程度
·
End up + doing/ adj/ in sth
以
·
·
·
告终
(c).
插入语和衔接词
In
essence
本质上
·
In terms of
就
·
·
·
而言
·
As the case may
be,
句子
or
主语
+
谓语
, as the
case may be,
宾语
根据具体情况而定，视情况而定
e.g. Students should be given
sufficient autonomy in deciding the courses they
take as the case
may be.
·
More often than
not,
句子
.
通常，往往
e.g. More
often than not it is these moments that separate
the victors from the rest
–
because they
never despair , and press
on when others fade.
往往就是这些时刻将成功者与其他人区分
开来
——
因为成功者从不绝望，
会在他
人放弃时选
择坚持下去。
表示
―
依我
而言
‖
的词组
From my point of view,
From
my perspective,
To my mind,
In my opinion,
To my way of
thinking
关于
By no
means
的应用
Be by no
means an exclusive/a unique way
绝不是唯一的方法
Be by no
means confined
to·
·
·
绝不局限于
e.g.
Poverty and deprivation are by no means confined
to the north of the country.
Be by no
means fortuitous/coincidential
绝非偶然
e.g. The
occurrence of such things is by no means
fortuitous/ coincidental
Be by no means
isolated
绝非孤立
/
个别
e.g.
Such cases, though not prevalent, are by no means
isolated.
Be by no means separated from
绝不应该脱离
e.g. Theory should by no means be
separated from practice.
理论绝对不应该脱离实际
Be by
no means certain
仍未确定的
e.g. It is by no means certain that
genetrically modified food will benefit humans in
the future.
转基因食品能否在未来有益于人类仍是不确定的
Be by no means a perfect way
绝非完善的方法
e.g. This is by no means a perfect way
to solve the problem.
表示例证的句型
·
·
·
is
a good case in point
= one example will
suffice to illustrate this point
= a
telling(
有说服力的
) /notorious
(
臭名昭著的
) example is
·
·
·
=
·
·
·
is a
representative of
·
·
·
表示大量的词组
A+
形容词
+ number of+
可数名词
+
谓语动词复数
A+
形容词
+amount of+<
/p>
不可数名词
+
谓语动词单数
(time/money/information/help/data)
大量的
:
Massive/considerable/enormous/ tremendous
不成比例的
:disproportionate
小量的
:Limited/moderate/small
A wide range of = a vast/impressive
array of = a wealth of = a host of = a variety of
表示
―<
/p>
一系列
‖
的词组
A series of = a chain of = a sequence
of
表示
―
等等
‖
的词组
and so forth= and so on = and the
like
表示程度的短语
in full
measure
最大程度地，最大限度地
in no
small/ some/ large/ equal measure
在很大
/
某
种
/
很大
/
同
样程度上
To some/a certain
extent
在某种
/
一定程度上
To a lesser
extent
其次
表示
―<
/p>
关于，谈及到，就
·
·
< br>·
而言
‖
的词组
When it comes to
With respect to
In regard to
In relation to
表示某个时间段的词组
In the
midst of
正值
·
·
·
时候
Amid +
名词词组
在
·
·
·
当中
Under the wave of
+
名词
在
·
·
·
浪潮中
表示伴随状态的词组
With
the rapid development
of·
·
·
随着
·<
/p>
·
·
快速发展
With the advent
of·
·
·
随着
·
·
·
时
代的来临
With the proliferation
of·
·
·
随着
·
·
·<
/p>
扩散
With the huge
expansion of·
·
·
随着<
/p>
·
·
·
扩张
表示
―
不管
‖
的词组
Regardless of = irrespective
of
表示
―
考虑到，鉴于
‖
的词组
In the light of = in
view of
表示
―
更不用说
‖
的词组
not to mention +
sth = let alone
表示
―(
对社会规则的
)
遵从，遵守
‖
的词组
In conformity with = in compliance with
= in accordance with
表示
―
除了之外
‖
的词组
Apart
from·
·
·
= Other
than·
·
·
表示
―<
/p>
连锁反应
‖
的词组
Domino effect
多米洛骨牌效应
Knock-on
effect
连锁反应
(d).
积极关系
Be made
(readily/ freely/ publicly/ generally) available
for/to sb
可以容易
/
免费
/
让公众
/
普
遍得到
e.g.
Free medical care must be made
available for those too poor to do so.
