-
Section B
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
are
going
to
read
a
passage
with
ten
statements
attached to it. Each statement contains
information given in one of the paragraphs.
Identify
the
paragraph
from
which
the
information
is
derived.
You
may
choose
a
paragraph
more
than
once.
Each
paragraph
is
marked
with
a
letter.
Answer
the
questions by marking the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
本文主要介绍了少数人拥有超强记忆的原因，讨论了他们的幸
运和不幸。
The
Blessing and Curse
of the People Who
Never Forget
拥有超强记忆之人的福与祸
A handful of people can
recall almost every day of their lives in enormous
detail
—
and after years of
research
，
neuroscientists are
finally beginning to understand how
they do it.
有少数人几乎能回忆起他们生活中每
天的大量细节。经过多年研究之后，神
经科学专家终于开始了解他们是怎么做到的。
HSAM
E)
‘Highly
superior
autobiographical
memory’
(or
HSAM
for
short),
first
came
to
light
in
the
early
2000s,
with
a
young
woman
named
Jill
Price.
Emailing
the
neuroscientist
and
memory
researcher Jim
McGaugh one
day,
she
claimed
that
she
could
recall
every
day
of
her
life
since
the
age
of
12.
Could
he
help
explain
her
experiences?
E
）（
43
）这种
“
超级自传体记忆
”
（简称
HSAM
）首次进入公众视野是在
21
世
纪初。一天，一位名叫古尔
·
普莱斯的年轻女士给研究记忆的神经科学专家吉
姆
·
麦克高夫发邮件，声称她可以回忆起
12
岁以来毎一天的生活。麦克高夫能
否帮助解释她的经历？
43.
A young
woman
sought explanation from
a brain scientist
when she
noticed her
unusual memory.
43.
【定位】由题干中的
A
young
woman
，
explanation
和
brain
scientist
定位
到文章
E
）段。
E
）
【精析
】细节归纳题。定位段提到，
—
位名叫吉尔
·
普菜斯的年轻女士给
研究记忆的神经科学专家吉姆
·
麦克高夫发邮件，声称她可以回忆起
12<
/p>
岁以来
每一天的生活。麦克高夫能否帮助解释她的经历？题干中的
her
unusual
memory
是对定位段中
she could recall every day of her life
since the age of 12
的
概括。整个题干是
对定位段的概括归纳，故答案为
E
）。
36.
People with
HSAM
have the same memory as ordinary people when it
comes to
impersonal
information
.
拥有<
/p>
“
超级自传体记忆
”
者在记忆非个人信息方面和普通人一样。
37.
Fantasy
proneness
will not necessarily cause
people to develop
HSAM
.
幻想倾向不一定会导致人们形成
“<
/p>
超级自传体记忆
”
。
38.
Veiseh
began to remember the
details of his everyday experiences after he met
his first young love
.
在遇到自己的初恋后，维瑟开始能记住生活中的每个细节。
人名，专有名词易定位
——
B
）
C
）段
39.
Many more
people with
HSAM
started to
contact researchers due to the
mass
media.
得益于大众传媒更多
的
“
超级自传体记忆
”
者开始和研究者取得了联系。
40.
People with
HSAM
often have to make
efforts to
avoid focusing on the
past
.
“
超级自传体记忆
”
者不得不努力不去关注过去。
41.
Most
people
do
not
have
clear memories
of past
events.
大部分人对过去发生的事件没有淸晰的记忆。
42.
HSAM
can be
both
a curse and a blessing
.
“
超级自传体记忆
”
是福也是祸。
43.
A young woman
sought
explanation from
a brain
scientist
when she noticed her
unusual memory.
一位年轻女士发现自己的超常记忆力向脑科学家寻求解释。
44.
Some people
with
HSAM
find it very
hard
to get rid of
unpleasant memories
.
一些
“
超级
自传体记忆
”
者发觉忘掉不愉快的记忆非常困难。
45.
A
recent study of people with
HSAM
reveals that they are
liable to
fantasy and
full
absorption in an activity
.
一项关于拥有
“
超级自传体记记
”
者的研究表明他们有幻想倾向和全神贯注于
某种活动的倾向。
A) For
most of us,
memory
is a mess of
blurred
and faded pictures
of our lives. As
much
as
we
would
like
to
cling
on
to
our
past,
even
the
saddest
moments
can
be
washed away with time.
A
）（
41
）对于大多数人而言，记忆就像一本逐
渐模糊褪色的人生画册。无论
我们多想要抓住过去，即使最痛苦的时刻也会随着时间而消
逝。
41.
Most people
do
not
have
clear
memories
of past events.
41.
