雅思Task1范文

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The two graphs show the main sources of energy in the USA in the 1980s and the 1990s.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the changes which occurred.

Write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The two graphs show that oil was the major energy source in the USA in both 1980 and 1990

and that coal, natural gas and hydroelectric power remained in much the same proportions.

On the other hand, there was a dramatic rise in nuclear power, which doubled its percentage

over the ten years.

Oil supplied the largest percentage of energy, although the percentage decreased from 42% in

1980 to 33% in 1990. Coal in 1990 was the second largest source of energy, increasing its

proportion to 27% from 22% in the previous decade. Natural gas, the second largest source in

1980 at 26%, decreased its share very slightly to provide 25% of America’s energy ten years

later.

There

was

no

change

in

the

percentage

supplied

by

hydroelectric

power

which

remained at 5% of the total energy used. Nuclear power the greatest change: in 1990 it was

10%, twice that of the 1980s.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports over three different areas.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

Write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The three graphs of wheat exports each show a quite different pattern between 1985 and 1990.

Exports

from

Australia

declined

over

the

five- year

period,

while

the

Canadian

market

fluctuated

considerably,

and

the

European

Community

showed

an

increase.

In 1985, Australia exported about 15 millions of tonnes of wheat and the following year the

number

increased

by

one

million

tonnes

to

16

million.

After

that,

however,

there

was

a

gradual decline until 1989 and 1990 when it stabilised at about 11 million tonnes. Over the

same period, the amount of Canadian exports varied greatly. It started at 19 million tonnes in

1985,

reached

a

peak

in

1988

of

24

million,

dropped

dramatically

in

1989

to

14

million

tonnes and then climbed back to 19 million in 1990. Seventeen million tonnes were exported

from the European Community in 1985, but this decreased to 14 million tonnes in 1986 and

then rose to 15 million in 1987 and 1988 before increasing once more to 20 million in 1990.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The flowchart illustrates the production of coloured plastic paper clips in a small factory.

Write a report for a university tutor describing the production process.

Write at least 150 words.

There are four main stages in the production of plastic paper clips from this small factory.

Two

of

these

stages

involve

actual

preparation

of

the

clips,

while

the

other

two

consist

of

quality control before the clips are sent out from the factory to the retailers to be sold to the

public.

To begin with, molten plastic is poured into three different moulds depending on the colour

required; the colours are red, blue and

yellow. Once these clips emerge from the moulds a

quality

control

machine

checks

them

for

strength.

Unsatisfactory

clips

are

rejected.

In

the

third

stage

in

the

process

the

clips

are

stored

by

hand

into

two

groups,

mixed

and

single

colours. When this stage is complete the groups are checked a second time to ensure that the

colour mixtures are divided correctly into single colours and mixed colour batches. Finally,

the clips are packed and dispatched to the markets.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The table below give information about Favorite Pastimes in different countries.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Canada

France

England

Australia

Korea

China

USA

Japan

TV

60

/

/

65

22

15

60

/

Sport

22

/

/

30

21

25

23

/

From 30 - 50 years old

Reading

Hobbies

15

30

30

15

60

60

15

62

40

20

21

45

45

50

42

/

Music

3

4

4

5

2

0

23

/

Beach

0

/

/

30

2

5

30

/

Sleep

2

/

20

4

4

5

2

/

model answer:

This table clearly presents and compares favorable pastimes in eight different countries. The

pastimes, across the top of the table, are analyzed in relation to each country.

As can be seen, about 60% of Canadians, Australians and Americans like watching television.

On the other hand, this figure is quite low for China where only 15% of people watch

television. Predictably, Americans like music at 23%, whereas only 2 to 5% of people in the

other countries feel the same way. 20% of people in England enjoy sleeping as a pastime

whereas in Canada and the USA, for example, the figure is only 2%. Interestingly, the

Chinese like hobbies the most at 50%, as opposed to only 20% in France. It isn’t surprising

that the highest percentage of beach-lovers is in Australia and the USA at 30%.

