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(完整版)材料力学中英对照词汇

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-09 00:04
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2021年2月9日发(作者:搓捻)


材料力学中英对照词汇



A


安全因数



safety factor



动荷载



dynamic load


断面收缩率



percentage reduction in area



多余约束



redundant restraint



B


半桥接法



half bridge



闭口薄壁杆



thin-walled tubes


比例极限



proportional limit



边界条件



boundary conditions


变截面梁



beam of variable cross section



变形



deformation



变形协调方程



compatibility equation


标距



gage length



泊松比



Poisson



s ratio



补偿块



compensating block



E


二向应力状态



state of biaxial stress



F


分布力



distributed force


复杂应力状态



state of triaxial stress



复合材料



composite material



G


杆,杆件



bar



刚度



stiffness



刚架,构架



frame


刚结点



rigid joint



高周疲劳



high-cycle fatigue



各向同性材料



isotropical material



功的互等定理



reciprocal-work theorem


工作应变计



active strain gage


工作应力



working stress



构件



structural member



惯性半径



radius of gyration of an area


惯性积



product of inertia



惯性矩,


截面二次轴距



moment of inertia


广义胡克定律



generalized Hook’s law



C


材料力学



mechanics of materials



冲击荷载



impact load



初应力,预应力



initial stress



纯剪切



pure shear


纯弯曲



pure bending


脆性材料



brittle materials



D


大柔度杆



long columns



单位荷载



unit load


单位力偶



unit couple


单位荷载法



unit-load method


单向应力,单向受力



uniaxial stress


等强度梁



beam of constant strength



低周疲劳



low-cycle fatigue



电桥平衡



bridge balancing



电阻应变计



resistance strain gage



电阻应变仪



resistance strain indicator


叠加法



superposition method


叠加原理



superposition principle



ultimate stress



极限荷载



limit load


挤压应力



bearing stress


剪力



shear force



剪力方程



equation of shear force



剪力图



shear force diagram



剪流



shear flow


剪切胡克定律



Hook’s law for shear



剪切



shear



交变应力,循环应力



cyclic stress



截面法



method of sections



截面几何性质



geometrical


properties


of


an area


截面核心



core of section








< br>静






degree


of


a


statically indeterminate problem





< br>题









statically


indeterminate problem


静定问题



statically determinate problem


静荷载



static load



静矩,一次矩



static moment


颈缩



necking



assumption


力法



force method



力学性能



mechanical properties



连续梁



continuous beam


连续条件



continuity condition




beams



临界应力



critical stress



临界荷载



critical load



M


迈因纳定律



Miner



s law


名义屈服强度



offset yielding stress



莫尔强度理论



Mohr theory of failure



敏感栅



sensitive grid



N


挠度



deflection


挠曲轴



deflection curve



挠曲轴方程



equation of deflection curve













approximately


differential


equation


of


the


deflection


curve



内力



internal forces



扭力矩



twisting moment



扭矩



torsional moment



扭矩图



torque diagram


扭转



torsion



扭转极限应力



ultimate stress in torsion



扭转角



angel of twist


扭转屈服强度



yielding stress in torsion



扭转刚度



torsional rigidity



K


开口薄壁杆



bar of thin-walled open cross


section


抗拉强度



ultimate stress in tension



抗扭截面系数



section modulus in torsion


抗扭强度



ultimate stress in torsion










section


modulus


in


bending



H


横向变形



lateral deformation


胡克定律



Hook



s law


滑移线



slip-lines



J


基本系统



primary system


畸变能理论



distortion energy theory








distortional


strain


energy


density


极惯性 矩,截面二次极矩




polar


moment


of


inertia







O


欧拉公式



Euler



s formula



L


拉压刚度



axial rigidity


拉压杆,轴向承载杆



axially loaded bar



理想弹塑性假设



elastic- perfectly


plastic


P













endurance


limit


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