-
注意：
以下内容根据书本整理，
其中可能包含若
干拼写和抄写错误，请勿深究。另外英美拼
写均有，请自行注意。中英文并不完全对照，
可能有包含关系或者反向理解，请自行查阅工
具书，自行理解，
切勿死记硬背
。
科技
提高生产率
促进信息交流和贸易往来
思想更开朗
更多娱乐时间、生活更丰富
科技具有教育性和益智性
音乐、电影、专辑、视频
裁员
工作生活的差别越来越模糊
不愿外出活动
以个人为中心的社会
过分依赖因特网
人与人交流少
关系难以保持
对社会和家庭都不利
缺乏社会生活和实践经验
引起疾病
机器代替人力
人们缺少思考如何解决问题
被动接受信息
突发事件可以通过信号来确定人的位置
浏览网页
improve productivity
promote
trade activity across border
enlightened
leisure lives
have been enriched
educational and
intelligence-enhancing
music files,
albums, video clips
make people
redundant
boundary between work and
play is blurred
sedentary lifestyle
concerned about one’s own way of
life,
an
insular society
develops and forms
inactive
lifestyle
rely
excessively
on
the
internet for running
errands
personal interaction reduces
hard to maintain and improve relations
with
friends and family
detrimental to family life or social
relations
within or outside of work
social life and practical experience
lifestyle
diseases,
such
as
obesity,
stroke,
diabetes, heart
diseases
replace manpower
work
out
solutions
to
problems
under
different circumstances
receive information passively
in
the
event
of
an
emergency,
locate
trapped or injured
people using the signals
from their
mobile phones
internet browsing
说话声音过大，让人感觉不舒服
信息可能被第三方截取或偷听
有可能增加患癌几率
农业化向工业化转变
工业生产品多样化
现代科技的基础
现代科技是早期科技的革新
人口过快增长
资源使用
环境问题
动植物减少
生活在贫困线以下
提高生产力
增加粮食产量
不治之症
增加工作灵活性
减少上下班时间
增加员工动力
节省办公空间和设备
管理员工和监督工作
难以集中培训导致员工技术和工作质量下降
难以保持团队精神，缺乏交流，疏远感
空间小，易管，拷贝方便，不易损坏
减少油墨纸张的消耗
方面读者携带使用
传统书对眼睛伤害程度低一些
speak
at
an
increased
volume,
feel
uncomfortable
intercept, eavesdrop in
increase the risk of suffering cancer
make
a
transition
from
agriculture
to
manufacture
manufactured goods
the
prototype of modern technologies
innovations
of
those
inventions
in
the
earliest
days of the Industrial Revolution
rapid
population growth
inefficient energy
use
environmental conditions
deteriorating
decline in fauna and
flora
living on, near or below the
poverty line
boost productivity
increase crop yields
incurable diseases
introduce
flexibility
reduce interruptions and
commuting time
increase staff
motivation
save
office
space
and
other
facilities,
reduce costs
manage
homeworkers,
performance
monitor
lead to possible deteriorating of
employee’s
skills and work quality
maintain team spirit, lack
communicating, a
sense of isolation
among homeworkers
take
up
little
space,
easier
to
manage,
instantly copied, wear overtime
cut
down
on
ink
production,
paper
and
lumber
production
reader-friendly
type,
size
and
font
are
adjustable
less
harmful
to
eyes,
less
eye
strain
over
extended reading time
不需要辅助阅读设备
现代通讯工具增加了口头交流的比重
文字交流方式
目的、读者、语气和场合
对事情的充分解释
逻辑的组织
清楚的表达自己
给出正确和完整的信息
语气
减少误会
XXX
的普及
对生活质量的要求更高
电脑和自动化设备
支付得起更多娱乐
适应科技
工作时间外的工作
require no power source or reading
device
the proportion of oral
communications
different forms of
communications
purpose, audience, tone
and context
provide adequate
explanation
arrange and express
thoughts logically
make the purpose
clear
give correct and complete details
neutral and warm in tone
lessen the possibility of
misunderstanding
the popularity of XXX
higher demand on standards of living
computerization and automation
able to afford recreational activities
keep the pace with the fast development
of
technology
work beyond
