(完整word版)HND商务文化与策略

Assessment task 1

Outcome covered

All outcomes (1-5)

Section 1:

(a).

The PESTEL analysis heading are a framework in which environmental influence are

categorized

into

six

main

types:

political,

economic,

socio-cultural,

technological,,

environmental and legal.

1.

P: political forces, as the political arena has a huge influence upon the regulation

of business and the spending of consumers and other businesses. The political is

including

government

stability,

taxation

policy,

social

welfare

policies

and

the

trade regulations.

In our case of J D Wetherspoon plc, the Monopolies and Mergers Commission take a

ruling about broken the ‘tied house’ system, this ruling limited the brewer selling the

beer and brewing the beer at same time. And the

government pays attention for the

disadvantage.

2.

E:

economic

forces,

as

the

state

of

a

trading

economy

in

the

short-term

and

long-term influence the wealth of a population. The economic is including interest

rates, inflation, and disposable income and product seasonality and so on.

About the J D Wetherspoon plc, in the start of twenty first century, J D Wetherspoon

was facing much more competition. The retail licensing marking had adapted to the

changes in the ‘tied house’ system and other retail pub chains like Regent

Inns an

d

Punch

Taverns

had

been

developing

their

businesses.

And

the

supermarket

began

selling drinks also have influence on the company.

3.

S: socio- cultural forces. Such as religion and demographics impact upon product

design

and

spending

by

consumers.

It

includes

lifestyle

trends,

education

level,

population demographics and social responsbility

In the case, people more and more carefully to take attention on their health, so they

began to reduce the wine drinking. Then J D Wetherspon plc develops a kind of low

ethanol wine.

4.

T:

technological

forces,

such

as

information

technology

influences

production

methods,

and

transportation

influences

market

penetration

and

product

costs.

It

will include speed of introduction of new technologies, innovations/developments

and consumer buying options and so on.

In the case, with the technological develop, the beer can be bottled and selling in the

market.

Because

of

this,

people

isn’t

need

to

drink

beer

only

in

the

pubs.

This

can

decrease the sell share of the J D Wetherspoon.

5.

L:

legal

forces,

such

as

product

safety

influences

design,

and

trading

practices

influence how businesses conduct

themselves in

the market.

It

may include like

1

employment law, healthy and safety, company law and consumer protection and

so on.

In

the

case,

the

government

issued

policies

to

limit

the

wine

drinking,

and

the

Monopolies

and

Mergers

Commission

take

a

ruling

about

broken

the

‘tied

house’

system, this ruling limited the brewer selling the beer and brewing the beer at same

time. All of these legal force could have influence on J D Wetherspoon.

(b).

The

analysis

of

the

organization’s

internal

and

external

strategic

environment

is

referred

to

as

a

SWOT

analysis

.

SWOT

is

an

acronym

for

strengths,

weakness

,

opportunities and threats. The SWOT analysis is a very popular tool with managers

because it is quick and easy to learn.

SWOT analysis for J D Wetherspon

Internal

External

Strength:

1.

Staff.

2.

Good

service

and

environment.

Opportunities:

1.

Different pub brand.

2.

Developing budget hotel.

Weaknesses:

1.

Food.

2.

Service for children.

Threats:

1. Other pubs compete.

2. Government policy.

S:

in the case, J D Wetherspoon claimed that people are its best asset. 20% of senior

managers began as bar staff or cleaners. The company provide lifelong training and

adopt he staff suggestion, and communicate with them, J D Wetherspoon provide

quiet environment and the service are always satisfied the consumer demand, all of

these can protect the company develop well.

W:

the

food

in

pubs

of

J

D

Wetherspoon,

it

supports

complimentary

crisps

with

baguettes, this kind is bad for customers’ health and it didn’t distinguish the hot

degree, this might cause customer’s discontented for the J D Wetherspoon. It also

doesn’t have children’s meals. This will let the customers of adult

unconvenient,

and it may because the children are hurt. All of these can loss the customers.

O:

J

D

Wetherspoon

is

managing

he

pub

style

as

‘quiet’.

But

now,

it

acquired

the

Lloyds pub chain, J D Wetherspoon develop it as another style. This kind of pub’s

music

dazed

outlets

with

a

much

stronger

entertainment

element

and

show

TV

programs,

this

can

attract

much

more

customers.

The

company

also

begun

developing budget hotel, this can develop another market and increase the profit

of J D Wetherspoon.

T:

J D Wetherspoon faced many computers, like Regent Inns, Punch Taverns and the

supermarket.

They

will

strive

the

share

of

market

and

the

customer.

The

government policy also influences it. Like the limit of brewing and drink beer in

the century of the city, this also can decrease the share of J D Wetherspoon.

(c).

Through a SWOT analysis an organization can assess its current position and make

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comparisons with competitors in order to plan activities and resources appropriately.

It

is

the

first

stage

of

planning

and

helps

managers

to

focus

on

key

issues.

It

is

important remember when carrying out a SWOT analysis that it is not absolute.

Simple rules for successful SWOT analysis like next:

?

Be realistic about the strengths and weaknesses of the organization.

?

