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（英语）英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
They say that an apple a day keeps
the doctor away. Well, there is one lady who
believes that
it's actually chocolate.
At 102 years of age, she's living
proof.
According to
Boonville, Indiana's Eunice Modlin, a daily dose
of chocolate has been the key to a
long
and healthy life. Specifically, two pieces of dark
chocolate. It's not just Eunice who believes
this.
Many
scientists have attributed the sweet to health
benefits such as lower chances of cancer,
cardiovascular disease, and
diabetes.
However,
researchers
believe
that
Eunice
might
be
overlooking
the
fact
that
she
has
never
smoked
or drunk alcohol in her long life, and that
chocolate might not be the significant cause of
her longevity.
Vanessa Rissetto said.
At
any
rate,
Eunice
is
still
alive
and
kicking.
With
four
children,
seven
grandkids,
14
great-
grandkids and 11
great-great grandkids, this lady has a big
family.
It must be noted
that Eunice was also very athletic, being an
archer in her 20s .Amazingly, she
has
lived through tough times such as the Great
Depression and World War II .Also, the healthy
blood runs through the veins of other
family members. Eunice's brother is also still
alive, at 101
years of age.
No matter what you might think,
Eunice's consumption of chocolate can't be
ignored. In 2015,
a BMJ study showed
that a daily treat of one small bar would give the
consumer 23% less chance
of having a
stroke (
中风
).
What
is
in
the
sweet
that
makes
it
so
beneficial?
Apparently,
cocoa
beans
have
flavonoids,
plant nutrients
that have useful antioxidants
(
抗氧化剂
).
milk chocolate, and
white chocolate
—
which does
not actually contain
chocolate
—
is not a good
source of flavonoids.
（
1
）
According
to the article, which of the following lead to
Eunice Modlin's long and healthy
life?
a. two
pieces of dark chocolate
b.
genes
c. lifelong
exercise
d. good
diet
e. love of her large
family
A. a, b, d
B. b, c, d C. a,
b, e D. a, c,
d
（
2
）<
/p>
Rissetto thinks that .
A. chocolate
is
the
most
important
thing
that
affects
Eunice's
health
B. no
smoking
or
drinking contributes the most to
Eunice's longevity
C.
chocolate
really
has
nothing
to
do
with
her
long
and
healthy
life
D. Eunice's
good
diet
doesn't only mean
taking chocolate every day
（
3
）
What the author
presented in the passage sounds .
A. persuasive
B. objective C.
subjective D.
critical
（
4
）
From the whole passage we can
conclude that______________.
A. there's universal proof
for what contributes to a long life
B. it is generally accepted that
chocolate is the key to
longevity
C. many factors
may contribute to people's good health
D. a bit of any chocolate a day keeps
the doctor away
【
答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）<
/p>
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，美国印第安纳女性
Eunice
Modlin
现在已经
102
岁的
了，她
认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康产
生影响
的原因。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第五段
“‘There
are
so
many
o
ther
factors
to
her
long
life
and
chocolate isn't the only one,’
nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. ‘Genes, her
diet in general…are
probably
the
main
reasons.
’”
可知研究人员认为
Eunice
Modlin
长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮
食以及巧克力都起了
作用。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段
“ ‘Not all chocolate is created equal,’ Rissetto
warns. ‘Dark
chocolate
has
more
flavonoids
than
milk
chocolate,
and
white
chocolate
—
which
does
not
actually
contain chocolate
—is not a good source
of flavonoids.’”
可知
Rissetto
认为只有黑巧克
力才黄酮，而黄酮是抗氧化剂的很好的来源。
Eunice
的饮食不仅仅意味着吃巧克力，而要
吃黑巧克力。故选
D
。
（
3
）考查态度观点。本文是一篇说明文，美国
印第安纳女性
Eunice
Modlin
现在已经
102
岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧
克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健
康的影响。文章中作者只是客观陈述事实，
并没有发表个人观点，所以作者持客观的态
度。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第五段
“‘There
are
so
many
other
factors
to
her
long
life
and
chocolate isn't the only
one,’ nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. ‘Genes,
her diet in general…are
probably
the
main
reasons.