normal working hours
acquire new skills
critical
thinking skills)
analytical skills
problem solving skills
theoretical knowledge
practical experience
improve
career prospects
improve social skills
hone communication skills
adapt to new environment
develop physical fitness
educate them to lead or maintain a
healthy
lifestyle
heighten
one’s
awareness
of
moral
standards
conform to rules
accepted by the society
assume
responsibility
develop
an
appreciation
of
art,
poetry
and
literature
media
and
information
technologies
make
different learning opportunities
available
survive fierce competition
improve qualification specialized
expertise
education concept is in
transition
students are
not
confined to
a
certain age
group
value of life
教育
有助于学习技能
提高思考问题能力
分析问题能力
解决问题的能力
加强理论知识
增加实践经验
帮助学习者提高就业前景
提高社会技能
交流技巧
适应环境的能力
提高身体素质
帮助学生养成良好生活习惯
提高道德标准意识
遵守社会规范
履行责任
提高学生对艺术、诗歌和文学的欣赏水平
媒体和信息科技提供机会
激烈竞争中生存
提高能力和专业才能
教育观念转变
学生不限制在一个年龄段之间
人生价值
求知欲
精神需要
终生教育
面对面交流
口语相互影响
社交能力
意识团队重要性
让学生关系紧张
紧张、自信心不足、自私的性格
作弊
从各种各样的观点和经验中受益
突出个人能力
有利学生个人发展
强调一致性
有动力
造成团队进度不快
效果不佳
调整教学材料和教学方法
适合学生
掌握学习节奏
不会骄傲自满
导致学生缺乏自尊心
对学习成绩缺乏期望
养成学生对学业不积极的态度
厌学心理
进一步拉大优秀学生和落后学生的差距
学生之间激烈的竞争
quest
for knowledge
(spiritual needs)
lifelong education
face to
face interaction
engage
at
close
range
and
are
influenced
by
each other’s verbal communication
social skills
become
aware
of
the
importance
of
cooperation in group
result
in the interpersonal conflict
linked to
high anxiety levels, self-doubt and
selfishness
promote cheating
benefit from a diversity of
perspectives and
experiences
achieve personal distinctions
personal achievement
concerted effort
lack
motivation
achieve little progress
outcomes are not successful
adjust materials and methods of
instruction
adjust curriculum to
student’s aptitude
teach at a faster or slower pace
reduce arrogance
foster
lower self-esteem
lower aspirations
develop negative attitudes toward
school
resistant to schooling
widen
the
gap
between
the
low
and
high
achievers
result in fierce
rivalry among students
打好基础
有助于职业发展
前车之鉴
借鉴前人知识
避免走弯路
把握今天做出正确决定
关注自身文化背景
保持民族自豪感
社会团结
世界日新月异
历史可能歪曲事实
扩大视野
提高分析和比较信息的能力
增加课业负担
与学生生活社区不大
基因特征
给予我们内在的能力和特征
行为模式
思考模式
双胞胎
分开抚养
相似之处
在一起抚养
会有很大的不同
环境的影响和约束
拓宽知识面
沉迷于电脑
严重影响学习
lay a
solid foundation
career development
summary of antecedents
draw
on
the
empirical
knowledge
of
the
generations before us
avoid
taking a wrong path
make a wiser
decision at the present time
cultural
identity
preserve ethnic dignity
social solidarity
undergo
dramatic changes
distort the truth
broaden their horizons
the
ability
to
analyze
and
compare
information
add to the pressure a student
experiences
have
no
relevance
to
the
community
in
which students are living
genetic tendencies
endow us
with inborn abilities and traits
behavioral patterns
ways of
thinking
fraternal twins
reared apart
show many
similarities
rear under the same
condition
do not resemble each other
influenced and conditioned by
environment
have a broad knowledge of
many subjects
obsessed with the
computer
create distractions
影响视力
过分依靠电脑
在交通上浪费时间
残疾学生
多媒体使得教学更加生动
按照自己的接受程度尽心学习
提高学习效率
减少老师负担
增加学习乐趣
提问和反馈之间的停滞
太多干扰使得学生分散注意力
需要更强的自制力
沟通障碍
因材施教
监控学生不良行为
对于社会有害的认识
校园暴力
滥用药物
酗酒
破坏公物
反社会行为
监督学生在校表现
提高道德准则的认知
模仿大人的行为
分辨对错
行驶监护权
为监护不当承担责任
impair
vision
