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2Unit12-15
答案
4-
第
Unit 12
Section I
1.
急救是一种在专业医疗救护到达
之前对意外伤害或事故的受害者所进行的医疗救
护。
2.
知道如何在紧急情况下进行急救，可能就意味着一个人的生死。
3.
一种称为心肺复苏的急救方法，
简称
CPR
，可以挽救心脏病、溺水和休克病人的
生命。
4.
在美国，
CPR
训练包括使用防护布或面罩覆盖嘴
巴。
5.
这有助于防止在做口对口复苏急救时传播疾病。
Section II
Dialogue
D
A
B
C
D
C
D
D
Passage
1.
Life expectancy at birth in the United
States in 1901 was 49 years while at the end
of the century it increased to 77
years.
2.
Psychologists
found
that
people
who
entertained
positive
thoughts
regarding
themselves
and
their
future
health
lived
seven
years
longer
than
those
with
negative attitudes.
3.
We
tend
to
regard
medical
disorders
as
the
cause
of
poor
health
or
shortened
lifespan, but, really, their
significance is small when compared to the impact
of the
psychological factors on health.
4.
Exercise,
weight loss or non-smoking can increase the
lifespan. Another avenue to
rejuvenation is through creativity.
5.
The US Census
Bureau predicted that the USA would eventually
have 5.3 million
people aged over 100
in 2100.
F
T
T
T
T
T
F
T
Ex.2
1 It increased from 49 in the year 1901
to 77 at the end of the century, an increase of
57%.
2 In human history,
preventing early deaths is the main cause of the
increase in life
expectancy.
3 We get older because of three things:
aging of arteries, dysfunction of the immune
system, and accidents and environmental
hazards.
4 He/she could potentially
feel as young as a 44-year-old.
5 The
mainstream view is that life expectancy in the US
will be in the mid-80s by the
year 2050
(up from 77 today) and will top out eventually in
the low 90s.
Section III
Item 1:
A.
a serious
snowstorm that hit New York City, US.
96 kilometers an hour/localized
drifting/68.3 centimeters/blizzard/1869
1) The road network in many places is
impassable. 2) Most of the airports in the
region
have
been
closed,
with
hundreds
of
flights
cancelled.
3)
Passengers
on
transatlantic
flights
heading
into
New
York
have,
in
some
cases,
found
themselves
diverted to
alternative
destinations.
worked
non-stop/keep
streets
and
avenues
open/people
making
their
way
down
Broadway on skis
Item 2:
A.
the evacuation
of people living in villages close to Volcano
Merapi which is about
to erupt.
B.
T
F
F
T
T
Item 3:
A.
the heavy storms and their
effects in East Asia.
B.
landslides/several
hundred
houses
to
collapse/the
worst
flooding/trapped/
missing/landslides and flooding/drowned
inside his car/dead in a gutter
Section IV
Part I:
A.
S
aturday/100/float/tide/senses/effect/aroma/crackli
ng/keep/refueling
B.
1)
WaterFire
attracts
1
million
visitors
each
year,
and
brings
business
to
downtown
restaurants,
hotels
and
entertainment
venues.
It
brings
more
than
33
million dollars in business to the city
annually.
2) It sets a good
example to other riverfront cities.
Part II
Dictation:
1.
A new study
published in the current issue of American Journal
of Public Health
suggests that
men
’
s behavior may be to
blame.
2.
It has
been reported that at every age American males
have poorer health and a
higher risk of
mortality than females.
3.
As
if
that
weren
’
t
enough,
men
tend
to
work
in
more
dangerous
settings
than
women, and thus account for 90% of on-
the-job fatalities, mostly in agriculture.
4.
In
low-lying
flood
zones,
men
are
more
likely
to
drive
around
barricades
and
drown in high water.
5.
These reasons
alone would certainly contribute to a shorter life
span for men, but
the problem may be
even more profound.
C
A
B
D
D
B
A
D
Unit 13
Section I
6.
Avian
influenza, or
“
bird
flu
”
, is a contagious
disease of animals caused by viruses
that normally infect only birds and,
less commonly, pigs.
7.
While all bird species are thought to
be susceptible to infection, domestic poultry
flocks
are
especially
vulnerable
to
infections
that
can
rapidly
reach
epidemic
proportions.
8.
The current outbreak of bird flu is
different from earlier ones in that officials have
been unable to contain its
spread.
9.
Rapid
elimination
of
the
H5N1
virus
among
infected
birds
and
other
animals
is
essential to preventing a major
outbreak.
10.