’”
可知研究人员认为
Eunice
Modlin
长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮
食以及巧克力都起了
作用。同样人们的健康是受到不同因素的影响的，故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的
考查，是一篇生活类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，
概括归纳，从而选出正
确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
The other day I was
shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There
was a line at the fish
counter,
but
only
one
staff
person
was
there
to
take
care
of
the
customers.
Some
customers
ordered quite an
amount of fish for that staff person to work on.
At last I was the second in line.
All I
wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of
there in no time.
Noticing
it
was
very
busy
at
the
fish
counter,
another
staff
person
came
over
to
help.
I was
ready to be served, but the staff
person went to the end of the line and began to
help a couple of
ladies with snail
(
蜗牛
). The customers in front
of me, being served, turned around and looked at
me
sympathetically
and
the
customer
behind
me
called
to
the
staff
person,
“You
should
start
here,” pointing at me. He was, well,
ignore
d.
If
someone asked me,
without hesitation.
find people waiting in a line quietly
to get anything: whether in the supermarkets,
department
stores, bus stops, or gas
stations, it's just a matter of waiting your turn.
In a larger sense,
your
turn
—
it is a very basic
rule that reflects the fundamental
value of the western cultures. But in
some situations your turn does not always come
based on
when you get there and how
long you have waited in line, just like my case at
the store. Even
though this did not
often happen, it did make me feel
upset.
（
1
< br>）
What happened to the author at the
store?
was ill-
treated by a customer.
wasn't served upon his order.
was asked to be served
later.
was asked to do
others a favor.
（
2
）
What does the underlined
word
belief.
culture.
experience.
rule.
（
3
）
Why
did the author write the text?
emphasize his kindness to
others.
introduce some
western cultures to us.
express his belief and his feeling.
show his disbelief in Queuing
Rule.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
< br>
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排队很久，受到不公平待遇
的经历，借此表现了西方文化的特点
——
要遵守次序，同时也表明了作者的感受和建议。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“I was ready to be
served, but the staff person went to
the end of the line and began to help a
couple of ladies with snail (
蜗牛
< br>).”
可知，我准备好了接
受服务，但服务员走到了队尾
给几个想买蜗牛的
女士提供了服务，因此轮到作者的次序
时，作者并没有得到服务。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查代词指代。根据最后一段中的
“But
in
some
situations
your
turn
does
not
always
come based on when
you get there and how long you have waited in
line, just like my case at the
store.”<
/p>
可知，在某些情况下，是否能轮到你的次序并不取决于你几点到这里、排了多久的
队，就像作者的情况一样，因此
“this”
指
代的是作者的亲身经历。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排了很久队却受到不公
平待遇的经
历。再根据最后一段中的
“Even though this did not
often happen, it did make me
feel
upset.”
可知，作者认为这种经历并不经常发生，但仍使作者感到比
较失望，表达了作
者的想法和感受。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节
理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节
信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出
正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
Osaka,
Japan
—
Defending
champions
China
lifted
the
FIVB
Women's
Volleyball
World
Cup
trophy(
奖杯
)with
perfect 11 straight wins after easing past
Argentina 3-0 here on Sunday. With
their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB
Volleyball Women's World Cup, China won the FIVB
Women's
Volleyball World
Cup.
This year, the
World Cup has been played across different cities,
and Team China had training
sessions
even
on
traveling
days
when
some
participating
teams
chose
to
rest
up
after
a
tiring
flight.
Coach
Lang
focuses
on
details
of
the
technique
in
the
training
sessions,
and
I
feel
our
team has become more
balanced.
managed to turn the table
against the United States at the World Cup. Never
quit, especially in
adversity. That's
what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball
means.
