-
墙纸行业专业词汇及表达方式
形象墙
Feature Walls
主题空间
Thematic Rooms
补花
Appliqué
[?
’
pli:kei]
客户
/
个性化定制
Customized / personalized
美式单卷
American Single Roll
A single roll of wallpaper that
measures 27
Packaged in double roll
bolts, an American double roll
continuous yards of wallpaper that
covers approximately 56 square feet.
气泡
Blister
A
small
air
pocket
that
forms
behind
the
wallpaper
during
installation.
Usual causes of blisters include:
a) inadequate soaking or
booking time which causes the paper to expand
on the wall after installation;
b) temperatures below 50
degrees fahrenheit during installation;
c) air that has become
trapped bBetween the wallpaper or border and
the wall during installation;
d)
installation
of
wallpaper
on
a
very
porous
wall
that
has
not
been
properly
sealed (see
[
?
ei<
/p>
?
?
rei
??
n]
of the
adhesive paste.
卷组
Bolt
A
continuous
roll
of
wallpaper
equivalent
to
two
or
more
single
rolls
packaged together (see
预处理
Booking
Sometimes
called
the
relaxing
period,
this
is
the
process
of
folding,
without
creasing,
a
recently
pasted
or
wetted
strip
of
wallpaper
or
border, with pasted sides together.
This allows the paste to soak into the
wallpaper
backing
and
prevents
the
paper
from
expanding
on
the
wall
which
creates
blisters
or
air
bubbles.
Generally
instructions
call
for
1-2
minutes of book time once the paper has
been pasted or wet to activate
the
paste.
水溶性粘胶纤维
Cellulose
.[
?
s
?
l
j
?
?
los,
-
?
loz]
Paste
A non-staining and odorless adhesive.
Cellulose paste is often used when
hanging
natural
materials
such
as
grasscloths,
linens,
silks
and
stringcloths. Cellulose paste is highly
recommended for hanging
murals
as well (see
粘土基胶粘剂
Clay-based Adhesive
An adhesive that has heavy solids and
is usually of a starch origin that
helps to enhance its adherence ability.
This type of paste will often cause
staining and/or cause the ink to flake
from many types of wallpaper and
border. Generally used for heavier
papers.
十字缝贴
Cross Seaming
A technique where a wallpaper liner
(see
horizontally
and
the
decorative
wallpaper
is
installed
vertically.
This
ensures
that
the
seams
do
not
fall
in
the
same
place
and
results
in
a
more secure adhesion.
护墙板
Dado
The
area
of
a
wall
from
the
踢脚板
baseboard
to
the
chair
rail.
Customarilythis
area
is
equal
to
1/3
the
height
of
the
wall.
In
most
homes, 32
of chairs.
分层
Delamination[d
i:
?
l?
m
?
?
ne
???
n]
The
condition
when
the
backing
of
the
wallpaper
or
border
begins
to
separate from the vinyl
facing. This is often caused by excessive soaking
or booking times (see
定向打印
Directional Print
A pattern on wallpaper or border that
must be installed in a particular
direction in order to be
aesthetically
*i:s?θetik?
l]
pleasing.
双切
Double-Cutting
A
technique
to
obtain
perfectly
fitted
seams.
This
is
done
by
overlapping
.*?ov??
l?
p] one
strip
of
wallpaper
over
the
other
until
all
patterns
are
perfectly
matched.
Then
a
sharp
blade
is
used
to
cut
through
both layers. The excess edges are then removed.
双卷
Double Roll
A
continuous
roll
of
wallpaper
equivalent
to
two
single
rolls.
Priced
as
two
single
rolls,
double
rolls
are
packaged
this
way
to
give
you
more
usable wallpaper with
less waste during installation.
错位对花
Drop-Match
Sometimes
referred
to
as
a
half-drop
match,
it
is
a
pattern
match
in
which
every
other
strip
of
wallpaper
is
installed
will
have
the
same
pattern
design
at
the
ceiling
line.
This
forms
a
diagonal
.
[da
??
?
ɡ?n?l+
p
attern
sequence,
rather
than
the
horizontal
pattern
sequence
created
by
a
straight
match
(see
match
染料批号
Dye-Lot Number
Sometimes referred to as a Run Number
or Batch Number, it is a letter,
number
or
combination
of
both
that
is
given
to
a
particular
batch
of
wallpaper rolls or border
spools that are printed at the same time. It is
important
to
record
these
numbers
in
case
additional
wallpaper
or
border
is
needed
at
a
later
date.
These
numbers
help
to
ensure
color
continuity
.*?kɑnt??nu?ti,
-
?nju
-]
among rolls.
接缝露出
Gapped Seam
A
small
space
that
appears
between
strips
of
wallpaper
that
are
hung
side
by
side.
This
usually
occurs
due
to
improperly
prepared
walls
or
excessive force being used during the
installation process (see
wallpaper
颜料脱落
Ink Flaking
Deterioration
恶化
of
the
ink
resulting
in
the
ink
flaking
off
of
the
wallpaper or border. Usual causes
include: a) leaving adhesive paste on
the
decorative
surface
of
the
wallpaper
or
border;
b)
use
of
abrasive
??
bres
?
v,
-z
?
v] detergentson the
wallpaper or border.
