-
你有拖延症吗？
By Tim Urban
So
in
college,
I
was
a
government
major,
which
means I had to write a lot of papers.
Now, when
a
normal
student
writes
a
paper,
they
might
spread
the
work
out
a
little
like
this.
So,
you
上大学那会儿，
我是学政务专业的，
意味
着我得写很多论文。
当一名普通的学生写
论文时，
他们也许会像这样，
把任务分摊
开。
所以，你明白
know --
00:26
you get
started maybe a little slowly, but you get
enough
done
in
the
first
week
that,
with
some
heavier
days
later
on,
everything
gets
done,
things stay civil.
00:35
And I
would want to do that like that. That would
be the plan. I would have it all ready
to go, but
then, actually, the paper
would come along, and
then I would kind
of do this.
00:48
And that would happen every single
paper.
00:51
But
then came my 90-page senior thesis, a paper
you're supposed to spend a year on. And
I knew
for
a
paper
like
that,
my
normal
work
flow was
not an option. It was way too
big a project. So I
planned things out,
and I decided I kind of had to
go
something
like
this.
This
is
how
the
year
would go. So I'd start off light, and
I'd bump it up
in
the
middle
months,
and
then
at
the
end,
I
would
kick
it
up
into
high
gear
just
like
a
little
staircase.
How
hard
could
it
be
to
walk
up
the
stairs? No
big deal, right?
01:22
But
then,
the
funniest
thing
happened.
Those
first
few
months?
They
came
and
went,
and
I
couldn't
quite
do
stuff.
So
we
had
an
awesome
new revised plan.
00:26
开始可能有点慢，
但是一个星期过后已经
写了不少，
接下来有时写的更多一些，
最
后一切搞定，事情不会搞砸。
00:35
我也想这样。
至少我的计划是这样。
我准
备好开始，
然而，事实上，到写论文的时
候，
我是这么做的。
00:48
而且每次写论文都这样。
00:51
最后到了写
90
页毕业论文的时候，
本应
该花一年时间去写的论文。
我知道对于这
样一篇论文来说，
我平常的做法行不通。
毕业论文是个大项目。
于是我计划好，
决
定这么去做。
一年的工作就这么安排。
起
初少干点儿，
中间几个月持续干多一点儿，
最后高速档全力以赴
就像小台阶一样。
爬
台阶能有多难？
没什么大不了的，对吧？
01:22
但是接下来，有趣的事发生了。
起初那几
个月？
来了又走，
我基本没干什么。
于
是就有了这个
很棒的修改计划。
01:32
And then --
01:35
But then
those middle months actually went by,
and I didn't really write words, and so
we were
here.
And
then
two
months
turned
into
one
month,
which
turned
into
two
weeks.
And
one
day I woke up with three days until the
deadline,
01:32
再然后
......
01:35
中间几个月竟然就这么过去了，
我基本上
没写几个字，
所以变成了这样。
然后从还
有两个月到还有一个月，
再到只剩两星期。
然后有一天我突然意识到
离截止期只剩三
天了，
而我还一个字都没写呢，
于是我做
still not having written
a word, and so I did the
only
thing
I
could:
I
wrote
90
pages
over
72
hours,
pulling
not
one
but
two
all-nighters
--
humans are not supposed
to pull two all-nighters
-- sprinted
across campus, dove in slow motion,
and
got it in just at the deadline.
02:11
I thought that was the
end of everything. But a
week
later
I
get
a
call,
and
it's
the
school.
And
they say,
And
they
say,
need
to
talk
about
your
thesis.
And
I
say,
And
they
say,
the
best one
we've ever seen.
02:36
That did not happen.
02:40
It was a very, very
bad thesis.
02:45
I just wanted to enjoy that one moment
when all
of you thought,
02:52
No, no, it was very,
very bad. Anyway, today I'm a
writer-
blogger
guy.
I
write
the
blog
Wait
But
Why.
And
a
couple
of
years
ago,
I
decided
to
write
about
procrastination.
My
behavior
has
always perplexed the non-
procrastinators around
me,
and
I
wanted
to
explain
to
the
non-procrastinators of
the world what goes on in
the heads of
procrastinators, and why we are the
way
we
are.
Now,
I
had
a
hypothesis
that
the
了我唯一能做的事：
我花了
72
小时写出
90
页，
通宵整整两天赶工
人不应该连续
熬两个通宵
全速穿过校园，
慢动作潜入，
赶在截止期之前交了论文。
02:11
我以为一切就这么结束了。
结果一个星期
之后我接到一通电话，
是学校打来的。
他
< br>们问：
“你是蒂姆·尔班吗？”
我说，
“没
错”
。
< br>
他们说：
“我们得和你
谈一下论文的
事儿。
”
我回答，
”
好
< br>“
对方接着说
,
这是
我们看过最棒的一篇论文。
“
02:36
那并未发生。
02:40
这篇论文写得非常非常烂。
02:45
我只是想享受一下这个时刻，
当你们全部
以为，
“这家伙太牛了！
“
02:52
不是这样的，那篇论文超级烂。
不管怎么
样，我现在是个博文作者。
我为“打破砂
锅问到底”
写博文。
几年前我决定
写一篇
关于拖延的文章。
我的拖延行为总是让
我
身边那些不拖延的人感到困惑，
所以我想
向不拖延的人解释一下
拖延者脑袋里到底
是怎么想的，
还有为什么我们这些拖延者
会这样。
我的假设是
拖延者的大脑
和不
拖延者的大脑是不同的。
为了证明这一点，
brains
of
procrastinators
were
actually
different
than the brains of
other people. And to test this,
I found
an MRI lab that actually let me scan both
my
brain
and
the
brain
of
a
proven
non-
procrastinator,
so
I
could
compare
them.