When the team
struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever
was needed to carry the team
forward.
That's why she has become a national volleyball
icon, just like
for Lang, she took over
the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who
was behind China's rise
in the
beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and
spiker(
主攻手
) Lang to spiker
Zhu, the flag
bearers
may
have
changed over
time,
but
the
craving
for
championships
and
the
steely
desire
and determination remain the
same.
Volleyball is a
team sport and behind the on-court team there is
always a supportive coaching
team and
staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering
responsibilities as both vice director of
China's Volleyball Management Center
and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating
between
coaches
and
players,
Chinese
coaches
and
foreign
coaches
and
sometimes
within
Chinese
coaches, she also has to do chores.
During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi
headed for the
arena
（竞技场）
at 6am
every day to film the matches and would return to
the Olympic Village
at 2am when he
would start analyzing China's opponents and file
reports. There are many Lais
and
Yuans
that
are
not
known
by
the
public,
but
who
remain
indispensable
for
the
team
to
overcome difficulties and reach their
peak.
（
1
）
What does the spirit of Chinese
women's volleyball mean according to paragraph 2?
a special team.
ng to the end.
g
every game.
ng hard every
day.
（
2
）
Why
does Zhu Ting become a national volleyball icon?
wins many awards in the
World Cup.
keeps strong
desire and determination.
takes lots of training after the tiring
flight.
does almost
everything to help the team forward.
（
3
）
What
does the author intend to convey in the last
paragraph?
work
is vital in volleyball matches.
coach has a great influence on
players.
staff behind the
on-court team is also essential.
tanding opponents is necessary to win
the game.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，卫冕冠军中国队以
3:0
战胜阿根廷队
,
以
11
连胜
夺得了国际排联女子排球世界杯奖杯。永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。
（
1
）考查
细节理解。根据第而段中的
“Never
quit,
especially
in
adversity.
That's
what
the
spirit
of
Chinese
women's
volleyball
means”
可知，中国女排精神的含义是：永不放弃，尤其
是在逆境中。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第三段中的
“When the team struggled,
Zhu was always there, doing
whatever
was needed to carry the team forward. That's why
she has become a national volleyball
ic
on”
可知，队长朱婷成为排球偶像是因为当球队拼搏时，朱婷总是跟他们站在一起，并
且
做一切事情来带领球队前进。故选
D
。
（
3<
/p>
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“Volleyball
is
a
team
sport
and
behind
the
on
-court
team,
there
is
always
a
supportive
coaching
team
and
staff”
和最后一段中的
“There
are
many
Lais and Yuans that are
not known by the public, but who remain
indispensable for the team to
overcome
difficulties
and
reach
their
peak.
”
可知，作者认为排球是一项团队运动。在场上球
队的背后，还
有支持他们的教练团队和员工。作者举出两名助理教练赖亚文、袁灵犀的例
子，说明有很
多像他们这样的人，是球队克服困难和达到顶峰所不可缺少的。故选
C
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及细
节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要
准确捕捉细节信息，并根
据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
Money is the root of all evil
(
邪恶
) and new study claims
there may be some truth behind the
saying. Scientists at the University of
California Berkeley, US, announced on February 27
that rich
people
are
more
likely
to
do
immoral
things,
such
as
lie
or
cheat,
than
poorer
people.
The
scientists
did
a
series
of
eight
experiments.
They
published
their
findings
online
in
the
Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences
(PNA
《美国国家科学院院刊》
).
They carried out the first two
experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They
noted that
drivers of newer and more
expensive cars were more likely to cut off other
cars and pedestrians
at crosswalks.
Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive ears
ignored a pedestrian compared
with only
30 percent of people driving mow modest
cars.
In another
experiment, a group of college students was asked
if they would do immoral things
in
various everyday situations. Examples included
taking printer paper from work and not telling a
salesperson when he or she gave back
more change. Students from higher
—
class families were
more likely to act
dishonestly.