终结点
Kill
Point
When covering all four walls of a
room, this is the position where the last
strip joins together with the first
strip. This usually results in a mismatch
of
pattern.
For
this
reason,
you
should
try
to
make
the
kill
point
in
an
inconspicuous
.*??
nk
?n?sp?
kju
?
sarea.
夹层壁纸
Laminated Wallpaper
Wallpaper
or
border
that
has
a
decorative
surface
that
is
bonded
to
a
Backing
that
is
usually
paper
or
example,
grasscloth
or
clothbacked vinyl.
直线长度
Linear Feet
This
pertains
.[p
??
ten]to
length.
It
is
the
measaured
distance
between
two
points.
This
could
refer
to
such
things
as
the
height
of
a
wall,
the
length of a strip of wallpaper, or the
length of a piece of border. Linear
feet is the measurement required for
borders.
衬垫墙纸
Liner Paper
A
thick,
vinyl
wallcovernig
that
is
installed
under
the
decorative
wallcovering.
Available in a variety of weights, liners are used
to smooth
out
rough
or
heavily
textured
surfaces,
or
to
cover
paneling
or
cinderblock
walls.
Liners
are
usually
hung
horizontally
to
provide
cross-seaming
(see
above).
Liners
should
not
be
installed over individual
plank or tongue-and-
groove
榫槽式
boards, as the
wood
will
expand
and
contract
with
changes
in
the
weather
and
will
stretch
or
rip
the
liner
during
expansion,
and/or
wrinkle
during
contractions.
对花
Matching
The
technique of joining two strips of wallpaper so
that partial designs or
a
sequence
of
designs
will
line
up
properly.
(e.g.
Drop
Match,
Straight
Match).
亚光涂层
Matte Finish
A finish on the wallpaper or border
that has very little shine or reflective
referred to as a
公制卷
Metric Roll (Euro Roll)
A single roll of wallpaper
that measures 20.5 inches wide and 5-1/2 yards
long.
Packaged
as
double
rolls
(see
roll
above),
Euro
rolls
contain 11 continuous yards of
wallpaper that covers approximately 56
square feet.
壁画
Murals
A single
picture or scene with no repeats. Murals can come
packaged in
panels
that,
when
installed
properly,
form
the
scene.
Extreme
care
should be taken when installing murals
as each panel is numbered and
there is
no room for error. For helpful hints with hanging
your mural, go
to
our
home
page.
Once
there,
locate
the
heading
Suggestions
拼缝裂口
Opened Seams
Seams
between
two
installed
strips
of
wallpaper
that
have
separated,
exposing
the
wall.
Usual
causes
of
opened
seams
include:
a)
improper
wall
preparation;
b)
wallpaper
that
has
been
overworked
during
the
installation process.
图案错位
Out of
Register
This
is
when
two
or
more
ink
colors
in
the
pattern
of
a
wallpaper
or
border
are
printed
out
of
line
with
one
another,
creating
a
shadow
or
ghostlike effect. This is a defect that
occurs during the printing process
and
out-of-register wallpapers or borders should not
be installed. If this
occurs, contact a
customer service representative for a
replacement of
the defective product.
两次撕除
Peelable-
Removable
Wallpaper or border of which
the front and middle layers can be stripped
away,
exposing
the
backing
material
and
making
removal
easier.
Once
the
backing is exposed, it can then be saturated with
hot soapy water or
one
of
the
various
removal
products
on
the
market
today,
and
easily
scraped from the wall.
有色基膜
Pigmented Primer/Sealer
A primer/sealer (see
clear.
This helps to block out discolorations or spots on
the wall. This is
often used when
installing wallpaper over new drywall or when
installing
new
wallpaper
or
border
over
existing
wallpaper
or
border.
See
the
homepage link for
预胶
Prepasted
Wallpaper
or
border
that
has
an
adhesive
sprayed
or
coated
on
the
backing.
This
adhesive
is
water
soluble
and
is
activated
by
soaking
the
wallpaper
or
border
in
a
water
tray
or
bathtub.
Be
careful
not
to
oversoak your wallpaper or border as
this may dissolve too much of the
adhesive
and
result
in
inadequate
adhesion
to
the
wall.
Also
allow
proper
'booking'
of
the
paper
once
wet
to
allow
the
paste
to
even
activate (see 'booking').
预裁
Pre-Trimmed Wallpaper
Wallpaper
in
which
the
selvage
edges
have
been
removed
at
the
mill
before
packaging.
Most
wallpapers
come
pre-trimmed
to
make
installation easier.
基膜
Primer/Sealer
An
alkyd
or
acrylic-based
liquid
applied
to
the
wall
prior
to
wallpaper
installation.
Primer/sealers
soak
into
a
porous
wall
surface
much
like
sizing
(see
'sizing'
below).
However,
acrylic-based
primer/sealers
also
soak into latex paint and re-bond the
paint to the wall. This is important
because most wallpapers expand when
wet, as they dry they tighten to
the
wall. Poor latex paint will pull away from the
wall during this drying
stage.
横贴
Railroading
The
technique
of
hanging
wallpaper
horizontally
instead
of
vertically.
This is usually done above windows
and/or doors. Wall liners (see
paper
反卷
Reverse Rolling
A technique used to uncurl a roll of
wallpaper or border by unrolling it
and
re-rolling it in the opposite direction from how
it was packaged.