·
Provide/give sb
deep/penetrating/revealing/ fascinating insights
into sth
给予某人深刻的
/
有启发性的
/
发人心省的
/
生动的见识
e.g. The
old
buidling
in
cities
can give
people
especially
teenagers
fascinating
insights
into
the
change of history.
acquire/a
dvance/broad
en/deepen one’s
understanding of sth
获得
/
增进
·
·
·
见识
=
gain/get/obtain insights into
·
Have better acquaintance with
更了解
·
·
·
e.g. Have
better acquaintance with the local needs than
those in other countries so that it utilise the
social resources more efficiently
= have better knowledge with
e.g. Local people or government have
better knowledge with the operation of charity
organization
in terms of the oversee of
donations, thus ascertaining the transparency of
fund arrangement and
avoiding
misappropriation of the public fund.
·
Become/be proficient/skillful in/at
sth/ in doing
精通，熟练
e.g.
student should become proficient in using several
languages.
·
Instill sth in/into sb =
inculcate sth in/into sb
灌输
某人
·
·
·
e.g. instill an idea/confidence deeply
into sb
inculcate a sense of responsibility in
sb
= impart sth to sb
传授
·
·
·
给某人
·
Be capable of
sth/doing sth
有能力的，足以胜任的
= be competent to do sth
=
Be more than capable of ·
·
·<
/p>
完成有能力
e.g. Schools
should equip students with practicial skills so
that they are competent to find a job
under current fierce competition.
Be well/fully aware of/that = be
conscious of/that
意识到，注意到
e.g.
People have been fully
aware of the urgency of environmental protection.
Be the major beneficiaries from =
largely benefit
from·
·
·
成为最主要的受益人
e.g.
In
respective of individuals, they are the major
beneficiaries from doing their tasks at home
in this age of the computer technology
Be conducive/ helpful/
beneficial/instrumental
to·
·
·
有利于
,
对
·
·
·
起作用
= be advantageous to
= be of
advantge to = to the advantage of
e.g.
be instrumental in bring about an end to the
conflict.
An environment conducvie to learning
·
Be given sufficient/greater autonomy in
doing·
·
·
给予足够的
/
更大的自主权
e.g.
students
should
be given
sufficient
autonomy
in
deciding
the
courses
they
take
as
the
case
may be
Be in the best
interest of·
·
·
符合
·
·<
/p>
·
利益
e.g.
Even
though
most
citizens
are
conscious
that
recycling
garbage
can
fully
utilise
natural
resources in the
best interest of the whole society, they are still
reluctant to do so
·
Become an
indispensable part
of·
·
·
成为
·
·
·<
/p>
不可分割的一部分
e.g. car
have become an indispennsable part of our lives.
·
Make use of = turn sth to good account
= take advantage of sth
善用<
/p>
/
利用机会
e.g. People should put the media to
good account.
We should make better use of our
resources.
·
Break
down/remove/cross/overcome the barriers
打破
/
消除
/
跨越
/
克服障碍
e.g. they believe that sport can cross
any barriers.
他们相信体育可以跨越任何障碍。
·
Get rid
of·
·
·
摆脱
,
消除
(
不好的感觉
,
情况
)
= rid sb/sth/yourself of sb/sth
消除
,
解除
= extricate sb/sth/yourself from sth
(
使
)
摆脱
,
脱离
,
解救
,
挣脱
e.g. he had managed to
extricate himself from most of this official
duties.
·
Alleviate the heavy burden
of·
·
·
减轻
·
·
·<
/p>
重负
e.g
Staying at home for work and study can
alleviate the heavy burden of transport and energy
consumption.
·
Serve a useful
function of
起到有用的功能
= Perform
the function of
履行
·
·
·
的功能
= Fulfilll a valuable function in
实现一种有价值的功能
= Serve the purpose of
起到
·
·
·
的目的
= Fulfill an
educational purpose
实现一种教育目的
e.g.
It
is
sometimes
claimed
that
zoo
perform
an
improtant
function
in
the
protection
of
endangered or rare species
e.g
Apart
from
serving
the
practical
function
of
giving
people
a
comfortable
shelter,
a
good
building should also fulfill an
aesthestic purpsoe by inviting the residents to
appreciate its beauty
both inside and
outside.
e.g.
Visiting museum is not only an enjoyable
experience for young children, but it also
fulfills an
important edcuational
purpose by exposing them to a rich deposit of
history, culture and tradition.