According
to the scientists, rich people often think money
can get them out of trouble. This
makes
them less afraid to take risks. It also means they
care less about other people's
feelings.
Finally, it just makes them greedier.
“Higher wealth status seems to make you want even
more,
and
that
increased
want
leads
you
to
bend
the
rules
or
break
the
rules
to
serve
your
self-
i
nterest,” said Paul Piff,
lead scientist of the study.
Piff pointed out that the findings
don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy
or all poor
people
honest.
He
said
the
experiments
were
to
show
how
people
living
in
different
social
situations express their
instincts
（本能）
and values in
different ways.
（
1
）
By
saying “money is the root of all evil”, the author
wants to
.
A. link wealth with bad behavior
B. draw readers' attention to the
research
C. show how the
saying proves the findings
D.
defend rich people who do immoral
things
（
2
< br>）
According to the scientists, which
is NOT the factor that makes rich people immoral?
A. They welcome risks.
B. They have more desires.
C. They believe money talks.
D. They become more selfish.
（
3
）
Why
did the scientists do the experiments?
A. To
show
how
social
status
affects
people's
morality.
B. To
show
people's
instincts
and
values in different ways.
C.
To test whether the
saying “money is the root of all evil” is
true.
D. To show the
difference
between higher - class
people and lower - class people.
（
4
）
What does
the passage really want to show us?
A. The poor are
respectable. B.
Money is the root of all evil.
C. All rich people are untrustworthy.
D. The rich are more likely to act
badly.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，作者主要通过展示几个实验的结果，旨在证明
金钱
是一切罪恶的根源
这一说法可能是有一定道理的。
(1)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中
的
“new
study
claims
there
may
be
some
truth
behind
the
saying…that rich people are more likely
to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than
poorer
people.”
可知，用这个俗语
“
金钱是万恶之源
”
来引
出本文的话题
——
富人们是否比穷人们更
加有可能做不道德的事情，通过一些实验来证实，让读者们看到这一研究，目的是吸引读
者对这个研究的注意，故选
B
。
<
/p>
(2)
考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的
“According
to
the
scientists,
rich
people
often
think
money can get them out
of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take
risks. It also means they
care less
about other people's feelings.”
按照科学家的研究
，富人们通常认为钱可以解决一切
麻烦，所以他们更不害怕冒险，也意味着他们更少在乎
其他人的感受，可知，他们喜欢冒
险并不是让他们不道德的因素，而且从常识来说，并不
是所有喜欢冒险的人就是富人，而
且喜欢冒险也不代表不道德，故选
A
。
(3)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“He said the
experiments were to show how people living
in different social situations express
their instincts(
本能
) and
values
in different ways.”
可知
，实
验的目的是展示生活在不同的社会状况下的人们如何以不同的方式来表达他们的本能
和价
值观。故选
A
。
< br>
(4)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Piff pointed out that the findings don't
mean that all rich
people are
untrustworthy or all poor people honest.”
可知，并不是所有的富人都是不值得信任
的，也并不是所有的穷人都是诚实的，故<
/p>
A
，
C
都错误；
B
项
“
金钱是
万恶之源
”
这只是一个
引子，并不是文
章要告诉我们的；根据文章第一段科学家发表的声明可知，富人们更加有
可能不道德，也
就是行为上更糟糕，恶劣。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下
文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
Apple announced its new iPhones
last week, but competitors' mobile phones can do
many of
the same things for less
money.
The new iPhone 8
and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass
screen and double cameras.
But all of
these features are already available in smart
phones from China's Huawei and Oppo,
and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks
buyers to pay $$1,000 for its high-end model, some
Asian
phone makers can offer similar
features for less.
At
one time, Chinese manufacturers copied features
and designs from others to produce
low-
cost phones. But they have now
added high-end features to their phones and they
control nearly
half the global mobile
phone market.