正反贴
Reversing Strips
A
technique
of
installing
wallpaper
in
which
every
other
strip
is
hung
upside
down.
This
ensures
that
the
lighter
and/or
darker
edges
of
textured
wallpapers come together to minimize shading.
划痕
Scoring Walls
The
process
of
sanding,
scraping
or
etching
the
vinyl
surface
of
a
wallpaper
or
border
in
preparation
for
removal.
Scoring
allows
the
removal solution to reach the paper
backing of the wallpaper or border
and
dissolve the adhesive. There are commercial
'scoring' tools available.
可擦洗墙纸
Scrubbable Wallpaper
Wallpaper or border that has a sprayed
vinyl or solid vinyl surface and
can
endure
more
vigorous
washing
with
warm
water
and
a
mild
able
wallpapers
should
not
be
cleaned
with
abrasive
detergents.
半透明墙纸
Semi-
Transparent Wallpaper
A wallpaper or
border that usually has a fairly light background
color that
will
allow
for
darker
colors
from
the
wall
surface
to
show
through.
A
pigmented primer/sealer (see
be used prior to installation of the
wallcovernig if there is a possibility of
this occurring.
单卷
Single Roll
A
European single roll is 20.5 inches wide and 5-1/2
yards long, covering
approximately 27
square feet of area. An American single roll is 27
inches
wide and 4-1/2 yards long,
covering approximately 27-30 square feet of
area. Though wallpaper is priced as
single rolls, it is packaged in double
roll bolts.
乳胶
Sizing
A liquid
mixture that is applied to the wall prior to
wallpaper installation.
Sizing creates
a uniform porosity p
??
r
ɑs?ti,
on the surface of your wall
and
increases the tack of the wallpaper
during installation. Sizing should not
be mistaken for a primer/sealer (see
胶面涂层
Solid-Sheet
Vinyl
A
type
of
wallpaper
or
border
that
has
a
paper
or
fabric
backing
laminated
to
a
solid
vinyl
facing.
These
papers
are
often
used
in
high
traffic areas such as kitchens,
bathrooms and children's rooms.
直接对花
/
水平对花
Str
aight-Across Match
Sometimes called a
straight match, it is a pattern match in which
every
strip of wallpaper that is
installed will have the same pattern sequence at
the ceiling line. This creates a
horizontal pattern sequence, rather than
the
diagonal
pattern
sequence
created
by
a
drop-match
(see
match
墙纸拉伸
Stretched Wallpaper
Horizontal
stretching
occurs
when
a
wallpaper
strip
that
has
already
begun to adhere to the wall, is forced
to stretch horizontally to join with
a
strip that is hung next to it. Vertical stretching
occurs as a result from
the
weight
of
long
strips
of
wallpaper
that
are
held
up
for
a
period
of
time without being
adhered to the wall. Care should be taken to avoid
stretching as much as possible as it
may result in gapped or mismatched
seams (see
一次剥离
Strippable Wallpaper
Wallpaper or border that is easily
removed without damaging the wall.
Strippable papers remove both the cover
and backing at the same time.
无纺布
Surg-Strip
A
non-woven, non-paper
medium
介质
used
by York Wallcovering and
others by different names for printing
on. This is a breathable medium
which
allows the drywall to function as if it had
nothing on it. It is even
better than
paint in allow breathability and mold preventive.
It goes up
easy and comes down easy.
不带背胶墙纸
Unpasted
Wallpaper
Wallpaper
or
border
that
has
not
been
pre-
pasted
at
the
mill
prior
to
packaging
(see
above).
Different
adhesives
work
better
with
different
papers;
you
should
always
refer
to
the
manufacturer's
recommendations prior to purchasing
your paste.
未剪切墙纸
Untrimmed Wallpaper
Wallpaper in which the selvage
< br>.*?s?
lv
?
d
?
]edges have not been removed
at the mill prior to packaging.
Trimming is done by the installer and can
be done using a straight
edge
直尺
and razor
knife prior to installation,
or the
wallpaper can be double-cut during the
installation process (see
上墙卷数
Usable Yield
The quantity of wallpaper that is
actually installed on the wall. This does
not include waste due to pattern match
or allowances.
垂直花距
Vertical Pattern Repeat
The distance between one point on a
pattern design to the next identical
point, measured vertically.
护墙板
Wainscoting
?
wensk
?
t
Paneling or woodwork that covers the
area from the baseboard to the
chair
rail. This area is usually about 1/3 of the entire
wall height.
Abrasion
The ability to
withstand repeated mechanical action
–
Resistance
抗磨性
Aging
待置
Antimicrobial
(Biocide)
抗菌
Base
底基
Blocking
Resistance
Blotch Coat
Breaking
such
as
rubbing,
scraping,
or
scrubbing
–
which
may
progres
sively
日益增长地
tend
to
remove
material
from wallcovering’s
surface.
The process of
exposing materials to an environment
for an interval of time.
An
additive
添加剂
used
to
inhibit
the
growth
of
bacteria, fungi
.[
?
f
?
nd
?
a
?
]
and algae
.[
?
?
ld
?
i]
on the surface
of
a
finished
product.
Please
Note:
These
additives
will not prevent
mold
霉
growth if
moisture is allowed
to accumulate in or
behind the wall.
