-
现代大学英语精读
(
第二版
)
第二册课后练习答案
参考答案（
Unit
1
—
8
）
Unit One
Key to Exercise
Preview:
1 True or false
1F 2T 3F 4F 5T 6F 7T
8T 9T 10T
Vocabulary
4.
Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese
in the brackets
1. differ
2.
differently, different
3. difference
4. serious, serious, seriously
5. seriousness, seriously polluted
6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution,
seriously, pollute
1.
他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
They
took
advantage
of
our
helpless
situation
and
took
over
our
company.
2. <
/p>
虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平
统一。
Although there are still
difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that
we Chinese people will have the wisdom
to bring abou t the peaceful
unification of our country on our own.
3.
只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。
It
is
wrong
to
put
emphasis
on
nothing
but
GDP.
It
will
give
rise
to
many
serious problems.
4.
他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像
躲避毒药那样躲避
他。
He
loves to show off his wealth, but this is all in
vain. People still
avoid him as though
he were poison.
5.
他不久就爱上了这个
村子。他决心和村民一起把这个地方变成一个花园。
He
soon fell in love with the village and was
determined to make it a
beautiful
garden together with other villagers.
6.
我们必须花更多的钱来和全球气温上升作斗争。另外，我
认为我们还必须采
用严厉的法律措施。这不只是一个钱的问题。
We must spend more money fighting
against global warming. In addition,
we
must resort to tough laws. It is not just a matter
of money.
7.
当警察到达学校的时候，学生和老
师还在一种茫然不知所措的状态。
When
the
police
arrive
at
the
school,
the
students
and
the
teachers
were
still in
a daze.
8.
这个腐败的官员还在死死抓住他的权力不放。他拒绝靠边站。
This
corrupt
official
was
still
clinging
to
his
power.
He
refused
to
step
aside.
9.
当那个人最后进
入视界时，我发现他原来是我父亲。不知道他怎么在这大雪
中找到这个地方的。那时候，
我放声大哭起来。
When the man
finally came into view, I found it was my father.
I didn
’
t know how he managed
to find this place in the blinding snow. At that
moment, I burst into tears.
10.
她不时地偷偷朝他张望。她发现自己第一次这样看一个
年轻男子。
She glanced at him
from time to time. It was the first time in her
life
that she had found herself looking
at a young like that.
5. Fill u in the
blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs
1 of
2 from
3 for
4 out
5 up
6 up
7 up for 8. out 9. with 10. of
11. of 12. of 13. up
Grammar:
2 Fill in the blanks with the correct
form of word(s) in the brackets.
3.
Fill in the blanks with ONE suitable word.
1. easy
2. beginning
3. But
4. suddenly
5. worried
6. If
7. master
8. number 9.
habit 10. go
4Translate the following
sentences into English
1.
上大学之前，我没有想到大学生活如此丰富多彩。
Before I came to/ entered college, I
had never thought life at college
would
be so rich and interesting.
2.
< br>出生于
20
世纪
90
年代的中国大学生大多数是独生子女。
Most
of
the
Chinese
college
students
born
in
the
1990s
are
the
only
child
of
their families.
3.
了解他的人都因为他出
色的工作而钦佩他。
All those who know
him admire him for his hard work.
4.
我那天缺课了，因为我不知道课已提前到了周四。
I missed the class because I
didn
’
t know it had moved up
to Thursday.
5.
在某些国家，超重的人会受到一定的惩罚。
In some countries, those who are
overweight will be punished one way or
another.
6.
在大火中失去
家园的人们很快被安置到安全的地方。
Soon
after
the
fire,
those
who
had
lost
their
homes
were
taken
to
a
place
of
safety.
7.
再见面的时候，我们发现我们两人变化都很大。
When we met again, we found we both had
changed a lot.
8.
以李教授为首的专家们很快就会来帮助农民解决问题。
A
team
of
experts
headed by
Professor
Li will
soon come
and
help farmers
solve their
problems.