Media
MarktSaturn
is
Europe's
biggest
electronics
seller.
A
spokesperson
for
the
store
told
Reuters
that,“Huawei
is
seen
as
a
relevant
competitor
to
Apple
and
Samsung
by
covering
all
major price points and placing big
investments in marketing and sales. '' She also
said that the
Chinese
companies
Huawei,
ZTE,
Lenovo
and
TCL
were
among
the
top-10
best-
selling
smart
phones in its
stores.
Chinese
manufacturers'
fast
growth
has
been
fueled
by
strong
sales
in
China.
But
they
now
export 40 percent of
their smart phones. That is almost double the
number from just three years
ago,
according to the Hong Kong investment company
CLSA.
Huawei
is
currently
the
world's
third
largest
phone
maker
behind
Samsung
and
Apple.
According to research
company Canalys, the Chinese company is getting
closer to second-place
Apple and might
overtake it later this Chinese company even made
fun of Apple's new
facial recognition
feature with a Facebook video called
top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct.
16. The phone will have artificial intelligence
features such
as
instant
translation
and
image
recognition
and
will
cost
less
than
$$1,000.
Other
Chinese
companies are looking to enter the
high-end smart phone market.
（
1
）
What is the
text mainly about?
A. Smart phone's manufacturers.
B. Apple smart phone's
features.
C. Asian phone
makers' fast growth.
D. Competition among Asian phone
makers.
（
2
）
Which is NOT among the top 3 phone
makers in the world?
A. TCL.
B. Samsung.
C. Apple.
D. Huawei.
（
3
）
What do we know from
the text?
A.
Huewei will have overtaken Apple by later 2017.
B. Chinese makers' phones with high-end
features cost less.
C. The top-10 smart phones are to enter
the high-end competition.
D. 40
percent of Asian
smart phones are
exported now.
（
4<
/p>
）
What is the writer's
attitude towards Asian phone makers?
A. Doubtful.
B. Concerned. C. Optimistic.
D. Uncertain.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，苹果新机
“
遇冷
”
< br>，国产手机
“
争霸
”,
亚洲手机制造商
快速发展逼近苹果公司。
<
/p>
（
1
）考查主旨大意。根据第二段
“Th
e
new
iPhone
8
and
X
have
wireless
charging,
edge-
to-
edge
glass
screen
and
double
cameras.
But
all
of
these
features
are
already
available
in
smart
phones
from
China's Huawei
and
Oppo, and
Korea's
Samsung.
While Apple
asks buyers
to
pay
$$1,000 for its
high-
end model, some Asian phone makers
can offer similar features for
less.”
新款
iPhone
8
和
X
拥有
无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、
OPPO
和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出
1000<
/p>
美元的售价时，
一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能
。可以推断出本文主要讲述了亚洲手机
制造商之间的竞争。故选
D
。
（
2<
/p>
）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的
“Huawei
is
currently
th
e
world's
third
largest
phone
maker behind Samsung
and Apple. According to research company Canalys,
the Chinese company
is getting closer
to second-
place Apple and might
overtake it later this year.”
可知华为目前是全
球第三大手机厂商，位居三星和苹果之后。故选
A
< br>。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第二段
“The
new
iPhone
8
and
X
have
wireless
charging,
edge-
to-
edge
glass
screen
and
double
cameras.
But
all
of
these
features
are
already
available
in
smart
phones
from
China's Huawei
and
Oppo, and
Korea's
Samsung.
While Apple
asks buyers
to
pay
$$1,000 for its high-end
m
odel, some Asian phone makers can
offer similar features for less.
”
新款
iPhone
8
和
X
拥有
无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、
OPPO
和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出
1000<
/p>
美元的售价时，
一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能
。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“The Chinese company even made fun of Apple's new
facial recognition feature with a
Facebook video called
top-of-the-line
Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have
artificial intelligence features such
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