Pigmented
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC)
film
with
a
supportive backing. Also
called a foundation sheet.
The
ability
of
a
film
to
resist
adhesion
between
two
surfaces
that
touch
under
uniform
loading
and
temperature conditions
for specified time.
Heavy pigmented ink
vehicle or coating which is used
to
change the base vinyl color.
The
ability to withstand a pulling force.
Strength
Calendering
Process
of
forming
sheet
materials
by
passing
them
through
a
series
of
heated
rolls
with
designated
speeds and gaps to determine the
product thickness.
Chemical
Film
A
polymeric
material
that
is
formed
in
a
sheet
using
either naturally occurring or synthetic
chemicals.
Clear
Coating
Vinyl
Clear vinyl (CV)
liquid coating can be any of a number
of top finishes which can be applied to
protect prints
and
to
control
luster
ranging
from
dull
to
bright.
Pigments can be added to tint overall
color.
Coated Fabric
A
Fabric
coated/impregnated
with
a
plastic
solution,
dispersion, hot
melt, or powder.
Coated
Film
A film to which a
polymeric coating has been applied
to a
surface to affect one or more surface properties.
Coating
Adhesion
A
measure
of
the
strength
of
the
bond
between
a
wallcovering’s
surface
coating
and
its
backing
(or
substrate).
Cold Cracking
Colorants
Colorfast
Compounding
Copyright
Crocking
Resistance
Custom Order
Back to top
Degradable
Plastic
The ability of a
wallcovering’s coating and backing to
resist
cracking
when
the
wallcovering
is
folded
while
exposed to cold temperatures.
Pigments or dyes used to impart color
to a material.
The
ability
of
a
product
to
maintain
its
original
appearance and
color after lengthy exposure to light.
The process of mixing resin(s) and
additives needed to
modify
the
resin
into
a
suitable
form
to
make
the
finished article.
The exclusive right granted to the
creator of a work to
reproduce,
distribute, etc. that work.
Ability
to
resist
transfer
of
color
from
a
wallcovering
surface when
rubbed.
Any material which is different
from a standard stock
item, i.e.
packaging, color, weight, put-up size, etc.
A plastic designed to undergo a
significant change in
its
chemical
structure
under
specific
environmental
conditions resulting in a loss of some
properties that
may
vary
as
measured
by
standard
test
methods
appropriate
to
the
plastic
and
the
application
in
a
period
of
time
that
determines
its
classification.
(ASTM
D883-9la
Standard
Terminology
Relating
to
Plastics).
Defects,
Wallcovering
Bad Edges
Ragged
or
uneven
edges.
Or
edges
that
curl
when
hung.
Color
Variation
Differences
in
color
brightness,
saturation
or
hue
from roll
to roll within the same production run.
Crease
Wrinkles
Distortion
and
Hard
wrinkles
or
creases
that
cannot
be
removed
when proper hanging instructions are
followed.
Printed
pattern
appears
bowed,
wavy,
warped,
or
otherwise deformed.
Embossing
Defects include shallow grain and grain
variation, as
well
as
streaks
or
spots
inherent
in
the
embossing
pattern.
Hole
Any gap,
opening or puncture in the vinyl substrate.
Match
No Adhesive
Print
Register
Seams
Shading
Tilt
Drape
Embossing
Pattern will not match up along the
edges from one
piece to another.
Pre-pasted wallcovering with inadequate
amounts of
adhesive.
Any
abnormalities
in
the
printed
patterns,
including
but not limited to spots, streak,
bleeding, etc.
One
of
more
ink
stages
are
out
of
alignment
with
other ink stages creating an unsharp,
blurred or fuzzy
appearance, and loss
of detail.
Wallcovering has taped or
sewn seams that were not
removed during
production or before shipment.
Excessive color difference from side to
side.
Pattern
is
printed
on
the
bias
(at
an
angle
and
not
square to the edges).
A
term
to
describe
the
way
a
fabric,
coated
fabric
and/or
film
falls
while
it
hangs;
the
suppleness
and
ability of a fabric to form graceful
configurations.
The process of
imparting a specific pattern or texture
to
the
surface
of
the
material.
This
can
be
done
during
the
film
formation
processor
at
a
later
operation.
Extrusion
A
process
in
which
heated
or
unheated
plastic
is
forced
through
a
shaping
orifice
(a
die)
in
one
continuously formed
shape, as in film, sheet, rod or
tubing.
(ASTM
D883-91a
–
Standard
Terminology
Relating to Plastics).
Fabric
In the
coated fabrics industry, this term refers to the
textile
material
used
to
enhance
the
physical
properties
of
the
composite
formed
by
the
coating/lamination
of
the
plastic
to
the
textile.
The
fabric
usually
is
in
a
woven,
knitted,
or
nonwoven
construction.
Woven
fabrics
consist
of
materials
formed on a loom
with two separate yarns (warp and
filling) that are at right angles to
each other and they
go
over
and
under
each
other
in
a
designated
pattern.
Knitted
fabrics
are
formed
by
a
single
or
multiple yarns making interlocking
loops. Nonwoven
fabrics
are
formed
by
laying
a
continuous
web
of
random spaced fibers to
create a uniform batting.