9.
现在种着西红柿的那块地以往是荒地
。
The field planted with
tomatoes used to be wasteland.
10.
我们老师叫我们读像矛盾、巴金那样大师们写的作品。
Our teacher told us to read books
written by such masters as Mao Dun and
Ba Jin.
Unit 2
Vocabulary
4. Translate the
following sentences, paying special attention to
the
words in bold type.
1. <
/p>
一个男子突然站了起来，
用他的鞋子朝他扔过去。
幸亏他及时低头躲了过去。
2.
我们在他回家前把房间通通风吧。
3
.
她虽然八十好几了，但还能穿针引线。
4.
我们必须勇敢面对这个危险。总有人妖在我们这里浑水摸鱼。
5.
她清楚地知道，如果
2
把那钱放进口袋，她就会倒大霉。
[head for:
很可能
遭受（不幸）
；会招致
]
6.
会议是由一个刚刚平步青云，掌握大权的妇女主持的。
7.
正如老话所说，剥猫皮可以有
很多种方法。
（不必墨守成规）
8.
一对年轻的恋人坠入爱河，仅因为此，他们被用石头活活砸死。
9.
我希望贫富差距能够缩小。前两天我见到一个饿极了的年
轻人在一家饭馆狼
吞虎咽地吃残羹剩饭。
10.
桌子上的食品如此诱人，我都流口水了。
3. Complete the sentences by
translating the Chinese in the brackets
1. is that we
can
’
t find enough foreign
markets
2. is that with democracy there
is no harmonious society
3. is that we
should give/ allow students more freedom
4. is not strong enough to send him to
prison
5. reliable enough to be her
husband
6. is not big enough to hold so
many people
7. There
doesn
’
t seem to be any
different opinion
8. Because at that
time there seemed to be enough food for everybody
9. Because there
didn
’
t seem to be any good
reason at the time
10. because he was
being followed at that time
11. my car
is being repaired/fixed
12. I hear it
is being criticized by many people
13 a
good doctor, but he doesn
’
t
know much about history
14. an
excellent English professor, but she
doesn
’
t know everything
15. we may be poor, but we are no
beggars.
16. I
shouldn
’
t have told her in
such a hurry
17. I
shouldn
’
t (have gone)
18. we should have listened to them
4 Fill in the blanks with the correct
forms of the words and phrases
1. move
in on, happened to
2. aware of
3. heard of
4. think twice
5. Because of, hand over
6.
the other day, on duty
7. on the case,
as to
8. in the first place
5. Fill in the blanks with the correct
prepositions and adverbs.
1 on
2 into
3 up
4
forward to
5 down upon
6 up
7 up to
6 Translate the
following sentence into English
1.
在我看来，这似乎不可能，但是其他所有人看起来都很有信心。
It
seems
impossible to me, but all the
others looked very confident.
2.
我们四下一望，没有一个仍然矗立的建筑物了。地震似乎把一切的摧毁了。
We
looked
around.
There
wasn
’
t
a
building
standing
in
sight.
The
earthquake seemed to have destroyed
everything.
3.
---
他这些日子里似乎情绪很低落，不知道为什么。
He looks to be in a low spirits. I
wonder why.
---
我觉得那是因为他似乎学习上
没有多少进步。他怕被同学瞧不起。
I think it
is because he doesn
’
t seem
to be making much progress in his
studies. He is afraid of being looked
upon by his classmates.
4.
---
你在找什么，迪克？
W
What are you looking for, Dick
---
我好像把钥匙丢了。真烦人。
I seem to have lost my key. How
annoying!
5.
如果你发现一个字在中间说不通，
你就该查查字典。这是掌握意思的唯一办
法。
If you find a word that
doesn
’
t seem to make any
sense in a sentence,
you should look it
up in the dictionary. That is the only way to
learn
to use a word.
6.
