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第一单元
A
AnimalFriendlyCampsforChildren
< br>SPCA(SocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals) campsarethebestchoiceforthechildrenwholoveanimals< /p>
.Campersenjoyauniquelearningexperiencewi
thourfurryfriendsduringtheseone-
weeksessions
．
AtS
anDiego’sAnimalAdventureCamp
，
youngercampersenjoyawiderangeofexposuretoanimalsa
ndadoseoflifelessonsaswell
．
P
etsareplayedwithin
sidea“safetycircle
，
”aformationwherekidssitwitheac
hkneetouchinganeighbor’s
．
Chi
ldrenthenwaittobeap
proached
，
learningtheanimalsshouldcometothemasopp
osedtochasingtheanimalsandcausingthemstress
．
Thencamper
screateone-
of-a-kindtoysfortheirfavoritepups
．
NewHampshireSPCASummerCampinclud
estheAnimalAdvocates
—
Campers
Picksprogram
．
Kidschoose
ananimaltohelpitbeadopted
．
Theygettoknowit
，
itsperso
nality
，
andgetthewordout
．
Cagesignsarelovinglymadeandhunga
ndcampersadvocatefortheanimalallweek
．
Then
，
whentheanimalf
indsahome
，
theentirecampceleb
rates
．
Campersofa
llagesinteractcloselywithhorsesattheMSPCAatNevinsF
armChildren’sCampinMethuen
Massachusetts
．
Setona40-acrefarmwithaworki
ngbarn
，
，
theprogra
mintroducesrescuetrainingandtheequipmentusedtotran
sportaninjuredanimalintoanemergencyveh
i
cletocampersofallages
．
Thisis
manychildren’sfirsttimeinteractingwithlargeanimals
anditisthankstotheMS
PCA'sscholarshippro
gram
．
Westchester
SPCACritterCampinBriarcliffManor
NewYork
keepskidsbusyallday
．
Inadditi
ontoattendingananimalcrueltyworkshop
，
，
camperscreateAdoptMeflyersfor
thesheltereddogorcatthey’dlikemosttofindahome
．
Thenit’stimetopostthe
maroundtheirneighborhoodanddosomelegwork
．
There’salsocraftingcattoys
，
bakingdogbiscuitsandpaintingpicturesto
brightenthingsupinthedogfarm
．
1
．
Whatcanchildr
enlearnatSanDiego’sAnimalAdventureCamp?
A
．
Howtoapproachan
imals
．
C
．
Howtotakecareofanimals
．
B
．
Howtofeedanimals
．
D
．
Howtogetalongwithanimals
< br>．
2
．
Whichcamptrainschildrentosaveanimals?
精心整理
A
．
SanDiego’sAnimalA
dventureCamp
．
B
．
NewHampshireSPCASummerCamp<
/p>
．
C
．
WestchesterSPCACritterCamp
．
D
．
NevinsFarmChildren’sCamp
．
3
．
WhatdoNewHampshireSPCASummerCampandWestchesterSPCA
CritterCamphaveincommon?
A
．<
/p>
Botharesheltersforlargeanimals
．
B
．
B
othencourageanimaladoption
．
C
．
Bothinvolvemaki
nganimaltoys
．
D
．
Bot
htakeinendangeredanimals
．
B
EverydaywhenGlenOliverorde
rshismorningcoffeeatthedrive-throughwindowofalocal
cafe,heinsistsonpayin
askstherestaurantw
orkerstotellthecustomertohaveagreatday,inca
set
hey’renotalreadyhavingone.
Oliverhasnevermadeabigdealoutofhi
sowngenerousactionsuntilaletterwaspublishedbyanews
websiteinNove
doutthathehadnotjustbought
someonehisbreakfast
—
hehadsav
edalife.
Accordingtothewebsite,someoneh
adwrittenaletterstatingthatonJuly18th,hewasplannin
goncommittingsuici
tersaidthatwhilehewas
atthedrive-throughwindow,hewasplanningongoinghome,
writinganoteande
wenttopayforhiscoffeean
dmuffin,however,thecashiertoldhimthatthemanintheSU
Vinfr
ontofhimhadpickedupthetabandtoldhi
mtohaveagreatday.