excessive reliance on computer
use
no waste of time in transportation
students with disabilities
make the class more lively with the use
of
multimedia
learn at their
own pace
improve the efficiency of
study
even out workloads
increase learning enjoyment
lag
time
between
student
input
and
feedback
too many
distractions at home
demand
a
high
level
of
autonomy
and
commitment
cause
communication barriers
teach students
in accordance with their own
characteristics and differnces
d
iscern students’
inappropriate behaviors
be
aware of social evils
school violence
misuse of drugs
alcohol-
related problems
sabotage
anti-social behavior
monitor
the behavior of youths at school
increase
their
standards
awareness
of
moral
imitate
the way parents speak and behave
tell
right from wrong
commit their
guardianship
accountable for negligence
给予指导
树立正确的道德观和价值观
付出相应的代价
管教不严
虐待
社会环境
身心健康
326
以暴力解决问题
逆反心理
影响小孩和父母的关系
对父母的憎恨
失去对学习和生活的自信
建立自尊
导致自闭症
管教孩子的方式
对自己犯的错误有更深的记忆
时刻提醒自己不再犯相同的错误
不敢勇于尝试和面对失败
表现出不足够的自制
缺乏独立性
不能单独面对困难和解决问题
一无是处
悲观压抑
使得小孩不能表现自我
养成良好生活习惯
改正不良行为
选择正确的成功之路
provide
parental guidance
cultivate a
child’s value and behavior
pay a price for being neglectful
parents
lack of discipline
abuse or neglect
social
settings
physical and mental health
solve problems by means of violence
result in rebellion
impair
the
relation
between
children
and
parents
incite hatred for their parents
have
little
confidence
on
their
study
and
future life
keep their self-
respect
cause autism
a form
of discipline
gain
a
profound
understanding
of
their
faults
prevent
them
from
committing
the
same
errors
afraid to try and fail
fail
to
demonstrate
self-regulation
lack of
independence
conquer
difficulties
and
handle
different
situations
feel unworthy
suffer high levels of depression
deny
children
the
opportunity
to
express
individuality
form appropriate behavior patterns
stop their misbehaviors
take
the right path to success
considerable
缺乏良好教育机会
不好的家庭环境
体验不同事物的机会
无法拓展人际圈
办事屡屡碰壁
承担起家里的负担
变得更加成熟
韧性
忍受困难
承受压力
接受挑战
与人为善
形成自己的人际圈
巩固基础
333
增加责任感
增加知识
提高基本技能
学会适应压力
死记硬背的人
抑制想象力
过分强调成绩
不利于身心健康
居无定所
教育的连续性
学习情况一直被监督
成绩提高很快
lack of
the access to quality education
without
a
living
and
nurturing
home
environment
have
few
opportunities
experiences
to
broaden
difficult to expand
their social networks
encounter
obstacles but obtain
no
support
from others
bear a burden, including domestic
affairs
have the maturity to behave and
think like
an adult
more
resilient
have extraordinary endurance
of hardships
more
accustomed
problems
to
pressure
and
more
willing to take on challenges
being
kind-hearted
a strong circle of friends
reinforce
their
education
with
homework
and reading
strengthen his or her sense of
responsibility
improve general
knowledge
increase mastery of basic
academic skills,
such
as
reading,
writing,
spelling,
and
mathematics
deal with
stressful feelings
rote learner
little room for imagination
overemphasize school performance
physical,
psychological
and
emotional
well-being
have to cope with
displacement frequently
educational
continuity
regular supervised study
periods
high achievement standards
集体生活
学生与社会隔离
与父母关系疏远
无法满足感情需求
同龄群体不良影响几率大
获得社会和工作经验
学习并锻炼技能
增加对工作的责任感
形成团结互助的良好社会风气
建立信任
强制性的
积极性
分散注意力
课程设置更合理
受到更多关注
薄弱环节
老师教学监督经验更加丰富
费用较高