The
World
Health
Organization
recommends
that
infected
or
exposed
flocks
of
chickens and other birds be killed in
order to help prevent
further spread of
the
virus and reduce opportunities for
human infection.
1.
禽流感是一种由病毒引起的动物接触性传染病，通常只感染禽类，在少数情况下
也会感染猪。
2.
尽管所有的鸟类都会受感染，但是家禽群体特别容易受感染，而且会迅速造成大
规模爆发流行。
3.
目前爆发的禽流感与早些时期的禽流感不同，因为官方还无法控制它的传播。
4.
迅速杀灭受感染的禽类和其他动
物体内的
H5N1
病毒对预防禽流感的大规模爆发
极其重要。
5.
世界卫生组织建议捕杀所有受感染和有接触史的鸡群和其他禽类，以防止病毒的
进一步传播和减少人类受感染的机会。
Section II
Dialogue
T
F
T
F
F
T
T
T
F
F
Passage
6.
As
the sun climbs to its noonday apex, the bearded
man takes off his straw hat,
wipes
the
sweat
from
his
brow,
and
sits
behind
a
team
of
mules,
plowing
the
cornfield.
7.
Soon
he
’
ll
head
home
to
the
farmhouse,
where
his
wife
has
just
hung
out
the
week
’
s wash.
8.
They
will
sit
down
to
a
simple
meal:
bread
that
his
daughters
have
baked,
vegetables from the garden, perhaps
some freshly made strawberry preserves.
9.
Gardens
are
full
of
ripening
fruits
and
vegetables,
ready
to
be
picked
and
preserved for the winter.
10.
The
magical
workshop
is
a
child
’
s
wonderland:
a
miniature
wooden
table
and
chair
set,
doll-sized
cradles
and
slightly
bigger
ones
fro
their
owners,
and
mini-
farmhouses, complete with wooden animals.
F
T
T
T
F
T
T
T
Ex.2
1.
You will see a
cheerful Amish girl behind the counter scoop huge
helpings of the
richest, creamiest ice
cream into wafer cones.
2.
The religious beliefs for which they
left their homeland still define their lives, from
their name to their language
–
a German dialect, and
their old-fashioned ways.
3.
They consider the modern
21
st
-century conveniences to
be vulgar temptations, and
they eschew
any permanent physical connection to
“
the outside
world
”
–
gas lines,
electric wires, telephones, computers
and televisions.
4.
After that, the boys help their fathers
on the farm and the girls with their mothers
at home.
5.
Because there
are an array of arm-fresh produce and typical
Amish food.
Section III
Item 1:
B.
the serious
problem of insufficient health care in developing
countries, especially
in African
countries.
C.
Statistics: 10%/24%/37%/3%/over
50%/less than 1%
Analysis: 1)
AIDS/tuberculosis/malaria / childhood
vaccination/pregnant women
2) more doctors and
nurses/higher than in Africa/a brain drain of
health
professionals
3)
ethical
recruitment
policies/international
investment/more
staff/4
million/ 1.3 billion
Item 2:
B.
the WHO recommendations on the best
time to start treatment for HIV.
C.
1 Four million
people around the world have taken anti-retroviral
drugs.
2 Five million people who need
the drugs have not got them yet.
3 HIV
patients start taking drugs before their immune
systems display symptoms.
4 The
treatment at the newly recommended level could
increase survival by nearly
70%.
5 They will significantly reduce the
cost to health systems of treating opportunistic
infections,
greatly
improve
life
expectancy
of
HIV
patients,
bring
hope
to
the
families and solve the problems of
reduced workforce.
Item 3:
A.
Paris traffic
chaos caused by one-way traffic system.
B. commuters/was blocked/no entry/were
bemused/converged/one side road
A
decision/solve
the
problem
of
heavy
traffic
through
his
borough/more
vehicles/district/a one-way system/two
days/return immediately/traffic disorder
Section IV
Part
I:
A.
The Art of Choosing/ the impact/
choices/ over 15 years/ thinks about/ practice
love marriage/ balance/ a
deep respect/ limitation/ the possibilities
B
American
students: independence, possibility, opportunity
and dream/ give more
weight to what
they want for themselves personally
Japanese students: responsibility,
burden and anxiety/ place greater emphasis on
how their choices will affect others
C
1 Iyengar
takes the global financial crisis as an example to
support her view.
2 The
corporations choose to sell home mortgages to
people they knew could not
afford them,
and their customers choose to buy homes in spite
of their inability to pay
for them.
3 The above practice
undoubtedly leads to putting short-term self
interest ahead
of long-term
consequences.