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词性转换（名词、形容词和副词）和比较等级
A
(2018·浙江卷
)Few
people
I
know
seem
to
have
much
desire
or
time
to
Chinese __1__ (dish) is seen as
especially westerners __2__ come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
__3__
can
be
to
eat
out.I
still
remember
__4__
(visit)
a
friend
who'd
lived
here
for
five
years
and I __5__ (shock) when I learnt she hadn't
cooked once in all that time.
While
regularly
eating
out
seems
to
__6__
(become)
common
for
many
young
people
in
recent
years
，
it's
not
without
a
obvious
one
is
money
；
eating
out
once
or twice
a week may be __7__ (afford) but doing this most
days adds could
be an even __8__
(high) cost on your chers have found that there is
a direct link between the increase in
food eaten outside the home and the rise in
__9__ (weigh) problems.
If
you are not going to suffer this
problem
，
then I suggest that
the next time
you go to your mum's home
__10__ dinner
，
get a few
cooking tips from g
food can be might
also begin to notice the effects not only on your
health
but in your pocket.
答案：
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。
作者发现了一件让自己惊讶的事情：来到中国
的西方人几乎自己不做饭，而且越来越多的年轻人自己也不做饭。
1
．
dishes
< br>解析：
句意：做中国菜被认为是一件特别麻烦的事。考查可数名词复数。
dish
是可数名词，要用其复数形式。
2
．
who/that
解析：
句意：很多来到中国的西方人自己做饭的次数大大少于他们在自
己国家做饭的次数。
__2__come to China
是定语从句，修饰先行词
westerners
，定语从句
中缺少主语，且先行词表示“人”，所以要用关系代词
who/that
引导。
3
．
it
解
析：
句意：……一旦他们意识到在外面吃饭有多么便宜。考查
i
t
的用法。空
格处是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语
to eat out
，所以答案为
i
t
。
4
．
visiting
解析：
句意：我仍然记得去拜访过一位在这里生活了五年的朋友。考查
非谓语动词。
空格处是非谓语动词作宾语，
根
据语境可知此处表达“记得做过某事”，
应该
用
remember doing sth.
，所以答案为
visiting
。
5
．
was
shocked
解析：
句意：当我得
知她那五年自己一次饭也没有做过时，我感到震
惊。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处
是句子的谓语，
shock
与主语
I<
/p>
为被动关系，且根
据
learnt
可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为
was
shocked
。
6
．
have
become
解析：
句意：尽管近年
来经常在外面吃饭好像对很多年轻人来说已经
1
是一件很平常的事了。考查非谓语动词。
seem to do
sth.
好像做某事。根据语境和句子中
的时间状语
in
recent
years
可知，此处应该用不定式的完成时，表示动作已经完成，所以
答案为
have become
。
7
．
affordable
解析：
句意：每周在外面吃饭一两次是可以负担得起的。考查形容词。<
/p>
空格处在句中作表语，表示主语的特征，要用
afford
的形容词形式，所以答案为
affordable(
< br>负担得起的
)
。
8
．
higher
< br>解析：
句意：这么做可能还会让你付出更高的健康代价。考查形容词比较
级。根据
even
可知此处应该用比较级形式，
故填
higher
。
9
．
weight
< br>解析：
考查名词。空格处修饰后面的名词，
weight
problems
体重问题。
10
．
for
解析：
句意：下一次去你妈妈那儿吃饭的时候，从她那儿学习一些做饭方面
的建议。
考查介词的用法。
根据语境可知空格处表
达“为了吃饭”。
应该用介词
for
表
示目
的。
B
(2018·山东淄博一模
)British Prime
Minister Theresa Mary May paid an __1__
(office)visit to China from Jan. 31 to
Feb. 2. She said in her__2__(speak) on Jan.
31, “With the building of the global
comprehensive strategic partnership towards
the 21st century between China and the
UK, the relationship has __3__(deep)by
people?to?people and cultural exchanges
between the two countries.”