It seems that pastimes of people of different nationalities may be influenced by a number of

factors such as the socio-economic situation or the climate. These factors influence cultural

differences between different nationalities and make cross-cultural experiences more

interesting.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

In this analysis we will examine three pie charts. The first o

ne is headed ‘World Spending.’

The second is ‘World Population’ and the third is ‘Consumption of Resources.’

In the first chart we can see that people spend most of their income (24%) on food. In some

countries this percentage would obviously be much higher. Transport and then housing are

the next major expenses at 18% and 12% respectively. Only 6% of income is spent on

clothing.

In the second chart entitled ‘World Population’, it is not surprising to find that 57% of people

live in Asia. In fact China and India are two of the most populated countries in the world and

they are both situated on this continent. Europe and the Americans account for nearly 30% of

the total, whilst 10% of people live in Africa.

Finally, the third chart reveals that the USA and

Europe consume a huge 60% of the world’s

resource.

To sum up, the major expenditure is on food, the population figures are the highest for Asia

and the major consumers are the USA and Europe.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water consumption in two different

countries.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Country

Brazil

Democratic

Republic

of Congo

Population

176 million

Irrigated land

26,500 km?

Water consumption per person

359 m?

5.2 million

100 km?

8 m?

model answer:

The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000.

Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural Purposes, and

this increased dramatically from about 500 km?

to around 3,000 km?

in the year 2000. Water

used in the industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until

mid- century. From 1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1,000 km?

, while

domestic use rose more slowly to only 300 km?

, both far below the levels of consumption by

agriculture.

The table illustrates the differences in agriculture consumption in some areas of the world by

contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26,500 km?

) with that in the D.R.C. (100

km?

). This means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is

reflected in the figures for water consumption per person: 359 m?

compared with only 8 m?

in

the Congo. With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high

agriculture water consumption can be in some countries.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The diagram below shows how a central heating system in a house works.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

This diagram provides an overview of a domestic central heating system. It shows how the

tank, boiler and pipes ensure a constant flow of hot waterto both the radiators and the taps.

The cold water enters the house and is stored in a water storage tank in the roof. From there ü

flows down to the boiler, located on the ground floor of the house.

The boiler, which is fuelled by gas or oil, heats up the water as it passes through it. The hot

water is then pumped round the house through a system of pipes and flows into the radiators,

located in different rooms. The water circulates through the radiators, which have small tubes

inside them to help distribute the heat, and this warms each of the rooms. Some of the water

is directed to the taps to provide hot water for the house.

Once the water has been through the pipes and radiators, it is returned to the boiler to be re-

heated and circulated round the house again.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The graph below gives information about the preferred leisure activities of Australian children.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The graph shows the preferred leisure sctivities of Australian children aged 5-14. As might be

expected, it is clear from the data that sedentary pursuits are far more popular nowadays than

active ones.

Of the 10,000 children that were interviewed, all the boys and girls stated that they enjoyed

watching TV or videos in their spare time. In addition, the second most popular activity,

attracting 80% of boys and 60% of girls, was playing electronic or computer games. While

girls rated activities such as art and craft highly

–

just under 60% stated that they enjoyed

these in their spare time

–

only 35% of boys opted for creative pastimes. Bike riding, on the

other hand, was almost as popular as electronic games amongst boys and, perhaps

surprisingly, almost 60% of girls said that they enjoyed this too. Skateboarding was relatively

less popular amongst both boys and girls, although it still attracted 35% of boys and 25% of

girls.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The table below provide information on rental charges and salaries in three areas of London.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

You should write at least 150 words.

Weekly rents per property

(?

/w)

1 bed

375

325

215

Area

Notting Hill

Regent's

Park

Fulham

Salaries needed (?

/year)

1 bed

2 bed

3 bed

2 bed

485

450

390

3 bed

738

650

600

98,500

127,500

194,000

85,500

118,000

170,500

56,500

102,500

157,500

model answer:

The table shows two sets of related information: the relative cost, in pounds, of renting a

property with one, two or three bedrooms in three different suburbs of London and an

indication of the kind of annual salary you would need to be earning to rent in these areas.

