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UNIT 1
重点单词和短语
objective
客观的
accomplish
完成
predict
预测
accompany
陪伴
attain
获得取得
scheme
计划策划，诡计，搞阴谋
skilled
有技能的
argue
争论
define
定义，使明确
interview
面试，采访，接见
prospect
前景，预期
course of action
n the way(by the way, in no
way, in a way)
make a guess at
contribute to
and
the like (and so on)
seek to do sth.
in part
point of view
vary from…to …
apply for (to)
have no idea
bring about
take the trouble to do
put oneself in one’s
place
to
one’s
advantage
at
a
disadvantage
ask
for
in
hand
turn
down
(up,
on, off, out, over, back)
重点、难点句子详解
1.A
decision is a choice made from among alternative
courses of action that are available.
解析：
courses
of
action
意思是行动方案、
做事步骤；
made
是过去分词；
fr
om
among
为二重介词
例：
We’ll inform you as soon
as tickets become _____.
(06
-4)
A.
valuable
B.
capable
C.
acceptable
D.
available
(D)
2. … some
suggest that the management process is
decision making.
解析：
suggest
表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不
用虚拟语气，表示建议意思，后面
用虚拟语气。
例：
It is suggested that the
meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time.
3. … deci
sion making
includes limiting alternatives as well as
identifying them.
解析：
as well as
意思是既
…
又
…
4. In fact, I did have several
questions, but you have already answered them all.
解析：助动词
do
在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。
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5. … but do not
let it worry
you too much.
解析：动词
let, make, have, hear,
see, observe
等词之后的宾语补足语为省略
to
的不定
式结构。
6. There is little likelihood that
…
对比：
There is a/
every/no likelihood that/of
例
：
The
two
sisters
are
___
in
many
ways,
not
only
in
appearance
but
also
in
temperament.(06-4)
A. like
B.
likely
C.
alike
D.
lively
(C)
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UNIT2
重点单词和短语
exert
collapse
shrink
basis
launch
convince
operate
revolve
glitter
unlikely (be likely to)
whereas
concerned (be concerned about)
plateau
in
theory
apply
to
depend
on
research
into
swallow
up
make
use
of
together
with
in
every
respect
in
other
words
consist
of
a
great
many
under the circumstances
make a
difference
above all
as
a rule
seek to do sth.
in part
point of view
vary from…to …
例：
I hope my boy friend will
be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4)
A.
above
all
B.
in
all
C.
at
all
D.
after
all
(A)
重点、难点句子详解
1.
Einstein claimed that matter and energy are
interchangeable…
例：
爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，
因此没有绝对
的时间和空间。
(05-4-68)
2. It is
only recently that astronomers have begun specific
research into black holes.
例
1
：
It
is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting.
A. that
B. when
C.
in that time
D. what
(A)
例
2: As a painter, Ted was
very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10)
A. specific
B. special
C. peculiar
D.
particular
(D)
3. The earth
is one of mine planets which move in orbit round
the sun.
对比：
The earth is the
only one of the nine planets which has life on it.
4. The total water area is about three
times as large as the land area.
解析：数词
+times + as
+
形容词
+as
是表示倍数的表达法。
例：
It is
important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an
earthquake ten times as strong as one
with a reading of 3.
(unit 6 text B)
5. The more
we learn about other people, the better we
understand their ideas, and, as a rule,
the better we like those people
themselves.
解析：
the+
比较级，
the+
比较级结构，意思是越
…
越
…
，第一个从句中谓语动词不用
倒装，第二个从句谓语动词可
以用倒装，也可以用正装语气。
例：
___ we are, ___ we become.
A. the oldest; the wiser
B. older; wiser
C. the older, the more wise
D.
the older; the wiser
(D)
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UNIT 3
重点单词和短语
deteriorate
debate (on/upon)
request
ensure
oppose(be opposed
to)
burden
sensitive
privilege
appoint
bias
accessible
recruit
be
affected
with
carry
out
in
addition
to
in
this
case
open
up
care
for
take
into
account
have
…at
heart
be
sensitive
to
opt
out
of
for
short
amount to
on (the) average
compete with
blame sb. for sth.
by
nature
when it comes to
be related to
be
worth doing
重点、难点句子详解
1. It
is very easy in society now for the elderly, the
disabled and the dependent to feel that they
are burdens.
