可锐考研英语(二)2018年入学测试题

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2 018

年可锐学员英语（二）入学测试题

（请于

60

分钟内完成）

测试日期

:

姓名

:

四、六级成绩

:

试卷分数

:

I

．

Reading Comprehension

A

：

Answer the questions below by choosing A, B, C or D. (10points)

Now

custom

has

not

been

commonly

regarded

as

a

subject

of

any

great

importance.

The

inner

workings

of

our

own

brains

we

feel

to

be

uniquely

worthy

of

investigation,

but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a

matter

of

fact,

it

is

the

other

way

around.

Traditional

custom,

taken

the

world

over,

is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever

evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter.

The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in

experience and in belief and the very great varieties it may manifest.

No

man

ever

looks

at

the

world

with

pristi ne

（未受外界影响的）

eyes.

He

sees

it edited by a definite set of customs and institutions and ways of thinking. Even

in

his

philosophical

probings

he

cannot

go

behind

these

stereotypes

（固定的模式）

;

his very concepts of the true and the false will still have reference to his

particular

traditional

customs.

John

Dewey

has

said

in

all

seriousness

that

the

part

played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual as over against any way

in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total

vocabulary of his mother tongue over against those words of his own baby talk that

are

taken

up

into

the

language

of

his

family.

When

one

seriously

studies

social

orders

1

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that

have

had

the

opportunity

to

develop

independently,

the

figure

（这种比喻）

becomes

no more than an exact and matter-of- fact observation. The life history of the

individual is first and foremost an adjustment to the patterns and standards

traditionally

handed

down

in

his

community.

From

the

moment

of

his

birth

the

customs

into which he is born shape his experience and behavior. By the time he can talk,

he is the little creature of his culture, and by the time he is grown and able to

take part in its activities, its habits are his habits, its beliefs his beliefs,

its impossibilities his impossibilities.

1.

The author thinks the reason why

custom has

been ignored in the academic world

is that _________.

A) custom reveals only the superficial nature of human behavior

B) the study of social order s can replace the study of custom

C) people are still not aware of the important role that custom plays in forming

our world outlook

D)custom ahs little to do with our ways of thinking

2.

Which of the following is true according to John Dewey?

A)

An

individual

can

exercise

very

little

influence

on

the

cultural

tradition

into

which he is born.

B)

Custom

is

the

direct

result

of

the

philosophical

probings

of

a

group

of

people.

C)

An

individual

is

strongly

influenced

by

the

cultural

tradition

even

before

he

is born.

D) Custom represents the collective wisdom which benefits the individual.

3.

The word

“

custom< /p>

”

in this passage most probably means _______.

A) the concept of the true and the false of a society

B) the independently developed social orders

C) the adjustment of the individual to the new social environment

D) the patterns and standards of behavior of community

2

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4.

According

to

the

passage,

a

person's

life,

from

his

birth

to

his

death,

________.

A) is constantly shaping the cultural traditions of his people

B) is predominated by traditional custom

C) is continually influenced by the habits of other communities

D) is continually influenced by the people around him

5.

The author

’

s purpose in wring this passage is _________.

A) to urge individuals to follow traditional customs

B) to stress the strong influence of customs on an individual

C) to examine the interaction of man and social customs

D) to show man

’

s adjustment to traditional customs

B. Translate the paragraph into Chinese (20 points)

The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The

more developed a legal system becomes; the more society takes responsibility for

the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies

the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may

have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon

the

person

who

committed

the

offense.

But

in

legal

systems,

the

responsibility

for

revenge

becomes

depersonalized

and

diffused.

The

society

assumes

the

responsibility

for

protecting

individuals

from

violence.

In

cases

where

they

cannot

be

protected,

the

society

is

responsible

for

imposing

punishment.

In

a

sate

controlled

legal

system,

individuals are removed from the cycles of revenge motivated by acts of violence,

and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.

6. __________________________________________________ _______________________

________________ __________________________________________________ _____________

__________________________ __________________________________________________ ___

3

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II

．

Writing

Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should

1)

describe

the

drawing,

2)

interpret

its

implications,

3)

give

your

comments.

You should write about 100 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

7._________________ __________________________________________________ ______

_________________________________ ______________________________________________