【定位】由题干中的
Most
people
，
memories
和
past
定位。
A
）【精析】细节归纳题。定位段指出，对于大多数人而言，记忆就橡一本逐
渐模糊褪色的人生画册。无论我们多想要抓住过去，即使最痛苦的时刻也会随
< br>着时间而消逝。也就是说，大部分人对过去发生的事件没有淸晰的记忆。题干
是对
定位段的概括，故答案为
A
）。
B) Ask Nima
Veiseh
what he was doing for
any day in the past 15 years, however,
and he will give you the details of the
weather, what he was wearing, or even what
side of the train he was sitting on his
journey to work. “My memory is like a library
of video tapes,
walk-
throughs of every day of my life
from waking to sleeping,” he
explains.
B
）但是，如果你问尼玛
·
维瑟过去
15
年中任意一天在做什么，他会告诉你
从
当天的天气状况到他的衣着，甚至他去上班时坐在火车的哪一侧等所有细节。
“
我的记忆就像一个存放录像带的图书馆，完全记录我生活中从睁眼醒来
到入
睡的每一天，
”
他解释道。
C)
Veiseh
can even put a date
on when those tapes started recording: 15 December
2000, when he met
his first
girlfriend a
t his best friend’s 16th
birthday party. He had
always had a
good memory, but the
thrill of young
love
seems to have shifted a gear
in his mind: from now on, he would
start recording his whole life in detail. “I could
tell you everything about every day
after that. ”
C
）（
38
）维瑟甚至能说出这些
“
录像带
”
开始录像的时间：
2000
年
12
月
15
日。那天，他在最好朋友的
16
< br>岁生日晚会上遇见了他的初恋女友。他之前记
忆力一直都很好，但是年轻爱情的冲
动似乎拨动了他脑中的某个机关。从那以
后，他开始能记录一生中的每个细节。
“
我能告诉你从那以后每天发生的所有
事。
”
38.
Veiseh
began to
remember the details of his everyday experiences
after he met
his first young
love
.
38.
【定位】由题干中
的
Veiseh
和
first
young love
定位到文章
C
）
段。
C
）【精析】细节归纳题。定位
段主要介绍了维瑟的超强记忆启动的经历：在
最好朋友的生日晚会上遇到自己的初恋后，
维瑟开始能记住生活中的每个细
节。题干是对定位段的概括总结，故答案为
C
）。
D) Needless to say, people like Veiseh
are of great interest to neuroscientists
（神经
科学专家）
hoping to understand the way the brain
records our lives. A couple of
recent
papers have finally op
ened a window on
these people’s extraordinary minds.
And
such research might even suggest ways for us all
to relive our past with greater
clarity.
D
）毋庸多言，那
些想了解大脑如何记录人类生活的神经科学专家对维瑟这样
的人抱有极大的兴趣。最近一
些学术论文终于揭开了这些人的非凡记忆力的冰
山一角，这些研究甚至可能指引我们找到
方法去更加淸楚地重现我们过去的生
活。
A
）
—
D
）段以尼玛
·
维
瑟的超强记忆力为例，说明科学家对超强记忆的兴趣，
及对此研究的意义。
E)
‘Highly
superior
autobiographical
memory’
(or
HSAM
for
short),
first
came
to
light
in
the
early
2000s,
with
a
young
woman
named
Jill
Price.
Emailing
the
neuroscientist
and
memory
researcher Jim
McGaugh one
day,
she
claimed
that
she
could
recall
every
day
of
her
life
since
the
age
of
12.
Could
he
help
explain
her
experiences
?
E
）（
43
）
这种
“
超级自传体记忆
”
（简称
HSAM
）首次进入公众视野是在
21
世
纪初。一天，一位名叫古尔
·
普莱斯的年轻女士给研究记忆的神经科学专家吉
姆<
/p>
·
麦克高夫发邮件，声称她可以回忆起
1
2
岁以来毎一天的生活。麦克高夫能
否帮助解释她的经历？
F) McGaugh
invited her to his lab, and began to test her:
he would give her a date
and ask her to tell him about the world
events on that day. True to her word, she was
correct almost every time.
F
）麦克高夫邀请她来他的实验室，并开始对她进行测试：他给出一个日期，
让她说出那天发生的世界大事。结果不悖其言，她几乎每次都能回答正确。
G)
It
didn
’t
take
long
for
magazines
and
documentary
film-makers
to
come
to
understand
her
“total
recall”,
and
thanks
to
the
subsequent
media
interest
,
a
few
dozen other
subjects (including Veiseh) have since come
forward and
contacted
the
team
at the University of
California, Irvine.
G
）（
39
）没用多长时间，杂志和纪录片导演便来了解她的
“
全面回忆
”
。得益
于这些媒体后续的兴趣，几十个其他的受试者（包括维瑟）自告奋勇，与加利
福尼亚大学欧文分校的研究团队取得了联系。
39.
Many more
people
with HSAM started to
contact
researchers
due to the
mass
media.