大部分人无法承担
物质上的攀比
学生两极化
优越感
平衡学习和工作
为未来的专业选择做好准备
将知识应用于实践
提高决策能力和处理问题的能力
communal life
experience
social detachment
alienate children
from parents
emotional needs
peer
groups
become
a
more
significant
force
gain
experience,
especially
first-hand
experience
learn and
exercise skills
strengthen
the
responsibility/obligation
sense
of
help
others on an impromptu basis
build
mutual trust
mandatory
enthusiasm
constitute a
distraction
better
academic
programmes
and
extracurricular
individual
attention from teachers
solve
students
’
problems
individually
professional teaching
staff
fees are exorbitant
unaffordable for much of the population
show
off
material
wealth
and
personal
belongings
lead to polarization among students
feel superior to others
maintain
a
balance
between
their
studies
and
the workload from part-time jobs
identify
career
preference
and
areas
of
interest
apply what they learn in practice
develop
decision-making
problem-solving skills
and
适应社会需求
不能够应付可能出现的困难
遭受打击
找不到符合自己性格和兴趣的工作
提高学生对于课堂的兴趣
提高教学质量
开展师生对话
包含偏见
干扰教学进程
污蔑和诽谤之嫌
得到应有的尊重
迎合学生
缓解压力
使人放松
培养情绪
营造良好校园环境
保持和增强身体各部分机能
建立良好个人形象
发展良好的体育精神
注重公平竞争和诚实
劳动力总体需求下降
劳动法
对年轻人抱有偏见和不信任
教育不够
缺乏培训
缺乏对劳动力市场的清晰理解
对工资和职业期望过高
fail
to meet the requirements of employers
unable to cope with hardships incurred
suffer setbacks
hard
to
find
jobs
that
match
one
’
s
characters and interests
arouse
students
’interests
in class
improvement of instruction
open up an evolving dialogue
contain prejudice
disrupt
teaching
comment
on
teachers
with
contempt
and
defamatory remark
gain the
respect they deserve
cater for students
reduce stress
help us to
relax
create a mood
create a
favourable school environment
maintain
or increase their level of physical,
mental, social, and emotional
functioning
develop a positive self-
image
develop good sportsmanship
value fair play and honesty
a fall in the overall demand for labour
labour market regulations
prejudice
against
young
inexperienced
workers
inadequate education
lack of appropriate training
a clear understanding of the job market
exceedingly
high
occupational
and
wage
aspirations
缺乏对雇主的忠诚
性格多变
刺激经济发展
完善劳动与就业相关法律法规
杜绝就业歧视
保障劳动者利益
了解社会需求和就业形势
积极参加社会实践和岗前培训
单亲家庭
对情感需求无法得到满足
教育不够妥善
没有正确的引导
行为不良
同龄群体的影响
对物质财富的强烈追求
不择手段
和平时期的征兵
培养团结精神和团队精神
不注重个性发展
违背意愿
耽误个人发展
漠视人们生命的价值和快乐
缓解劳动力缺乏
显示社会的团结
新颖有效的教育形式
349
为地处偏
远和行动不便的人、工作时间不稳
定的人提供里教育机会
lack of loyalty to employers
mercurial nature
stimulate
the economy
enact
laws
that
provide
workers
with
protection
prohibit age
discrimination
protect
workers
’rights
take a closer look at the trends in the
labour
market
participate
actively
in
internships
and
pre-career training
single-
parent hoseholds
emotional needs left
unattended
improper parental care
receive no instruction on an ongoing
basis
serious misconduct
delinquent peer group
a
strong
desire
for
material
wealth
and
luxury lifestyles
illegitimate means
peacetime
conscription
immense unity and team
spirit
emphasize
individuality
conformity,
instead
of
against the will
impede
personal development
the value and
happiness of civilians
’
lives in
peace
relieve
labour shortages
demonstrate social solidarity
a
very
original
and
effective
educational
model
those
with
restricted
mobility,
such
as
the
elderly, disabled and injured