他们继续争吵了几个钟头，两人似乎谁也不愿听对方的话。我突然想起有人
说过：
“讨论是知识的交流，而争吵是无知的交换。
”
They
went
on
arguing
for
hours.
Neither
was
willing
to
listen
to
the
other.
I
suddenly
remembered
someone
saying:
“
Discussion
is
an
exchange
of
knowledge
while
argument
is an exchange of
ignorance.
”
7.
那里的形式似乎非常复杂，政府已答应进行认真调查。
The
situation
there
seems
quite
complicated.
The
government
has
promised
to look into it.
8.
我爷爷似乎正在好起来，但是他任然需要有人照顾。
My grandpa seems to be getting better
and better, but he still needs
somebody
to look after him.
9.
经济学家已经
得出结论：危机似乎很快就要结束了，世界经济正在好转。
Economists
have
come
to
the
conclusion
that
the
crisis
seems
to
be
coming
to an end. World economy is looking up.
10.
这次病后，我看了看我的银
行账本。使我伤心的是，账上
的余额几乎是零。我前三年存在银行的钱全花完
了。
When I got well I looked at my bank
account. To my sadness, I found my
balance
was
almost
zero.
All
my
sayings
in
the
past
three
years
were
gone.
7. fill in each blank with the correct
form of the appropriate word in
the
brackets.
Ago and before:
1.
和过去式连用，不能和现在完成式连用
2.
说
“现在的多长时间以前”
用
ago;
说
“
过去某时的多长时间以前”
用
before
。
所以通常
ago
用于过去式，
before
用于过去完成式中。
Eg.
Two
years
ago,
I
left
the
company,
which
I
had
joined
two
years
before.
Grammar
3. Fill in each blank of the passage
with ONE suitable word
1 type/ kind
2 lending
3 for
4
is
5 pay
6 opening
7 balance 8 store/keep/save/put
9 changes 10 withdraw
4 Translate
the following sentence using one of the patterns
listed in
Grammar exercise 1-2
1.
你还是试一试别的方法吧。
You ought to try a different method.
2.
要不你再去和写作老师谈一谈
I think you ought to talk with our
writing teacher about it.
3.
我们还是立即向警方报告这次失窃吧。
We ought to report the theft to the
police immediately.
4.
你的父母身体不好，你多去看看他们吧。
You ought to see your parents more
often now that they are not in good
health.
5.
你不该对长辈那样大声嚷嚷。
You
shouldn
’
t have shouted at
the elders like that.
6.
这么重要的会议你是不该迟到的。
You shouldn
’
t
have been late for such an important meeting. 7. <
/p>
难道
吉姆不是你的朋友吗？他提出要帮你，
你是不该拒绝的。
Isn
’
t
Jim
your
friend
You shouldn
’
t
have turned down/ rejected his offer of help.
8.
作为一个大学生，你是不该把业余时间都花在网络游戏上。
As
a
college
student,
you
shouldn
’
t
have
spent
all
your
free
time
playing
computer games.
9.
万一我这次失败了，我还会再试第二次的。
If I failed this time, I would try for
the second time. 10.
要是地球
继续变
暖，这些岛屿将不复存在。
If the global
warming continued, these islands would disappear.
11.
我要是现在有一百万元，我一定会给父母买一套房子。
If I had a million yuan, I would buy my
parents an apartment.
12.
要是我当选为学生会主席，我没准会组织一次钢琴比赛。
If I were elected president of the
students
’
union, I might
organize a
piano competition.
5 Identify and correct the mistakes
1.
No
one
knew
what
had
happened/was
happening
there.
/
No
one
knows
what
is happening /has happened there.
2. My parents had a good reason to be
angry with me. I shouldn
’
t
have
lied to them in the first place.
3.
The
new
Prime
Minister
is
well
aware
that
his
government
is
faced
with
a
lot
of
problems.
/
The
new
Prime
Minister
is
well
aware
of
the
problems
his
government is face with.