Of the three areas mentioned, Notting Hill is the most expensive with weekly rents starting at

?

375 (salary approximately f 100,000) and rising to ?

738 per week for a 3-bedroom property.

To afford this, you would require a salary in the region of ?

200,000 per annum. Alternatively,

Fulham is the cheapest area shown with rents ranging from ?

215 per week for a one bedroom

property to ?

600 per week for a 3-bedroom property. To rent in this area, salaries need to be

somewhere between ?

85,000 and ?

170,000 depending on the number of bedrooms required.

For those able to pay in the middle price range for accommodation, Regent's Park might be a

more suitable district.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The diagrams below give information about the Eiffel Tower in Paris and an outline project to extend it underground.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The Eiffel Tower is situated close to the Seine River in Paris. It is a metal

structure that is 1,063 feet high and weighs 7,417 tonnes. The tower has

been a tourist attraction since 1889, when it was built, and there are 1,665

steps that can be climbed in order to reach the two viewing platforms.

There are now plans to build below the foundations of the tower. These

plans include the development of five underground levels that will

incorporate the tower's ticket office, shopping facilities, a cinema and

museum and two floors of underground parking.

Although details have yet to be finalised, the principle is that the five

floors will be connected by two vertical passenger lifts on either side of the

tower. In addition, the floor immediately below the tower, which is

planned to house the ticket office, will also consist of a large atrium with a

glass ceiling so that visitors can look directly up at the tower itself.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The diagram below gives the information about the Hawaiian island chain in the centre of the Pacific Ocean.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The Hawaiian island chain, in the centre of the Pacific Ocean, is approximately 2,700 km in

length. It is formed of volcanoes and the active ones are at the south- east tip of the

archipelago, where Hawaii itself is located.

It is believed that the chain began to form nearly 80 million years ago. Each island started to

evolve after an eruption on the sea floor. First, a `hot spot' existed on the ocean bed, which let

out a plume of material called magma. This magma may originate as deep as 2,883km below

the ocean bed. Next, further eruptions took place, which built up the volcano. Eventually, it

emerged above the surface of the ocean.

Since that time, the spume of magma has remained static as the Pacific tectonic plate moves

in a north-west direction across it at a speed of 7-9cm per year. As it moves, a volcano forms

as it passes over the hotspot and then become inactive when it has passed it.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The bar chart below shows the results of a survey conducted by a personnel department at a major company. The

survey was carried out on two groups of workers: those aged from 18-30 and those aged 45-60, and shows factors

affecting their work performance.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

You should write at least 150 words.

The bar chart indicates a survey on two different age groups on the factors contributing to

make their environment pleasant for working.

These factors are divided into external and internal factors. The internal factors are team

spirit, competent boss, respect from colleagues and job satisfaction. The external factors are

chance for personal development, job security, promotional prospects and money.

On the internal factors above 50% in both age groups agreed that team spirit, competent boss

and job satisfaction are essential to make their environment pleasant. Whereas on the external

factors, there are contrasting results. On the chance for personal development and

promotional aspects, 80% to 90% of the younger groups were in favor while only less than

50% of the older group thought so. A similar pattern is also noted on job security. With

regards to money, 69% to 70% on both age group said it is essential.

In conclusion, the internal factors have similar responses from the two age groups while they

had dissimilar responses on the external factors.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Family type

Proportion of people from each

household type living in poverty

single aged

person

aged couple

single, no

children

couple, no

children

sole parent

couple with

children

all households

6% (54,000)

4% (48,000)

19% (359,000)

7% (211,000)

21% (232,000)

12% (933,000)

11% (1,837,000)

model answer:

The table gives a breakdown of the different type of family who were living in poverty in

Australia in 1999.

On average, 11% of all households, comprising almost two million people, were in this

position. However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost doubt this

proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively.

Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without

children (7%) than those with children (12%). It is noticeable that for both types of household

with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time.

Older people were generally less likely to be poor, though once again the trend favoured

eldery couples (only 4%) rather than single eldery people (6%).

Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more

likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of couples.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The take below gives information about the underground railway systems in six cities.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

Underground Railways Systems

City

London

Paris

Tokyo

Washington DC

Kyoto

Los Angeles

Date

opened

1863

1900

1927

1976

1981

2001

Kilometres of

route

394

199

155

126

11

28

Passengers per

year

(in millions)

775

1191

1927

144

45

50

model answer:

The table shows the details regarding the underground railway systems in six cities.

London has the oldest underground railway systems among the six cities. It was opened in the

year 1863, and it is already lye years old. Paris is the second oldest, in which it was opened in

the year 1900. This was then followed by the opening of the railway systems in Tokyo,

Washington DC and Kyoto. Los Angeles has the newest underground railway system, and

was only opened in the year 2001. In terms of the size of the railway systems, London, For

certain, has the largest underground railway systems. It has 394 kilometres of route in total,

which is nearly twice as large as the system in Paris. Kyoto, in contrast, has the smallest

system. It only has 11 kilometres of route, which is more than 30 times less than that of

London.

Interestingly, Tokyo, which only has 155 kilometres of route, serves the greatest number of

passengers per year, at 1927 million passengers. The system in Paris has the second greatest

number of passengers, at 1191 million passengers per year. The smallest underground railway

system, Kyoto, serves the smallest number of passengers per year as predicted.

In conclusion, the underground railway systems in different cities vary a lot in the site of the

system, the number of passengers served per year and in the age of the system.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The charts below show the percentage of their food budget the average family spent on restaurant meals in different

years. The graph shows the number of meals eaten in fast food restaurants and sit-down restaurants.

You should write at least 150 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Over the past 30 years, the average family has dramatically increased the number of meals

that they eat at restaurants. The percentage of the family's food budget spent on restaurant

meals steadily climbed. Just 10 percent of the food budget was spent on restaurant meals in

1970, and 15 percent in 1980. That percentage more than doubled in 1990, to 35 percent, and

rose again in 2000 to 50 percent.

Where families eat their restaurant meals also changed during that 30-year period. In 1970,

families ate the same number of meals at fast food and sit-down restaurants. In 1980,

fam?

ilies ate slightly more frequently at sit-down restaurants. However, since 1990, fast food

restaurants serve more meals to the families than do the sit-down restaurants. Most of the

restaurant meals from 2000 were eaten at fast food restaurants. If this pattern continues,

eventually the number of meals that families eat at fast food restaurants could double the

number of meals they eat at sit- down restaurants.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two

possible sites for the supermarket.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

The first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to

the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site is in the countryside and so

would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it accessable to

shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the

railway line linking the who towns to Cransdon (25 km to the south-east), a potentially large

number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train.

In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which would be good for

local residents. Theorically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding

towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable

to park and access would be difficult.

Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon

and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages.

The table below shows CO2 emissions for different forms of transport in the European Union.

The Pie Chart shows the percentage of European Union funds being spent on different forms of transport.

You should write at least 150 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

The chart shows CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre for variuos methods of transport in the

European Union while the pie chart shows European Union spending on transport. Flying by air

produces by far the greatest CO2 emissions, approximately three times as much as passenger cars

which are the next largest producers. Very little is spent by the EU on air travel while roads make up

more than half of the EU transport budget.

Trains produce about three times less CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre than passenger cars and

eight times less than air travel. Nearly a third of EU transport funds are spent on railways.

Ships are a clean form of transport and produce about the same amount of CO2 per passenger

kilometre as trains do. However, only 2 percent of EU funds are spent on ports. A further one percent

is spent on inland waterways.

Coaches are the cleanest form of transport. Emissions of CO2 per passenger kilometre from coaches

are half those of buses. Buses emit less than half as much CO2 per passenger kilometre as cars. The

European Union spends 10 percent of its transport budget on public transport, such as buses and

coaches.

The table below shows the sales at a small restaurant in a downtown business district.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

.

Fulfilling the Work Experience Requirement

Credits will be awarded when the final report is submitted.

Application

Choose potential workplaces from approved list and arrange

interviews. Submit applications to places of interest.