Film
A thin sheet of uniform
gauge without any underlying
support
fabric,
typically
having
a
nominal
thickness
of no more than
0.01 in. (0.25 mm)
Finish
Back to top
See
“Clear Vinyl (CV) Coating.”
Gravure Coating
A
process by which a design
or full coating is applied
to
the
surface
of
a
product
using
an
engraved
cylinder.
Gravure Printing
A roll
printing process where the amount and areas
(Rotogravure)
of
application
are
determined
by
the
location
and
depth
of
depressions
engraved
on
the
roll
surface.
The
excess
print
vehicle
is
wiped
off
the
surface
of
the
roll
with
a
doctoring
blade
prior
to
application.
The
metered
print
is
applied
to
the
plastic
material
as it passes between the gravure roll
and a resilient
surface
backing
roll.
(Whittington’s
Dictionary
of
Plastics by Lloyd R.
Whittington)
HAP
(Hazardous
A
material
identified
as
toxic
when
released
to
the
Air Pollutant)
environment.
Hand
The tactile qualities of a
fabric, coated fabric and/or
film,
e.g., softness, firmness, elasticity, etc.
Heat
Aging
Ability
of
a
wallcovering’s
coating
and
backing
to
Resistance
Intumescence
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Joins
Knitted Fabrics
Lacquer
Laminating
resist
deterioration
when
exposed
to
high
temperatures over an
extended period of time.
The
condition
of
a
plastic
material
to
expand
when
exposed to very high heats and/or
flames. It aides in
reducing the flame
spread of a material.
Area in a design
where repeats come together. Can
be
horizontal or vertical in alignment, depending on
the design.
See
“Fabric.”
A solution of a
resin(s) in a volatile solvent that when
applied
to
the
surface
of
a
material
forms
an
adherent film upon evaporation of the
solvents.
The process of
combining two or more layers into a
single structure.
Latex/Latices
Machine
Direction
A polymer dispersion of emulsion,
typically in water.
Machine
direction
is
parallel
to
the
orientation
and
through
the
equipment
by
which
a
film
is
Cross
Machine
manufactured (MD). Cross machine is
perpendicular
Direction
to machine direction.
Maximum Prints
The
combined
maximum
number
of
colors,
finishes
or coats which a
wallcovering press can transfer in a
single press operation. Currently,
OMNOVA’s presses
can transfer a maximum
of six imprints. Example: six
54”
registered
print
colors,
or
five
54”
registered
print colors and one topcoat.
Metamerism
A term used to
note the condition where a material
matches
the
color
of
another
item
in
one
type
of
light but does not in
another type of light. Example:
two
pieces match in sunlight (daylight) but one looks
more
red
when
looked
at
under
incandescent
light.
(Whittington’s
Dictionary
o
f
Plastics
by
Lloyd
R.
Whittington).
Mildew
Resistant
Indicates
a
wallcovering
that
has
been
chemically
treated
to
deter
the
growth
of
(fungal)
mildew.
Back to top
Non-Rigid
Plastic
Nonwoven
Fabrics
Offset Printing
Organasol
Please Note: These
additives will not prevent mildew
growth
if
moisture
is
allowed
to
accumulate
in
or
behind the wall.
For purposes of general classification,
a plastic that
has
a
modulus
of
elasticity
either
in
flexure
or
in
tension of not over 70MPa
(10,000 psi) at 23°
C and
50%
relative
humidity
when
tested
in
accordance
with
ASTM
Test
Methods
D790,
D747,
D638,
or
D882.
(ASTMD883-9la
-
Standard
Terminology
Relating to Plastics).
See
“Fabric.
Process of applying
a print coat to a material where
the
printing
material
is
first
applied
to
an
intermediate roll/plate surface. It is
then transferred
to the surface to be
printed.
A suspension of
resin and plasticizer mixture with a
volatile organic liquid (at >5% level).
Pearl Finish
Pigments
Plasticizer
Plastisol
Post Embossing
PreFixx?
Primer
Pearlescent
pigment
is
added
to
a
clear
ink
vehicle
to obtain a pearly
gloss finish.
Colorants that are
insoluble in the medium in which
they
are used.
A
substance
incorporated
in
a
material
to
increase
its
workability,
flexibility,
or
distensibility.
(ASTM
D883-9la
-
Standard
Terminology
Relating
to
Plastics).
A
vinyl
polymer
suspension
containing
plasticizer(s)
and other
needed additives. The liquid suspension is
relatively
stable
at
lower
temperatures,
but
will
solvate the resin to
form a flexible solid material at
elevated temperatures.
The
process
of
embossing
vinyl
after
prints
have
been applied.
A stain
resistant top coating for wallcoverings that is
proprietary to OMNOVA Solutions.
A coating applied to the surface of a
film to improve
Back to top
Recycled Plastic
Rigid
Plastic
Rotogravure
Scrubbability
the
receptivity
of
the
surface
for
further
coating
application or
improve bonds to an adhesive.
A
plastic
composed
of
post-consumer
material
or
recovered
material
only,
or
both,
that
may
or
may
not have been subject to
additional processing steps
of
the
types
used
to
make
products
such
as
recycled-
regrind
or
reprocessed
or
reconstituted
plastics.
(ASTM
D883-9la
-
Standard
Terminology
Relating to Plastics).