4. If you won
the prize, what would you do you the money
5. The guest was greeted with a bunch
of flowers at the airport.
6.
The
teller
was
arguing
with
a
young
customer
about
something
when
the
narrator
entered the bank.
7. The narrator
thought the bank
’
s policy
was ridiculous.
8. It was
understandable for her to be angry with me. / She
had a good
reason to be angry with me.
9. I shouldn
’
t
have lied to her in the first place.
10. He had no choice but to do what he
was told to.
Unit 3
Vocabulary
1.
3
Translate the following expressions
4.
Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese
in the brackets.
1. represent,
represented
2. employer, unemployed,
employees, reemployed
3. well-informed,
information
4. informer, inform,
authorities
5. complaints, complain,
unemployment
6. insult
7.
insulting, insult
8. representative
9. be insulted
2 Complete
the following verb noun collocations or
expressions
1 mind (his own business)
2 plant / grow / harvest / reap (the
rice)
3 dig / sink (a well)
4. (catch) fish / birds / crabs / mice/
a thief / a cold / the meaning
/ the
disease
5 till / improve / conserve
(the soil)
6 plough (the field)
7 (condemn) the enemy / the killings
8 (attract) attention / interest /
criticism
9 (gather) flowers/ nuts /
information /troops
4. Fill in the
blanks with correct prepositions and adverbs
(1) in, of, with, at, with, about/of,
to, of, on, to
(2) of, for, from, till,
on, after, against/from, in
(3) to, in,
of, of, for, to, for, in, to,
(4) down,
over, with
(5) by, over,
(6)
along, with, across
(7) around/ round,
away, with
(8) to, up, off, off, on
5
Translate
the
following
sentences,
using
the
link
predicative
pattern
1.
祝英台虽然不愿意嫁给马家小少爷，
但她不能不服从她父亲。
她的心都碎了。
Zhu Yingtai had
to (was forced to) obey her father and marry the
young
master of the rich Ma family
although she was extremely unwilling. She
was heartbroken.
2.
< br>那个人从来没见过这么大的一张钞票。他说：
“这东西看着好，摸着也好，
的确就是好。
”
The man had never seen such a large
note. He said,
“
It looks
good, feels good, and it is
good.
”
3.
树叶都变黄，变红
，变
紫了。看起来真是如天堂一样美。
Leaves had turned/got/gone/become
yellow, red and purple, It really
looked heavenly beautiful (beautiful
like heaven).
4.
随着年纪越来越老，她开始容易感到疲惫。
As she grew older, she began to feel
tired easily.
5.
他的话听起来很有说服力
，但好听的理由并不等于好的理由，两者之间存在
很大差别。
What
he
said
sounded
very
convincing,
but
reasons
that
sound
good
do
not
always mean good sound
reasons. There is a big difference between the
two.
6.
他爱说话，他永远无法保持沉默，而他说的往往被证明是错的。
He likes to talk. He can never keep
quiet, and what he says often proves
(turns out to be) incorrect.
7.
他在战斗中受了伤，流了很多血，变得十分虚弱，他的领
导强迫他留在医院
到伤口痊愈为止。
He got wounded in battle, lost a lot of
blood, and became very weak. His
leaders ordered him to stay in the
hospital until he was completely
recovered ( healed).
8
他以为可以从我们手中滑过去；他们错了，他们休想干了坏事就溜走。
They thought they could slip through
our fingers. They were wrong. They
couldn
’
t get away
with what they had done.
9.
长征的时候，红军需要越过大渡河，穿越草地，翻过雪山。
During the Long March, the Red Army had
to get across the Dadu River,
through
the grassland and over the sown-covered mountains.
10.
你在哪里生活习惯了吗你和同学相处的如何？我们给你
寄的钱够你凑合着
用吗？
Are
you used to the life there How do you get along
with your classmates
Can
you
get
by
with
the
money
we
send
you
(Is
the
money
we
send
you
enough
for you)
7 Fill in the
blanks with the correct form of the appropriate
word or
phrase in the brackets.