例：
It
is important ___ there in time.
A. for you to get
B.
to you to get
C. your getting
D. of you
getting
(A)
2.
And it may be worth
remembering that …
解析：
be worth
意思是值得，
后面接名词、代词以及主动形式的动名词。
3. Many
people, though, are totally against the practice
of euthanasia.
解析：
Though
是一个起连结性作用的副词，意思相当于<
/p>
however, but.
4.
“Well, it’s not
as if
I’m
planning to murder
a crowd of
p
eople with a machine gun.”
解析：
As
if
< br>引出的从句，谓语动词根据实际情况选择用虚拟语气形式还是一般陈述
语气。
例：
It seems as if
it were spring now.
使用虚拟语气
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UNIT 4
重点单词和短语
domestic
exploit
campaign
execute
convict
incidence
deserve
despite
deport
minimum
maintenance
guilt
immigrant
weed
deny
degrade
inhumane
civil
liberty
disaffection
argument
circus
bring over
watch over
in
unison
call up
pay back
up to
a
great deal
of
be supposed to
convict … of
feel like
protect …from
risk doing sth.
deal with
according to
be deserving of
threaten to do sth.
agree to do
sth.
distinguish from
react to
clean up
重点、难点句子详解
1.
And
they
can
have
their
passports
removed,
making
leaving
or
“escaping”
virtually
impossible.
解析：
making…
是分词短语，表示结果
，
impossible
做宾补。
re
moved
是过去分词作宾
补，表示有完成和被动的含义。
2. It is, they say, the right
to change employers which distinguishes employment
from slavery.
解析：
they say
是插入语，本
句是一个强调句式，
which
可以改成
that,
句子会更正式。
3.
Six
out of
every
ten
prisoners
in
chains
are
black,
which
is
why
the
chain gangs
call
up
images of
slavery in centuries gone by.
解析：数字
+out
of
every+
数字，意思是每<
/p>
…
个中就有
…
个
；
which
引导非限定性的定
语从句
修饰前面整个句子
;gone by
是分词短语修饰
centuries
表示已经完成。
4. What they will do is make prisoners
more angry, more hostile…
解析：
what
引导的主语从句中带有实义动词
do,
表语不定式可以带<
/p>
to,
也可以省略
to.
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UNIT 5
重点单词和短语
folk
transformation
distinct
sentiment
originate
spontaneous
synthesis
readily
amplifier
electronics
studio
penetrating
thereby
participate
multimedia
live
inspire
invariably
improvise
constructive
creative
preliminary
painstaking
conception
temper
mold
diversified
conventional
harmony
evident
take
over
take
on
take
up
take
over
take
place
build
out
of
in
existence
in a
sense
at a stretch
serve as
in advance
for the sake of
be
born
in fashion
begin with
it
goes without saying that
重点、难点句子详解
1. What
happened, as well as it can be put into words, was
this.
解析：
第一个
as
是副词，
第二个
as
是连词，
well
是副词修饰
put,
注意区别
as well as;
例
: Those stories, as well as
this boring one, have been told almost hundreds of
times.
2.
Electronics
did,
in
fact,
make
possible
sounds
that
no
instrument
up
to
that
time
could
produce.
解析：
make
是谓语动词，
sounds that no instrument up to that time could p
roduce
是宾语，
possible
是宾补前置了，英语中有时为了句子结构的平衡，可对句子结构进行调整。
3. It is difficult to summarize the
composing methods of so diversified a group.
解析：
s
o/too+
形容词
+a/an +
名
词以及
such+a/an+
形容词
+
名词是固定搭配，
例如：
He was
not so big a fool as he looked.
4.
The
creative
act
with
Palestrina
is
not
thematic
conception
so
much
as
the
personal
treatment of well-established pattern.
解析：
not …so much as …
< br>意思是与其说
…
不如说
…
，不像
…
那么
…
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UNIT 6
重点单词和短语
efficiency
appliance
specific
shade
prevalent
increasingly
switch
defective
spray
personnel
completion
assemble
cast
reduction
critical
intensify
warning
precede
speculate
partial
reliability
forecast
decay
subside
analyze
shift
expose sth./sb. to
to a degree
convert …to/into
prevent…from
in between
be responsible for
in
question
differ from
work on
in that
plenty of
be capable of
too
…to
be on the
alert
set up
associate with
be involved in
重点、难点句子详解
1.