Analysis should distinguish between where your organization is today, and where

be in the future.

?

Be specific. Avoid grey areas.

?

Always analysis in relation to the competition.

?

Keep your SWOT short and simple. Avoid complexity and over-analysis.

SWOT analysis is

a kind of subjective and short term in its nature, so it can’t use to

analysis long-term situation.

For example, when you analysis the opportunities, you can think about: where are the

good opportunities available to our organization

？

Section 2:

(a).

1.

Organizational culture is difficult to define precisely. A simple description is that it

is a system of shared meaning between members of an organization or ‘the way we do

things here’. It acts as the social glue which holds the organization together.

Research

shows that the culture of an organization can significantly affect the way in which the

company

operates,

particularly

in

terms

of

its

effectiveness.

Shared

values

become

embodied in the organization’s ideology or philosophy and act as a quite to behav

ior

and ways of dealing with anxiety.

In

J

D

Wetherspoon

pubs,

it

says

that

people

are

its

best

asset.

The

company

is

satisfied the staff, so this is its organizational culture. It has a flexible training policy

which enables people from all kinds of different backgrounds to join the company. It

is

committed

to

lifelong

training

and

it

provides

staff

with

opportunities

to

gain

relevant

qualifications

such

as

those

offered

by

the

British

Institute

of

Innkeeping,

20% of senior managers began as bar staff or cleaners.

2.

Basic assumptions at a very fundamental, almost subconscious, level tell

employees

how

to

perceive,

think

and

feel

about

things.

These

are

the

elements

of

culture

are

unseen

and

not

openly

identified

in

the

day-to-day

interactions

of

the

member

s of the organization. Culture elements at this level exist as ‘unspoken rules’

and

are

rarely

discussed

within

the

organization.

They

direct

the

way

events

and

actions are perceived and interpreted by the organization.

In the case, J D Wetherspoon create

a quarter of the space in

each establishment

is

non-smoking.

(b).

A

kind

of

recognized

model

of

organizational

culture

is

Terrence

Deal

and

Allan

Kennedy. It is based on how quickly organizations receive or strategies and the level

of risk that they take. Deal and Kennedy stated that these two factors gave rise to four

generic types of cultures, which they called tough guy/macho culture, work hard/play

hard culture, bet-the-company culture and process culture. Through the case, we can

3

know Tim Martin is a

‘big man’ in his company; he manages the company with his

mind

and

idea,

it

company

is

include

by

the

food

industry,

all

the

staff

work

hard

every day, and then they will have a holiday for several days. So J D Wetherspoon is

suit the tough work hard/pay hard culture.

The work hard/pay hard

culture’s core value is

keeping good customer service. In the

case,

the company has a ‘lifestyle guarantee’ which aims to give managers time for a

life outside work. Another key aspect of the

company’s operation is ‘invo

lvement and

communication’.

Staffs

are

kept

in

touch

with

weekly

newsletters,

a

monthly

company

video

and

by

publicizing

the

minutes

of

Board

meetings.

The

company

always

pays

highly

attention

to

the

staff

and

the

customers,

and

the

information’s

high-speed recreation, and the company also does these suggestions quickly.

(c).

Culture is something every organization has, but it is not a concrete entity. The culture

of

an

organization

impacts

upon

how

that

organization

reacts

to

change

and

it

also

explains what an organizations stands for. Organizational culture is difficult to define

precisely.

A

simple

description

is

that

it

is

a

system

of

shared

meaning

between

members

of

an

organization

or

‘the

way

we

do

things

here’.

The

founders

of

the

organization have

traditionally had a major impact on the organization’s early culture.

Through the culture and the behaviors, in the company, the company built the pubs

environment very quiet and let its staff work hard in several days and have a holiday

in several days.

So, a kind of culture will have a kind of behavior.

(d).

The

other

type

of

Terrence

Deal

and

Allan

Kennedy

of

recognized

model

of

organizational culture is process culture, it is focus on details and process excellence.

However, the stress may come from internal politics and stupidity of the system. This

kind

of

culture

has

slow

feedback/reward

and

low

risk.

As

a

food

industry,

it

pays

attention on the result about the customers satisfied. So it isn’t paying much attention

on the details

and process.

If the

company becomes the process

culture, it will

bog

down with how things are done and not with what is to be achieved.

Section 3:

(a)

In

the

Generic- Strategies---Michael

Porter

(1990),

there

are

three

strategies:

cost

leadership, differentiation and segmentation, niche or focus strategy.

1.

Cost leadership is a low cost leader--- gain competitive advantage from being able

to

produce

at

the

lowest

cost---

‘cost

advantage

is

the

focuses’,

the

low

cost

doesn’t

mean

low

price

---gain

the

benefits.

It

in

a

broad

market

scope

environment where it has a kind of substitute products and power competition.

2.

Differentiation is differentiated goods and services satisfy the needs of customers,

and the companies can de-sensitize prices and focuses on value-higher price and a

better

margin.

So

it

needs

to

incur

additional

costs

in

creating

its

competitive

advantage.

It

in

a

broad

market

scope

environment

is

in

that

the

customers’

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