1 wish
2 hoping
3
hope, wish
4 wished
5 hope
6 can
’
t, can,
won
’
t
7 should,
would/could/might
8 happened/occurred,
happen/occur
9 occurred, taken
place/happened/occurred
10 happen, take
place
Grammar
3. Fill in
each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word
1. trying 2 enough 3 brought 4
without 5 first 6 simple
7 any
8 times 9 in 10 only
4
Translate the following sentence using sentence
patterns o f unreal
condition or as.
1.
If
you
had
arrived
ten
minutes
earlier,
you
could
have
caught
the
train.
2. Your father would have forgiven you
if you had told him the truth.
3.
If
it
hadn
’
t
snowed
heavily,
I
would
have
taken
you
along
to
yesterday
’
s
party.
4. If there had been more rain
in spring, the harvest would have been
much better.
5. If they
hadn
’
t learned a lesson from
their failure, they wouldn
’
t
have achieved so much.
6.
If
my
family
hadn
’
t
supported
me,
I
wouldn
’
t
have
taken
part
in
this
contest.
7.
Many
people
think
that
China
’
s
Great
Wall
is
one
of
the
seven
wonders
of
the ancient world,.
8. As so often
happens, misfortunes/troubles never come
singly/alone.
9.
As
is
often
the
case
with
many
first-year
college
students,
Jim
finds
it hard to adapt to
the life at college.
10.
As
is
reported,
the
president
will
visit
five
African
countries
next
month.
5
Identify and correct the mistake(s)
1.
Supermarkets have sprung up everywhere in Beijing
since the 1990s.
2. The old lady finds
the shop filled with goods she has no use for.
3. If I had had time, I would have
joined you for dinner yesterday.
4. The
old couple told me that they had nothing to
complain abou t.
5.
My
grandfather
advised
me
to
apply
to
Nanjing
University
for
admission.
(or: My
grandfather suggested that I apply to Nanjing
University for
admission.)
6. He went back to work as soon as he
was back on his feet.
7. He said he
would pass on the message to all his friends.
8.
We
might
have
finished
our
work
by
5
pm
if
the
manager
had
not
interfered.
9. Any country
will sooner or later fall behind if it fails to
keep up
with the times.
10.
Maybe it is fate that brought my children back to
our hometown.
Unit 4
Vocabulary
2 Complete the
following verb noun collocation or expression
1. fit the (description; lock; theory)
2. (make; receive; have; get; answer )
a telephone call
3.(make; have;
arrange; keep; break) an appointment
4.
risk (failure; life; health)
5. affect
the (health; future; economy; result; decision)
6.
raise
(hell;
hands;
eyes;
a
finger;
voice;
glass;
wages;
prices;
hope;
issue)
7. save (time; money;
trouble; life; face; country)
8. wave
(a gun; arms; hand; flag; cloth)
9.
(do) harm
10 bite
(one
’
lip;
one
’
s nails;
none
’
s tongue)
11. (take; seize; miss; gives; have;
get) chances
12. cover (a table;
one
’
s body; somebody;
ground; field; anger; all
subjects; all
expenses; many miles; pages)
5 Rewrite
the following sentence using the words or
expressions in the
brackets.
1. He did not fit the description of a
great scholar. For one thing, he
was
half naked. For another, he slept by the roadside
of a busy city,
hardly a setting for
a philosopher.
2. I wish I
knew how they learned about this secret missile.
3.
Her
face
suggested
a
ripened
apple,
and
she
was
otherwise
very
strong
except for the loss
of both her leg.
4.
They
made
an
appointment
in
a
restaurant
that
evening,
where
the
waiter
quickly
slipped
a
note
into
the
spy
’
s
hand
concerning
he
secret
message.