Thus,
people
who
need
to
exert
much
energy
in
their
work
will
find
relaxation
most
desirable in leisure.
解析：
exert oneself to do sth.<
/p>
意思是努力做某事；
find+
宾语
+
补语（
adj, -ing, -ed,
不定
式，介词短语）
。
2. Hence, it can be argued that
the people with whom we come into contact in these
various
contexts are…
解析：
It can be argued that…
是以
it
作形式主语的被动语态结构，
类似的还有：
It is said
that, It is believed that, It is
reported that, It is thought that; with whom …
是介词
+
关系代词
的限
定性定语从句，修饰
people. Come into contact with
与
…
接触
is not how much time you allocate for
study that counts but how much you learn when
you do study.
<
/p>
解析：这是一个强调句式，被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语以及从句，可用
that,which,who
引导。
will
not
only
keep
the
study
habit
alive
but
also
keep
you
up
to
date
on
your
class
assignments and
projects.
解析：
keep +
宾语
+adj.
意思是使
…
保持
某种状态；
up to date
意思是最新的，切合目前
情况的。
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UNIT 8
重点单词和短语
internal
external
overcome
destination
reset
neutral
feasible
proceeding
alarm
promote
interact
fade
duration
moderate
distraction
exceptional
remedy
productivity
appreciate
mislead
typical
effect on
blame sth. on sb.= blame
sb. for sth.
as fresh as paint
now that
leave alone
out of step
in time
a short cut
come across
due to
attend to
fall apart
be true of
lack of
at hand
at once
play a role in
be faced with
account for
to date= so far = up to now
重点、难点句子详解
1.
Confused? So was John Foster Dulles, the American
Secretary of State.
解析：
confused
是
are you confused?
的省略句；当以
So
开头表示与前边情况类似的句
子时，要用倒装语序。例如：
My brother can speak French, so can my
sister.
2. It is not feasible to wait
four days until the body is used to the new time
zone.
解析：
it
是形式主语，
真正的主语是不定式结构，
until
与
not
连用，
翻译为直到
…
才，
例如：
Don’t open the door until the
train stops.
3.
There
is
evidence
,
of
course,
that
motivation
plays
an
important
role
in
overcoming
the
effects of distractors and that there
are cons
iderable differences in
…
解析
：两个
that
引导的同位语从句，说明
evidence;
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UNIT 9
?
重点单词和短语
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dependency
upwards
liability
revision
lengthen
alter
proportion
appreciation
acknowledge
neglect
esteem
handle
appropriate
withdraw
?
worthless
?
approximate to
be classified as
rather than
in one’s thirties
in terms of
?
take advantage
of
cope with
no other …than
look down on
view as
?
exchange …for
?
例：
It would be better to make
a decision now, ___ leave it until next week.
(06-4)
?
A. other
than
B.
rather than
C.
less than
D.
more than
B
?
重点、难点句子详解
?
1.
…because
lots
of
dependent
babies
are
more
of
a
liability
than
numbers
of
the
inactive
aged.
?
解析：
be+of+
名词
< br>,
表示具有与该名词同源的形容词的性质。例
: The
girl is of beauty.=
The girl is
beautiful. A number of = numbers of
表示一些
、
若干，
谓语动词用复数
the
number
of
表示
…
的数目，谓语动词用单数。
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2. There is
often resistance to the idea that it is because
the birthrate fell earlier in Western and
Northwestern Europe than elsewhere,
rather than because of any change in the death
rate, that
we have grown so old.
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解析：
the
idea
后的
that
引导同位语从
句，
同位语从句部分是一个
it is …that …
结构的
强调句型，强调部分是原因状语从句；
rather than
意思是
“
而不
是
”
。
?
3. Children
need help understanding that their self-esteem and
the self-esteem of those they
interact
with have a direct effect on each other.
?
解析：
that
引导的宾语从句，
包含一个省略
that
的定语从句，
they interact with
修饰
those;
have
an effect on/upon …
对
…
有影响。