For
purposes of
general
classification,
a plastic
that
has
a
modulus
of
elasticity,
either
in
flexure
or
in
tension, greater than 700
MPa(100,000 psi) at 23°
C
and
50%
relative
humidity
when
tested
in
accordance
with
ASTM
Test
MethodsD747,
D790,
D638,
or
D882.
(ASTM
D883-9la
-Standard
Terminology
Relating to Plastics).
See “Gravure
Printing.
The
ability
of
a
wallcovering’s
surface
to
accept
Sheeting
Skin
Layer
Spanishing
repeated
cleanings
with
a
brush
and
detergent
solution
without
a
visual
deterioration
of
the
wallcovering’s
decorative appearance.
A
form of plastic in which the thickness is very
small
in proportion to length and width
and in which the
plastic is present as
a continuous phase throughout,
with
or
without
filter.
(ASTM
D883-9la
-Standard
Terminology Relating to Plastics).
The
relatively
solid
layer
on
the
top
surface
of
an
expanded
layer
of
coated
material.
This
is
usually
applied
for
improved
physical
properties.
(Whittingto
n’s
Dictionary
of
Plastics
by
Lloyd
R.
Whittington)
A
printing
process
where
the
print
solution
is
deposited
in
the
bottoms
and
sides
of
the
grain
depressions
of
an
embossed
material.
Usually,
the
top
of
the
grain
surface
is
wiped
clean
of
the
print
vehicle. Also referred
to as shadowing, washcoating
and
flood
coating.
(Whittington’s
Dictionary
of
Plastics by Lloyd R.
Whittington)
Stabilizer
Additive
used
with
polymers
against
heat,
mechanical
and
ultraviolet
stress,
to
prevent
degradation during processing and
product life.
Stain Resistance
The
ability
of
a
product’s
surface
to
be
exposed
to
Substrate
Supported
Product
Surface Tension
Tear Resistance
Tedlar?
specific staining agents and cleaned
without a visual
deterioration
of
the
wallcovering’s
decorative
appearance.
Unexposed
layer
or
layers
in
a
composite
used
to
impart
physical properties rather than appearance.
A
polymeric
film
laminated
to
a
fabric
for
support
and strength.
A measure of the surface
energy of a film or liquid.
For
liquid,
the
surface
tensions
are
those
forces
which hold the liquid together as a
drop and prevent
it from wetting a
surface.
The ability of a product to
resist the propagation of
an existing
tear.
The DuPont brand name of a clear
film that can be
laminated to
substrates to provide additional surface
protection, durability and
cleanability.
Thermoplastics
Resins or plastic compounds
that can be softened by
Thermosets
Tip Printing
Transfer Coating
heating
and
re-hardened
at
cooler
temperatures.
(Whittington’s
Dictionary
of
Plastics
by
Lloyd
R.
Whittington)
Resins
or
plastic
compounds
that,
once
they
have
been
cured
(by
heat,
catalyst,
or
some
chemical
means), will not re-soften when heated.
Note: some
thermoplastic materials can
be made thermosets by
cross-linking.
Printing the tops of the grain on an
embossed piece
of vinyl.
process
of
making
coated
fabrics.
A
plastisol
coating is applied
directly to a treated release paper
or
continuous
belt.
After
one
or
several
layers
are
applied and partially
cured, a thin layer of adhesive
plastisol
is
applied
and
the
textile
substrate
is
laid
onto
the
material.
The
final
curing
process
is
completed.
Then,
the
coated
material
is
stripped
from the treated
paper. The paper can either be flat
A
Back to top
UEV
VOC
Waterborne
Coating or Ink
Wallcovering
Whitening
Woven Fabrics
or
have
an
embossed
grain.
It
can
normally
be
reused
several
times.
(Whittington’s
Dictionary
of
Plastics by Lloyd R. Whittington).
An
unsupported
expandable
vacuum
formable
product
usually
produced
by
the
cast
coating
process.
Volatile organic compounds.
A coating or ink containing solids that
are dispersed
or dissolved in a vehicle
that is primarily water.
A
flexible
sheeting
material
designed
to
be
applied
to
walls
and
ceilings
for
decorative
and
functional
purposes.
Marking
of
the
surface
of
a
film,
coated
fabric,
or
composite when it is either bent or
flexed.
See “Fabric.
Wallpaper
Anatomy
This page explains
the physical characteristics of residential and
commercial
wallcoverings. The
manufacturer's label should always be checked for
stippability, cleaning methods,
durability and other physical properties, as
these vary.
Wallcovering
backing material
The surface
of wallcoverings products usually commands the
majority of
attention paid to
wallcoverings, but the backing material is just as
important
with regard to function and
installation.
The various types of
backings are:
Paper
backings
:
Used on paper
backed vinyls, vinyl coated papers and
specialty products.
Woven fabric backings
:
Common materials used as this backing
are scrim,
osnaburg, or drill cloth.
Scrim is used mostly in light
construction.
Osnaburg
is
installed in medium to heavy usage areas.
Drill cloth is used in the heaviest
wallcoverings.
Non woven fabric backings
:
Non wovenwallcovering substrates are
produced on a paper machine from a
mixture of long fiber cellulose pulps and
textile fibers combined with binders.
The web is reinforced with acrylates and
pigments are added to provide opacity.
Special additives are used provide wet
strength and absorbency. Non wovens
provide a substrate that is
dimensionally stable when wet thus
allowing a paste the wall technique to be
used for hanging.