Approval

When acceptance letter is received, submit it

to professor for approval.

Schedule

Arrange schedule to work a minimum of 10

hours/ week over 20 weeks.

Reports

Complete weekly Report Form and submit to

professor every Friday.

Evaluation

During final workweek, participate in evaluation meeting with work

supervisor. Supervisor submits Evaluation Form.

Final Report

Submit Final Report before last week of spring term.

Gaining work experience prior to graduation helps university students to succeed in getting

their first job. For this reason, some universities insist that all students must complete a Work

Experience Requirement. Completing the following six stages results in the requirements’

fulfillment.

The process begins with the Application stage. A student reviews an approved list of

workplaces and submits applications to places where he would like to work. Next is the

Approval stage. When a student receives an acceptance letter, he gives it to the professor for

approval. The third stage, Schedule, requires a student to arrange his work schedule. The

student should work at least 10 hours/week over 20 weeks. Reports are next. The student

must complete a Weekly Report Form and turn it in to the professor every Friday.

The fifth stage, Evaluation, takes place during the final work week. A student participates in

an evaluation meeting with his work supervisor, who submits an Evaluation Form. The last

stage requires that a student submit a Final Report before the last week of spring semester.

By following these stages and subsequently submitting the final report, the student receives

credit from the university.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The table below shows the sales at a small restaurant in a downtown business district.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Sales: week of October 7-13

Lunch

Dinner

Mon.

$$2,400

$$3,623

Tues.

$$2,450

$$3,850

Wed.

$$2,595

$$3,445

Thurs.

$$2,375

$$3,800

Fri.

$$2,500

$$4,350

Sat.

$$1,950

$$2,900

Sun.

$$1,550

$$2,450

model answer:

The sales at this small restaurant during the week of October 7 to 13th followed a fairly set

pattern from Monday to Friday, and then showed notable shift on the weekend. The lunch

and dinner sales during the week peaked on Friday and then dipper down as the weekend set

in.

During the week of October 7-14th, the lunch sales averaged at approximately $$2,400. The

highest lunch sales occurred on Friday, and the lowest occurred on Sunday. Sunday's lunch

sales were approximately $$1,000 less than the average lunch sales during the rest of the week.

Dinner sales, which generated at least $$1,000 to $$1,500 more a day than lunch sales, also

remained steady during the week. Just like the lunch sales, the dinner sales peak on Friday

and dipped down for the weekend.

Excluding Wednesday and Thursday, the lunch and dinner sales from October 7-11 rose

gradually until the end of the business week. Midweek, on Wednesday and Thursday, the

sales were slightly lower than they were on Tuesday.

According to the sales report, this restaurant has a steady lunch and dinner crowd. The most

profitable day during the second week of October was Friday. Sunday, was the least

prof?

itable day, with the full day's sales totaling/totalling less than the Friday dinner sales.

These numbers are reflective of a restaurant that is located in a business/financial district

where business hours are Monday through Friday.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

In June 1996, an experimental flu vaccine was trialled in a large country town on females only.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

model answer:

The diagrams show data for a flu epidemic which hit a large country town in 1996. Figure 1

gives the number of persons who died; Figure 2 shows the percentage breakdown of females

who received a new flu vaccine; and Figure 3 gives the number of cases of flu before and

during the epidemic.

In Figure 1 it can be seen that the flu was responsible for the deaths of 2 females but no males

in the period from March to May. However, from June to August, there were 4 female deaths

and 1 male death.

According to the pie chart in Figure 2, only those females most at risk were given the new flu

vaccine; 28% did not take part in the trial. Of those females who took part, 35% were aged

(over 65 years old); 24% were babies or children; and 13% were either hospitalised or

receiving other medical attention.

From Figure 3 it is clear that the new vaccine had a positive effect on the number of new

cases of flu reported in females. There were just over 1000 cases reported in March, climbing

rapidly to a peak of 3500 in June. Thereafter, the number of cases dropped slowly to about

2800 in August, before levelling off at 2500 for the rest of the year. For males, the figures

were lower but showed a similar trend throughout the epidemic.