文档资料易储存、提取、打印和阅读
缺少面对面交流
很难及时得到反馈
不是所有都承认网络教育学历
documents and materials
lack
of
in-person
contact
with
faculty
members
wait
for
a
long
time
before
receiving
feedback about
assignments
not all work industries
acknowledge online
degrees
sea level rise
radioactive waste disposal
deteriorating environement
droughts floods sand storms and acid
rain
alternative energy
food
supply problem
deforestation
overgrazing
environmentally
friendly technology
at the cost of
environment
unchecked and reckless use
of resources
环境
海平面上升
放射物质的废物处理
生活环境恶化
干旱水灾沙尘暴酸雨
可替代能源
食品供应不足
森林减少
过度放牧
对环境有利的科技
以环境为代价
资源使用不当或无节制
植树造林
使用可更新能源例如取之不尽的太阳能
地方性全球性
共享地球资源
污染会从一个地方传播到另一个地方
单方面的努力是不够的
国际合作采取更多行动
由当地政府解决
造成环境问题的原因因地区而异
国际经验未必适用于某个特定的地区
大量破坏环境的气体
噪音污染和水污染
工业废气
汽车尾气
技术的发展
一些减轻影响的措施已经实施
致力于发明使用可再生和清洁能源的汽车
阻止人们使用汽油
必要的交通工具
转移人们的注意力
发展环保汽油
其他可更新能源
没有获得安全引用水的途径
地下水的过度使用
人口过快增长
工农业和家庭的需求增大
afforestation
make most of
renewable energy, including
inexhaustible
natural
resources,
like
the
sun
regional
worldwide
share the
Earth
’
s supply
transport
pollution
from
one
location
to
another
unilateral moves are not enough
take strong multilateral actions
tackled by the local or national
government
causes and solutions differ
from one region
to another
international
practices
might
not
apply
locally
environmental
destructive gases
noise and water
pollution
industrial air pollution
car emission
technological
development
mitigation measures have
been taken
driven
to
develop
the
vehicles
that
are
powered by other forms of energy
discourage people from using petrol
irreplaceable means of transport
distract attention from the root cause
of the
problem
create
cleaner fuels
generation of renewable
energy
no access to safe drinking water
unsustainable
resources
use
of
groundwater
rapid population
growth
increasing farming, industrial
and domestic
demand
收集雨水
废水循环利用
导致垃圾的增多
258
一次性产品
垃圾任意排放
改进工业生产
减少资源使用
采取相关垃圾循环再利用措施
抑制野生植物生长
农作物茁壮成长
增加产量
植物抗旱
抵御病虫害
降低土壤肥沃程度
土壤质量下降
病虫害免疫力提高
环境污染，破坏生态系统
化肥残留农作物
损害生物多样性
食物单一化
harvest rain
aquifer
protection and recharge
the increment
of rubbish
short-lived or disposable
items
discharge of refuse
modify industrial production
reduce raw material inputs
disposal and recycling schemes
stunt growth if wild plants
bigger stronger plants
lead
to higher output
produce drought-
resistant plants
crop varieties that
withstand pest attacks
reduce soil
fertility
soil degradation
acquire more resistance
pollute and destroy local ecosystems
persist and build up in the body
reduce biodiversity
homogeneous diets
sense of identity
the long-
term survival of humanity
national
costume
or
regional
costume
can
express
local
identity
and
emphasise
uniqueness
a source of one
’
s
national pride
national symbol
indicate
social,
marital
and/or
religious
status
obvious differences between cultures
symbol of the social customs and
history of
a place
cultural
resource
old architectural works
preserve culture values
old
architectural works
create its identity
bridge the present and the past history
establish
some
variations
among
the
buildings
grand high-rising structures
restored
to
its
original/authentic
state
of
existence
aged
buildings
an antithesis of development
craftsmanship
文化
身份感
208
人类的长期存在
服饰体现了当地的特色
民族自豪感的源泉
国家形象
民族服装是社会、婚姻和宗教的身份和地位