“Iwonderedwhysomeonew
ouldbuycoffeeforastrangerfornoreason,”saidthewrite
r.“Whyme?Whytoday?IfI
wereareligiousman,
ndomactofkindnesswasdirectedatmeonthisdayforapurpo
s
e.”
Whenthewrite
rarrivedhome,hecouldn’t
holdbackhistears
andstartedtothinkaboutthesimplegooddeedthathad
affectedhimsodeeply.“Idecidedatthatmomentto
changemyplansforthedayanddosomethingniceforsomeone
.I
endeduphelpinganeighbortakegrocerieso
utofhercarandintothehouse.”
Thewritersaysthatinthemonthsfollow
ingth
atfatefulevent,hedoesatleastonekindthingforotherse
veryday.“Tot
henicemanintheSUV
,knowyourkindgesturehastrulysavedalife,”h
< br>esaid.“OnJuly18,2017,Ihadthegreatestday.”
Oliver’sactofkindnesseveryday?
othersbreakfast.
ngrestaurantworkers.
hingpositivenews.
groceriesforneighbors.
speci
alaboutOliver’sactofkindnessonJuly18,2017?
< br>
ghthimthank-youletters.
精心整理
eportedonanewswebsite.
hefir
sttimehe’dpaidforothers.
pedsomeonefromkillinghimself.
estheunderlinedphrase“pickedupthetab”meaninParag raph3?
ebill.
thecar.
essage.
dadrink.
thewriteroftheletterfeelaftertheevent?
guilty.
confused.
grateful.
saddened.
C
Artificialintelligence(AI)
hasbeenundergoinggreatprogressinthelastdecade
．
AnAIprogramcanimitatehuma
nfunctionssuchasproblemsolvingandlearning
．
WhileAIoffersmuchpromiseforthede
velopmentofsmarteran
dmoreusefulmachines
，
italsofillsmanywithfearofad
ullfuturewheremillionsarethrownoutofwork
，
replacedbyrobotsandsmartmachines
．
It’sperhapspossiblet
hathumanswillonedaybereducedtoservantsofourmachine
overlords
，
butacalmassessment
predictsamixedeffectofAIonthejobmarket
．
Historyteachesusthatmachinesdoreplaceh<
/p>
umans
，
butsomehowth
erearestillplentyofjobsavailabletoday
．<
/p>
Thereasonisthatautomationcan
taketheplaceoflaboroncertainjobs
butalso
addslaborforotherjobsthatarenoteasilyautomated
makinglabormoreproductiveandactuallyincreas
ingthedemandforworkers
．
Jobscomposedofrepetitivetasksaretheonesmost
defenselesstoautomation
．
Exam
plesincludingautomatedw
eavingmachines
，
ATMs
，
pr
oduction-linewelders(
焊
接
，
，
工
)andphon
eansweringsystems
．
Itmightsee
mthattheseadvanceswouldsimplythrowpeopleoutofwork<
/p>
．
Butlookattheexam
pleoftheweavingmachines
．
They
increasedproductivity50-foldanddroppedthepriceofcl
o
thby98percent
thuscreatingmo
reweaverjobs
．
．
The
demandforclothexplodedasthepricefell
Int
heyearsbetween1830and1900
，
，<
/p>
thenumberofweaverjobsincreased4-folddesp
iteautomation
．
Automationincr
easeddemandforweavers
，
butals
ochangedthenatureoftheweaver’sjob
whichd
idn’tremovetheneedforhumantellers
whosen
umbersactuallyhaverisensinceATMswereintroducedinth
e1970s.
Theintelligentresponseisforthep
ublicandprivatesectorstocreateworkertrainingprogra
mstoteachnewskillstha
twillberequireddes
pitethespreadofautomation
．
Th
iswillrequireallinvestmentinon-the-
jobtrainingandlifelo
精心整理
．
AsimilarprocesshappenedwithATM
s
，
，
nglearning
．
8
．
WhatcanweknowaboutAI
fromParagraph1?