Latex acrylic backings
:
Used on fabric wallcoverings to allow
for stability
and improved hanging
qualities.
Types of residential
wallpaper
Wallpaper products today offer not only
a wide variety of patterns, but also a
variety of protective coatings. Basic
wallpaper categories:
Vinyl coated paper
:
This wallpaper has a paper substrate on
which the
decorative surface has been
sprayed or coated with an acrylic coating.
The
proper name for this
type of paper should be acrylic coated paper, but
the
inaccurate name has caught on and
is used in it's stead.
These
wallpapers
are classified as scrubbable
and strippable, and are suitable in most any area.
These papers are better resistant to
grease and moisture than plain paper, and
are good for bathrooms and kitchens.
Coated
fabric
:
This wallpaper has
a fabric substrate coated with liquid vinyl
or acrylic. The decorative layer is
printed on this coating. This is generally
considered more
moisture
rooms, like living areas.
Paper backed vinyl/solid sheet
vinyl
:
This wallpaper has a
paper (pulp)
substrate laminated to a
solid decorative surface. This type of wallpaper
is very
durable since the decorative
surface is a solid sheet of vinyl. It is
classified as
scrubbable and peelable.
Solid sheet vinyl can be used in most areas of the
home since it resists moisture and is
stain and grease resistant. However, this
type of wallpaper will not withstand
hard physical abuse.
In-
register paper-backed vinyl
:
Solid vinyl layer of material is
laminated or
bonded to a paper backing
sheet. These wallcoverings have a heat-embossed
(raised) effect to register (fit) the
pattern design, and provide a multitude of
textural effects.
These
wallcoverings have a high quality appearance and
are
durable because the decorative
surface is solid vinyl.
They resist
moisture,
stains, and grease and are
scrubbable and peelable but will not withstand
extreme physical abuse. Cleaning may be
more difficult due to the raised
pattern.
Fabric backed vinyl
:
This wallpaper has a substrate
laminated to a solid
vinyl decorative
surface. General categories of this type of
wallpaper include:
a. Solid vinyl - this wallpaper
consists of a vinyl film laminated to a fabric
or paper substrate. It is generally
considered the most durable wallcovering
because the vinyl is a solid sheet and
not applied in a liquid form. This type of
wallpaper is ideal for consumers
looking for a great degree of washability,
scrubbability and durability.
b. Paper
- this type of wallpaper refers to wallpaper with
a paper
substrate/ground combination
upon which the decorative layer is printed. True
papers are not coated, but some may
have a coating applied to seal in the inks.
Because this type of wallpaper varies
widely, check the label for attributes of
the pattern/brand you want to purchase.
String effect
:
Wallcoverings that have very fine
vertical threads laminated to
a paper
type substrate. Threads may be of a man made
material or natural
fiber such as silk
or linen. These wallcoverings should not be
subjected to
abuse and require great
care in their cleaning.
Flocked wallpaper
:
Wallcoverings made by a machine that
shakes very fine
cotton, silk, rayon or
nylon fibers from a hopper over a pattern printed
in
varnish or slow drying paint to give
the appearance of velvet or damask or
create a three dimensional effect.
These wallcoverings should not be
subjected to abuse and require great
care in their cleaning.
Expanded vinyl / paintable
wallcovering
:
An
liquid vinyl, makes the wallcovering
expand in size after it is heated at high
temperatures, producing a three
dimensional effect. Vinyl is printed on a paper
substrate and may be strippable or
peelable.
This wallcovering provides a
unique and dramatic appearance and
retains three-dimensional effect after
hanging.
Good for imperfect
walls, over paneling or concrete blocks; usually
pre-pasted and paintable.
It is best used on larger walls, where
the design
and visual effect can be
seen to best advantage.
It can cover
defects in wall
surfaces but is not
suitable for areas requiring frequent cleaning,
which may be
more difficult due to the
raised pattern.
Natural
fibers
:
Natural materials,
such as vines, jute, wool, seagrass, coir,
cork, hemp, sisal, cotton, and grass
that have been dyed and laminated to a
paper backing. After lamination, the
product is printed, using conventional
methods. There will be some shading, as
the wallcoverings are natural
materials. They are usually unpasted.
They provide a natural and textured
character to decoration and are
available in an extensive variety of color
combinations.
They are
ideal for low-traffic areas, such as living and
dining
rooms.
Can require
specialized cleaning techniques.
Murals
:
Wall
decoration with a pictorial design that continues
over two or
more strips of wallcovering
and is intended to cover part or most of a wall
without repeat. These scenes may be
photographic, digital, custom, hand, or
machine printed. They also can be
printed on on nearly every
substrate.
Cleaning care and durability widely
varies depending on the
manufacturing
technique and materials used.
Foils
:
Constructed by laminating a thin sheet
of aluminum foil onto a
substrate of
paper or scrim. Foils sometimes have a polyester
sheet between
the paper backing and the
foil to prevent water in the adhesive from
actually
contacting the foil.
These wallcoverings may have a pattern
printed on the foil
surface.
Many times they are constructed not of
foil but of mylar-like
material.
It is not actually mylar, but
metallized PVC.
Molded
wallcovering
:
Permanent
wall covering coated with a wood flour and
linseed oil mixture on a paper backing
which is molded instead of
printed.