发现文化之间的不同之处
社会习俗和历史的标志
文化资源
保护老建筑
保护文化
丰富的建筑遗产
地区的形象
连接过去和现在桥梁
建筑的多样性
宏伟的高层建筑
修复成原来的模样
老建筑古建筑历史建筑
与经济发展有冲突
技艺
大量的金钱和时间
破烂不堪
建筑风格
突出和塑造一个地区的形象
赏心悦目
建筑物的外观和内部
与周围环境相协调
结构颜色纹理装饰灯光
视觉吸引力
完整性
实际使用问题
收藏大量物品
不能触碰
历史讲解
关注当地文化
特定的主题
人种学人类学
陌生枯燥的
歌舞表演
电影和录像
有些展品
commitment of
time and money
worn out
architecture or a style of buildings
highlight or create its identity
please the eye
the exterior
and the interior
blend into its setting
structure
colour
texture
ornamentation
lighting
visual appeals have
no market value
integrity
practical utility
house a
large collection of selected objects
forbid physical contact
provide interpretation
concentrate on the host
region
’
s culture
concentrate on a particular subject
ethnology anthropology
unfamiliar abstract and uninteresting
operas and concerts
movies
videos and videotapes
item on
exhibition
ethnic food
time conscious
easily induce fatigue and stress
a threat to health
a drop in
leisure time
lead to work-family
conflicts
long
hours
are
not
necessarily
productive
hours
high
pay
can
’
t
compensate
for
unrelating
time pressure
low morale
high absenteeism
and turnover
commitment toward their
work
improve take-home pay
increase
job
security
and
promotion
opportunities
job security
basic pay
job-related benefits
working
conditions
able to cope with work pace
good
rapport
with
coworkers,
peers
and
superiors
receive training and counseling
attainment of full potential
生活方式社会观念
各国特色的食物
时间观念
产生压力和疲倦
对健康的威胁
减少了休闲时间
导致工作和家庭之间的冲突
长时间的工作未必都有效率和效益
不能补偿时间所产生的压力
士气低下
旷工率和辞职率高
对工作热情
提高收入
争取工作和晋升的机会
工作稳定
基本收入
工作相关的回报
工作环境和条件
工作节奏比较适当
好的同事、同伴和上司
接受训练和指引
能够发挥全部潜能的机会
获得别人的认同
进行革新和创造的机会
成功的感觉
对工作的期待随着自己的经历改变而改变
充分发挥自己的能力
提高技能和增加经验
换工作
发展多种技能
丰富个人简历
提高个人的市场价值和工作稳定性
稳定的工作机会就会很少
在竞争中失利
职业生存
没有高枕无忧的空间
接受挑战、把握机会
理智的职业选择
离开目前的雇主
会给自己一种新期待
一种学习的热情
对自己的职业发展弊大于利
跳槽
适应新环境
视为威胁
工作表现不能被轻易认同
反映低承受力和对雇主的低忠诚度
缺乏工作动力
重新招聘
休息时间不够充分
receive
recognition
given
the
opportunities
for
innovation
and
creativity
experience a
feeling of success
expectations
varied
as
their
experience
changed
make the best use of
one
’
s abilities
improve skills and gain new experiences
switching jobs
acquire a
wide array of technical skills
enhance
the resume
improve marketability and
job security
continued employment will
be meager
vulnerable to the competition
in terms of career survival
there is no room for complacency
take
on
new
challenges
and
seize
opportunities
a sound career move
leave
the current employer
a sense of
anticipation
generate an enthusiasm to
learn
do more harm than good to
one
’
s career
job-
hopping
adjust to the new environment
seen as a threat
readily
being recognized
reflect
badly
on
the
job
candidate
’
s
resilience and loyalty
lack
of self-motivation
restart a new
recruiting process
inadequate leisure
time
高压力和快节奏的生活方式
时间和金钱管理不当
兼顾家庭和工作
不切实际的期待
对事情的处理方式
合理的饮食有助于改善自身健康
定期运动
平衡自己的责任和确立首要的事情
习
惯自己的每天生活忽略一些问题的潜在影
响
养成良好的心态
争取减少忧虑
有决断力
看作是正面挑战而不是威胁
处理好和其他人的矛盾
通过体育社交活动或业余爱好来摆脱压力
人生阶段
226
宗教信仰
教育程度
兜圈子掩盖误导
信任是一种美德
建立彼此之间的信任
不用担心前后是否一致
出于好意
顾及他人的感受
减少尴尬
利己主义
忽视其他人的利益
个人主义
live a high-
pressured, fast-paced lifestyle
poor
time and money management
juggle work
and family commitment
unrealistic
expectations
interpret events and
situations
proper
eating
contributes
to
feelings
of
well-
being