A
．
Ithasahistoryofnomorethan10years
．
B
．
Itleaves
manypeopleworryingaboutjobloss
．
< br>
C
．
Itisalready
tooadvancedtobefurtherimproved
．
< br>
D
．
Itisunablet
olearnorsolveproblemslikehumans
．
9
．
Whatdoesth
eauthorsayaboutautomationinParagraph2?
A
．
Itwillsurelyreducejobchanc
esforhumans
．
B
．
Itwillcertainlyhelpimproveprod
uctivity
．
C
．
Itwi11enablemachinestoenslavehuma
ns
．
D
．
Itwilleventuallytaketheplaceofallhumanl
abor
．
10
．
Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeoflistin
gtheexamplesinParagraph3?
A<
/p>
．
Totellushowtoexpandthejobmar
kettocutcosts
．
B<
/p>
．
Toexplainwhycertainjobssuffe
rgreatlyfromautomation
．
C
．
Toshowwhatisthebest
waytohaveproductivityimproved
．
D
．
Toproveautom
ationdoesn’tnecessarilymakehumansjobless
．
11
．
Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A
．
HowAIwilldevelo
pinthefuture
B
．
Ho
wAIwilltransformthejobmarket
C
．
Howmanwillbenefitfromautomation
D
．
Howmanwillsurvivein
theageofautomation
D
,thesecond-largestdiscountretailer(
折
扣零售
店
)inth
eUS,annoupaigncalled
LetToysBeToysseekst
ogetretailerstostopdividingtoysandbooksforonegende
r(
性别
)only.
?????R
esearchershaveworriedabouttheeffectofhavingtoystha
tweresosegregated(
分开
的
) bygenderforsometime,saysLisaDinella,associat
eprofessoratMonmouthUniversity.
Cl
earlydividedpinkandbluetoys
—
withdollsandteasetsononesideandtrucksandbuildingbl
ocksontheother
—
ntlyasthe1970
s,toyssoldintheUSwerenotalwaysmarketedwi
1980sand1990s,however,toysstartedtobecomemoregend
ersegregated,thou
精心整理
ghitwasstillnotsosharplydiv
idedastoday,saysElizabethSweet,alecturerinsociolog
yattheUniversityofCalifor
nia,Davis.
Whileitmayseemlikeasmallissue,toys
helpchildrentodevelopnewskills,ndpretendkitc
ngblockslikeLegoandpuzzlesteachskillsrelatedt
ospac
e,whichhelpsetthegroundworkforlear
ningmath.“Bothgendersloseoutifweputkidsononetracka
ndtheycan'tex
plore,”saysDinella.
Someparentstrytointr'sdifficu
ltforparentstoignorethemarketingandgett
heirkidstoysorcostumesmeantfortheothergender,
esomeparentstrytobroadenthetoystheirchildren areexposedto,thereisoftenasocialcosttothechildforc rossingg
enderboundaries.“Soitishardforp
arentstothrowouttherules,”shesays.
Researchershopethatoneday,toyswill
stopbeingbrokenupbygenderandwillinsteadbecategoriz
ed(
分
类
)bytype,like
puzzletoys,dollsorchildren'ices,Sweetsays,shouldbe
basedonkids'personalinte
rests,andnotont
heirgender.
endisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?
kidsmoretimetoplaywithtoys.
thegenderdivideintoys.
lthepink-and-
bluetoydivideaffectkidsaccordingtoDinella?
gthemdevelopinaquitenormalway.
thembettercommunicatewithothers.
themtomastermoreknowledgeandskills.
gthemtomissmanyopportunitiestolearn.
hardfortheparentsmentionedbyDinella?
kidstoysatrelativelylowprices.
kidstoysaimedattheothergender.
kidsnewtypesoftoys. kidshigh-
qualitytoys.
ghtbeSweet'sattitudetoTarget'sdecision?
s.
第二节
(
共
5
小题；每小题
2
分，满分
10
分
)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Somepeoplesayvolunteeringabro
adisunaffordableforordinarypeople
．
16
V
olunteeringisn’tsoe
xpensivethat
it’sonlyanoptionforthewell<
/p>
-off
精心整理
．
．
LastyearIspent10weeksvol
unteeringinArizona
Altogether
，
itcostmearound
￡
1
，
，
helpingtopreser
veAmerica’snaturalbeauty
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