·
Be/get accustomed to doing/sth
习惯于
·
·
·
= be/get used
to doing/sth
e.g. Students should not
get accustomed to relying on others’
help.
·
Adapt yourself
to sth/ doing
适应
(
新环境
)
= adjust oneself to
sth/ doing
e.g. students should adjust
themselves to current fierce competition
·
Serve/ satisfy/ cater to the needs
of·
·
·
满足
·
·
·<
/p>
要求
e.g.
satisfy/cater to the needs
of tourists from abroad
serve the needs
of future generations
·
Cater for sth
迎合
e.g. Catering for international tours,
the local government commits more money to improve
local
infrastructure.
·
Provide a solid foundation
for·
·
·
提供巩固的基础
e.g.
respect and
friendship provide a solid foundation for
marriage.
= Lay the foundation
on·
·
·
为
·
·
·
提供基础
e.g.
Basic science lays the
foundation on which any other subjects are built.
Have no more worries
about·
·
·
不用再担心
e.g.
The
owners
of
companies
have
no
more
worries
about
employees
not
coming
for
work,
because of the heavy
snow storm.
Be immune to
不
·
·
·
(
负面的
)
影响
e.g. The corporate sector has
remained largely immune to this crisis.
Immerse oneself in = Commit oneself to
sth
潜心于，专心于
e.g.
Student
should
immerse
themselves
in
studying
theory
in
universities
instead
of
learning
practical skill
Reach a consensus on
达成共识
e.g. The EC
Council of Finance Ministers failed to reach a
consensus on the pace of integration
·
Be brought up to
do·
·
·
教养，培养
e.g. It is
standard practice that children are brought up to
respect the law.
通常来说，小孩子接受教育要遵守法律
·
Keep the pace with
< br>与
·
·
·
俱进
e.g.
A
number
of
advanced
professional
personnel
are
needed
to
keep
the
pace
with
the
rapid
economic development.
·
With less +
名词
+
动名词组合
, greater possibilities
of
动名词组合
will be
taking place someday.
如果少一点的
·
·
,·
·
更
有可能在某天发生
e.g With less
people driving to work or school, greater
possibilities of returning us a balance in
ecosystem will be taking place someday.
(e).
否定关系
Serious/distinct/relative lack/
shortage/ absence/ insufficiency/ scarcity of
= Be lack of/be short of/
be deficient in/ be in need of
(
严重地
/
明显地
/
相对地
)
缺乏
·
·
·
·
Be a hurdle to/ be a hindrance to/ be a
barrier to
阻碍
·
·
·
=
confronted with/encounter/erect/put up barriers to
·
Scratch the surface of the problem
治标不治本
e.g. obviously, this solution scratch
the surface of the problem.
Find it
difficult to be immune
to·
·
·
很难不受
·
·
·
的影响
e.g. with
the development of globalisation and social
development, one country finds it difficult to
be immune to global affairs.
Be (severely/grievously) stricken with
sth = be afflicted with/by = suffer from
受煎熬，遭难的，受折磨
e.g.
The country ends up being stricken with the
epidemic.
A bear/take the brunt of B A<
/p>
首当其冲受到
B
的不利影响
e.g. women bear the brunt of
childcare duties
School will bear the brunt of cuts in
govenment spending.
政府削减开支，学校将首当其冲受到影响
·
Fall prey to sth
受害，受坏影响
e.g. the
new government has fallen prey to corruption and
fraud.
新一届政府深受腐败和欺诈行为之苦
·
Be vulnerable to
容易受
·
·
·
(
不好的
)
影响
e.g. The entity is potentially
vulnerable to competitor’s moves.
Students are usually vulnerable to
social evils.
易受到社会恶习腐蚀
·
Be prone to sth
易于遭受，有做
(
坏事
)
的倾向
e.g. tired,
malnourished people are prone to infection.
Come with unpleasant/undesirable side-e
ffects·
·
·
伴随着不好的副作
用
·
Fall victim to = become a
victim of
成为
·
·
·
的牺牲品
e.g. Vital public services
have fallen victim to budget cuts
一些重要的公众服务项目成了削减预算后的牺牲品
·
A take one’s toll on B
A
对
B
产生严重不良影响
,
造成重大损失
e.g. The recession
is taking its toll on the housing markets.
经济衰退使住房市场遭受重创