exercise regularly
balance obligations and set priorities
become accustomed to your daily
activities
and overlook their
cumulative effect
nurture a good state
of mind
block out worries
be
assertive
positive challenges, not a
threat
resolve conflicts with other
people
release
yourself
from
daily
stresses
with
group sports, social events and hobbies
life stages
religious belief
educational level
spinning
shading misleading
honesty is regarded
as a core virtue
build up mutual trust
statements are consistent
benign
protect/spare a
person
’
s feelings
lighten the embarrassment
egoism
disregard the well-
being of others
individualism
集体主义
共享主义
利他主义
符合自己利益的事情
有动力去实现个人的目标和追求喜好的东西
< br>阻碍一个人寻求自我发展、突出自己和创造
性的动力
不将幸福考虑在内
自私的行为最终会伤害自己
对家庭负责
对社会负责
collectivism
communalism
altruism
do what is in
one
’
s own self-interst
unrestricted pursuit of individual
goals and
desires
hinder
one
’
s
pursuit
of
self-
development,
excellence and creativity
refrain from taking the well-being of
others
into consideration
self-interested
behavior
individuals themselves
duty-
bound to family
have a responsibility
to society
is
to
hurt
commercial
interest and economic value
the
length
of
stay
depends
on
the
cooperation of the host society
friendly and hospitable
promote the cultural communication
alter one
’
s
attitudes towards another people
or
culture
embrace different values and
cultures
create motivation to coexist
peacefully
promote multi-cultural
understanding
promote integration
remove cultural barriers
breach
of
local
customs
can
irritate
the
locals
harbor different
perceptions
different interpretation
provoke unanticipated responses
cause resentment in local communities
in
the
hands
of
a
few,
large,
powerful
organisations
propaganda
domineering force
mass
seductive advertising
create fresh
desires
strong economic ties
全球化
经济利益和价值
停留时间是和文化和
人民更为了解东道国的
合作密切相关的
好客和友好
有助于文化的交流
改变人们对其他民和文化的态度
接受不同文化和价值观
可以和平共处
促进对于多元文化的理解
促进文化融合
消除文化障碍
违反当地习俗会激怒当地人
不同的角度
不同的解释
意想不到的反应
引起当地人的反感
掌握在少数几个有实力的机构中
宣传
主流
有吸引力的广告
对物质的向往
经济联系增强
被新的价值观所围绕
信心和自豪感
拒绝接受自己的文化传统
名族特征
社会凝聚力
降低世界文化的品质和多样性
原来的性质
相互了解和相互认同的可能性
165
未必一定要放弃传统观念
主流媒体一般都会反映文化多元性
适应了当地的条件
注意到了文化的敏感性
自我调节来适应市场
文化不是静态的是动态的
学习外界文化的结果
以适应外国人的口味
对社会团结有所损害
在技术革新中的作用甚微
出卖自己国
家的主权或利益来获得国际的帮
助
贫富差距增大
摒弃传统观念
最终成为历史
主要原因
旅游业和文化遗产相结合
经济支持
深入了解当地传统和习俗
bombarded with new values
confidence and pride
rejection of their cultural heritage
ethnic identity
social
cohesion
degrade
the
quality
and
diversity
of
world
culture
authenticity
likelihood
of
mutual
understanding
and
mutual acceptance
not
necessarily
lead
to
the
abolition
of
traditional values
the dominant media reflect cultural
diversity
adapt to local conditions
aware of cultural sensitivity
exercise self-censorship to suit the
market
not static but dynamic
people
’
s eating
habits have been changed
as the result
of learned behavior
suit the tastes of
visitors
an erosion of social
solidarity
play
a
small
role
in
the
technological
revolution
concede
sovereignty and interests to other
countries for aid
widening
gap
between
the
richest
and
the
poorest parts of the world
renounce traditionally-held beliefs
consigned to history
motivator
integrate tourism
and cultural heritage
economic
incentives
get
an
insight
into
local
customs
and
traditions