In exchanges between China and the UK,
British tea has become a cultural part
that has to be mentioned. Tea, __4__
the important goods of the ancient Maritime
Silk Road, was once an important
carrier of Sino?British trade relations, and has
existed for thousands of years. Through
business and trade __5__ has covered more
than
10,000
kilometers
and
100
years
，
Chinese
tea
has
officially
entered
every
corner
of
Europe. The UK, however, is the European country
most __6__(affect) by tea
culture.
The
popularity
of
te
a?drinking
in
Britain
was
first
limited
to
the
royal
family.
Later, when expensive __7__(tea) were
sold in certain cafes, women were initially
not allowed
to enter.
It wasn't
__8__ 1706 that
Thomas
Twining founded the
world's
first
dry
tea
and
coffee
shop
in
London.
The
tea
shop
quickly
became
a
favorite
place
for
London
women.
__9__(strong)
promoted
by
those
fashionable
women,
__10__(taste)
tea
gradually
became
popular
among
the
upper
class
of
Britain.
In
the
eyes
of
people
who love tea
culture all
over the world, Twining's tea has become
a representative
of British
tea.
答案：
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国茶文化的发展历史。
2
1
．
official
解析：
句意：
英国首相特蕾莎·玛丽·梅从
1
月
31
日至
2
月
2
日对中国
进行了正式访问。
设空处作名词
visit<
/p>
的定语，
由此可推知设空处需用形容词形式。
official
为形容词，意为“官方的，正式的”。
2
．
speech
< br>解析：
句意：在
1
月
31
日的演讲中，她说：“随着中英两国面向
21
世纪
全球全面战略合作伙伴关系的构建，
通过两国间的人际和文化交流，
这种关系得到了加强。
”
设空处作介词
in
的宾语，意为“演讲”，
故填名词
speech
。
3
．
deepened/been
deepened
解析：
设空处为谓语动词，根据设空处前的
has
可知设
空处应与
has
一起构成现在完成时形式；
deepen
可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意为
“加深，加强”。由此可知设
空处填
deepened
或
been
deepened
。
4
．
as
解
析：
句意：作为古代海上丝绸之路的重要商品，茶叶曾经是中英贸易关系的
重要载体，
到现在已经存在数千年了。
根据设空处后
的名词
goods
可知设空处应为介词，
意
为“作为”，故填
as
。
5
．
that/which
解析：
句意：通过覆盖
1
万多公里、历经
100
多年的商贸活动，中国
的茶叶已经正式进入欧洲的每个角落。介词短语“Through business and
trade
'5'has
covered more
than 10,000 kilometers and 100
years”作状语；其中“
'5' has covered
more
than
10,000
kilometers
and
100
years”为限制性定语从句，先行词为
business
and
trade
；
将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作主语，
且指“事物”，
故填
that
或
w
hich
。
6
．
affected
解析：
句意：然而英国是受茶文化影响最大的欧洲国家。考查非谓语动
词作定语。被修饰词
country
与
affect
为逻辑上的被动关系，故填过去分词
affected
。
7
．
teas
解析：
句意：后来，当昂贵的茶叶在某些咖啡馆出售时，起初女性是不允许
进入的。考查主谓一致。根据谓语动词
were
可
知主语需用名词复数形式，故填
teas
。
8
．
until
解析：
句意：直到
1706
年，托马斯·川宁才在伦敦创立了世界第一家干茶
和咖啡馆。
n
ot...until
是固定用法，所以设空处填
until<
/p>
。
9
．
Strongly
解析：
句意：在那些时尚女性的强力推动下，品茶在英国上层社会越来
越流行。设空处作状语，表示
promoted
的程度，故填副词
strongly
。
10
．
tasting
解析：
设空处作主语，意为“品
(
茶)”，故用非谓语动词形式；设空处
并不表示具体某一次的行为，因此用动
名词作主语。综上所述设空处填
tasting
。
C
(2018·河北唐
山五校
4
月联考
)Smartphon
es are an __1__(importance) part of
everyday
life
for
most
teens
today.
But
are
teens
addicted
to
their
phones?
One
out
of
every
two
teens
in
the
US
and
Japan
feel
they
are,
according
to
__2__
recent
study.
The study __3__(base)
on an April 2017 survey of 1,200 parents and
teens. It's
the
first
such
study
in
Japan,
__4__
90
percent
of
parents
and
teens
own
smartphones.
3