5. We waited for
almost one hour and the food we ordered still did
not
come. I decided to raise the devil
with the management.
6.
The
government
has
promised
that
it
will
not
hesitate
to
punish
those
who deal in cheating, gambling, black
marketeering, and prostitution.
7. Had
the authorities aggressed with the plan, it would
have brought
a lot of problem. Luckily,
it was turned down and no harm had been done.
8.
We
must
make
sure
that
the
nuclear
power
stations
are
absolutely
safe.
We can
’
t
take chances.
9. I think we
should mind our own business. But I will check on
him
anyway.
6 Translate the
following sentences into English
1.
他们别想当然地以为我们会接受他们的条件，把我们当傻瓜。我们不那么容
易上当。
Don
’
t
let
them
take
it
for
granted
that
we
will
accept
their
conditions/terms. We are no fools, and
we won
’
t be so easily taken
in.
2.
我们只花了三年时间就使我们的村民收入增加了一倍
.
It took us only three years to double
the income of our villagers.
3.
他们要是不收回他们的话并道歉
,
我要给他大闹一场<
/p>
.
If
they
do
not
take
back
their
remarks
and
apologize,
I
am
going
to
raise
the devil with them.
4.
我们提出的这个问题很复杂
,
有很多东西需要考
虑
.
但是我们得碰碰运气吧
.
The problem we raised is complicated.
Many things have to be taken into
consideration. But we have to take our
chances.
5.
这孩子像他爹
,
对一切都好奇
.
给他一个玩具<
/p>
,
他立刻就拆开
.
The boy takes after his father/Dad. He
is full of curiosity. Give him
a toy,
and he will immediately take it apart.
6.
你一定要确保他们带你去见他们的经理
,
< br>告诉他们
,
事情很重要
,
很可能关系
到我们的投资计划
.
你必须见他本人
.
You must sure
that they take you to the manager. Tell them that
it
’
s
very
important
and
may
affect
our
investment
plan,
and
therefore
you
must
see him in person.
7.
他们告诉乘客说
,
天已晴朗了
,
飞机估计半小时以后起飞
.
They told the passengers that
the sky had cleared up and the plane was
about to take off in half an hour.
8.
我建议你落实一下你们逮捕的那个人和描绘的犯人是否相符
.
I
suggest
you
go
and
check
if
the
man
you
have
arrested
fit
the
description
of the wanted
man.
9.
你意思是假如我们采取这一步
,
就可能影响我们两国的关系吗
Do you mean that it will affect the
relationship of our two countries
if we
take this step
7. Fill in the blanks
with the correct form of the appropriate word or
phrase in
the brackets.
1 except, except for
2
effect, affect
3. ordinary, common
4. cause, cause, course
5.
used to
6. hard- , hardly
7.
am used to 8. glanced at
9.
staring at 10. gazing at
Grammar
3 Fill in each blank
of the passage with ONE suitable word.
1 time
2 buy
3
instead
4 with
5 did
6 pushed
7 nobody
8 When
9 what 10 used
4 Translate the sentences into English
(1) using adverbial clauses of time
and reason introduced by as
1. As the
final exams are coming nearer, students have
stopped computer
games, and they are
busy preparing for them.
2. As time
goes by, it becomes easier to forgive and forget.
3.
The
couple
sat
and
listened
as
their
daughter
told
them
about
her
first
day at
school.
4.
As
we
approached
the
21st
century,
we
keenly
felt
the
need
for
understanding and cooperation between
nations.
5. As he is learned and
humors, Professor Yan is very popular with his
students.
6. As many
important people will go to the party, the couple
think they
should be seen there, too.
(2) using the passive
1.
Three subway lines are being built in the city.
2.
Shakespeare
’
s
works
have
been
translated
into
many
languages
and
read
all over
the world.
3. Almost half of the crops
in the area have been destroyed in
the
rainstorm.
4. If you were
asked to list ten people you admire, who would you
name
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