These wallcoverings normally have a
raised pattern and are
paintable.
Glass textile
wallcovering
:
Paintable,
decorative and functional
wallcovering
for interior wall and ceiling surfaces. Designed
for strength, health,
safety and design
versatility.
Unusual wall and ceiling
conditions may require
special
procedures and application techniques.
Woven glass yarns treated
with a modified starch binder.
Liner paper
(blankstock)
:
Blank paper
used under wallpaper. Lining paper
is a
traditional product used under fine wallcoverings
to absorb excess
moisture from the
finish wallpaper. It allows seams to dry sooner
and safer,
and the promotes short term
stability of the installation.
Benefits of use
include:
a.
Provides
a smoother surface for final wallcovering.
b.
It is
very porous and serves as an excellent base for
decorative
wallpaper application.
c.
It sets
(bonds) the seams and controls the
expansion/contraction
process (moisture
and vapor bubble reduction).
Bridging liner
:
Porous under-wallcovering material
designed to cover
irregularities on
walls or smooth surfaces, such as brick or
paneling,
to hang
decorative wallpaper.
Woven
or non-woven (spun), either synthetic or a blend
in composition.
This
material may also be painted though many will want
to
hang liner or float joint compound
over the bridging material for a smoother
surface.
Types
of Commercial Wallcoverings
Commercial wallcoverings are produced
specifically for use in hotels,
apartment buildings, office buildings,
schools and hospitals. They are
manufactured to meet or surpass minimum
physical and performance
characteristics set forth in Federal
guidelines (Federal Specifications
CCC-W408). The guidelines focus on
requirements for flammability, tear
strength, abrasion resistance,
washability, scrubbability, and stain resistance.
Examples of various types of commercial
wallcoverings are:
Vinyl
coated paper
:
Wallcovering
that has a paper substrate on which the
decorative surface has been sprayed or
coated with an acrylic type vinyl or
polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Paper backed vinyl/solid sheet
vinyl
:
Wallcovering that
has a paper (pulp)
substrate laminated
to a solid decorative surface. This type of
wallcovering is
very durable since the
decorative surface is a solid sheet of vinyl. It
is
classified as scrubbable and
peelable.
Fabric backed
vinyl
:
Wallcovering that
has a woven substrate of fabric or a
non-woven synthetic substrate. In
either case, the substrate is laminated to a
solid vinyl decorative surface. General
categories of this type of wallcovering
include:
Type I: Light duty commercial grade
wallcovering weighing between 7 and
13
ounces per square yard.
Generally
produced on a scrim or non-woven
backing.
Type
II: Medium grade commercial wallcovering weighing
between 13 and
22 ounces per yard.
It is produced on an osnaburg, drill,
or non-woven fabric
backing.
Type III: Heavy duty
commercial grade wallcovering, weighing in excess
of
22 ounces per square yard.
Usually produced on drill fabric
backing.
Natural
textile
:
Wallcoverings are
usually laminated to a backing to enhance
dimensional stability and to prevent
the adhesive from coming through to the
surface.
These backings are
usually acrylic or paper.
Textiles are
manufactured in a variety of widths and
are constructed of natural
fibers.
Natural textiles can be finely designed
or coarse in texture depending
on the
desired look.
Polyolefin/synthetic
textile
:
Wallcoverings are
woven and non-woven
looking and were
developed to give the aesthetic
appearance of a natural textile while
adding an increased value in stain and
abrasion resistance.
These
products are generally put up with an acrylic or
paper backing. Many of these products
are comprised of polyolefin yarns,
which are olefin fibers made from
polymers or copolymers of propylene.
Acoustic wallcoverings
:
Designed for use on vertical surfaces,
panels,
operable walls and any place
sound reduction is a primary factor such as
meeting rooms, offices, theaters,
auditoriums, restaurants as well as corridors
and elevator lobbies.
These
products are predominantly made of man-made
polyester and olefin fibers, and are
tested for a special sound attenuation
rating known as a Noise Reduction
Coefficient (NCR) rating.
This rating
indicates the amount of sound absorbed
into the wall.
The higher the number,
the more noise absorption.
Cork and cork veneer
:
They have a variegated texture with no
definite
pattern or design. Cork veneer
is shaved from cork planks or blocks and
laminated to a substrate that may be
colored or plain.
Cork naturally
absorbs
sound, insulates, provides
visual contrast and can be used as a bulletin
board.
Wood
veneer
:
These wallcoverings
are mostly laminated to fabric backing.
They are usually made in sheets 18 to
24 inches wide and provided in any
length up to 144 inches long. Due to
characteristics relative to environmental
and grain matching, wood veneers are
used mostly in the office or conference
room environment along with some other
specialty areas, such as
large
columns.
White
board
:
This style of
wallcovering has a white plastic coating that
enables the wallcovering to be used as
a writing surface or as a backdrop for
video displays or slide presentations.
Erasable markers are used to draw
presentations or notes.
Generally utilized in board rooms or
conference areas.
Electromagnetic
wallcoverings
:
Are used to
shield sensitive computer
equipment
from the harmful effects of electromagnetic
energy. These are
constructed utilizing
metallic shielding material.
These
wallcoverings are used
where computer
equipment or computer storage equipment is housed.