I
actually
brought them here to show you today. I
want you to take a look carefully to
see if you can
notice
a
difference.
I
know
that
if
you're
not
a
trained
brain
expert,
it's
not
that
obvious,
but
我找到一个核磁共振实验室
让我可以扫描
自己的大脑
和一个经证实不是拖延者的大
脑，
然后我就可以对比这两种大脑。
今天
我把它们都带来了。
我希望大家能认真比
较
这二者之间是否有什么差别。
我知道大
家
不是受过训练的脑科专家，
看起来可能
不明显，
但是让我们来看一下，
好吗？
这
是一个不拖延者的大脑。
just
take
a
look,
OK?
So
here's
the
brain
of
a
non-procrastinator.
03:45
Now ... here's my
brain.
03:55
There is a difference. Both brains have
a Rational
Decision-Maker in them, but
the procrastinator's
brain
also
has
an
Instant
Gratification
Monkey.
Now,
what
does
this
mean
for
the
procrastinator?
Well,
it
means
everything's
fine
until this happens.
04:09
[This
is
a
perfect
time
to
get
some
work
done.]
[Nope!]
04:12
So
the
Rational
Decision-Maker
will
make
the
rational
decision
to
do
something
productive,
but
the
Monkey
doesn't
like
that
plan,
so
he
actually takes the wheel, and he says,
let's read the entire Wikipedia page of
the Nancy
Kerrigan/
Tonya
Harding
scandal,
because
I
just
remembered that that happened.
04:28
Then --
04:30
(Laughter)
03:45
现在，
这是我的大脑。
03:55
这二者之间有一个区别。
两种大脑里头
都
有一个理性的决策制定者，
但是拖延者的
大脑里，
还有一只叫即时满足的猴子。
对
拖延者来说这意味着什么呢？
它意味着在
这件事
发生之前一切都挺好的。
04:09
[
现在是开始干活的最佳时机
.]
[
才不是呢
!]
04:12
于是当理性的决策制定者
做出理性的决
策，
想做一些富有成效的事时，
猴子不想
这么做，
于是他开始掌控方向盘，
而且他
说：
“实际上，
让我们来读一下维基百科上
关于
南茜·克里根
/
汤妮·雅哈丁
的丑闻
案吧，
因为我刚想起来这件事。
04:28
然后
04:30
（笑声）
04:31
Then we're going to go over to the
fridge, to see
if there's anything new
in there since 10 minutes
ago. After
that, we're going to go on a YouTube
spiral that starts with videos of
Richard Feynman
talking
about
magnets
and
ends
much,
much
later
with
us
watching
interviews
with
Justin
04:31
然后让我们走到冰箱，
翻翻看这
10
分钟
以来
有没什么新东西。
之后，
让我们继续
在视频网站上浏览，
从理查德·
费曼
谈磁
性的视频开始看，
一直看到
对贾斯汀·
比
伯老妈的采访
看到地老天荒。
Bieber's mom.
04:49
going
to
really
have
room
on
the
schedule
for
any
work today. Sorry!
04:55
(Sigh)
04:58
Now,
what
is
going
on
here?
The
Instant
Gratification
Monkey
does
not
seem
like
a
guy
you
want
behind
the wheel.
He
lives
entirely
in
the present moment. He has no memory of
the
past,
no
knowledge
of
the
future,
and
he
only
cares about two things:
easy and fun.
05:16
Now,
in
the
animal
world,
that
works
fine.
If
you're a
dog and you spend your whole life doing
nothing other than easy and fun things,
you're a
huge success!
05:25
(Laughter)
05:27
And
to
the
Monkey,
humans
are
just
another
animal
species.
You
have
to
keep
well-
slept,
well-fed
and
propagating
into
the
next
generation,
which
in
tribal
times
might
have
worked
OK.
But,
if
you
haven't
noticed,
now
we're
not
in
tribal
times.
We're
in
an
advanced
civilization, and
the Monkey does not know what
that is.
Which is why we have another guy in our
brain, the Rational Decision-Maker, who
gives us
the ability to do things no
other animal can do.
We can visualize
the future. We can see the big
04:49
“这一切都花时间
,
所以我们今天的日程
安排
没办法抽空干活。
很抱歉！
“
04:55
（叹气）
04:58
这是怎么回事呢？
即时满足猴子似乎不是
那个
你想让他操控方向盘的人。
他完全活
在当下。
他没有过去的记忆，
没有对未来
的认识，
他只关心两件事：
简单和快乐。
05:16
在动物世界里，这样没问题。
如果你是一
条狗，
你简单、
快乐地度过这一生，
就已
经是巨大的成功！
05:25
（笑声）
05:27
而对于猴子来说，
人类是另外一种动物。
你睡好、吃饱、繁殖下一代，
这么做在部
落时代或许没问题。
但是，假如你还没注
意到，
我们现在不是生活在部落时代。
我
们处于一个先进的文明，
而猴子根本不懂
那是什么。
这就是为什么我们脑袋里还有
另外一个家伙，
理性的决策制定者，
他让
我们有能力去做
其他动物无法做到的事
情。
我们可以预见未来。
我们可以顾全大
局。
我们可以做长期打算。
而且他想把这
些都考虑进去。
他想让我们做
任何值得现