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杨浦区
2019
学年第一学期高三模拟质量调研
英语学科试卷
2019.12
Ⅱ
. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage
below, fill in the blanks to make the passage
coherent and grammatically correct. For
the blanks with a given word, fill in
each blank with the proper form of the given word;
for the other blanks, use one word
that
best fits each blank.
Killer Rabbits
You’d never think of rabbits as
dreadful, destructive creatures, would you?
Rabbits are cute and love
-able.
However,
Australians discovered (21)
________ harm these cute creatures can do the hard
way.
Rabbits were introduced to Australia in
1788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running
around large estates, and
in 1859,
disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits
onto his property for hunting and he (22) ________
have thought
that was harmless fun. But
Australia has no
predators
（捕食者）
(23) ________
(adapt) to killing rabbits and none of the
diseases that kept their populations
(24) ________ control in Europe. The loose rabbits
bred like, well, rabbits, and began to
take over the countryside. Within a few
decades, there were millions. By 1950, there were
600 million rabbits in Australia.
Six
hundred
million
hungry
rabbits
could
do
real
harm.
They
caused
more
damage
than
any
other
species
introduced to the continent. They ate
native plant species (25) ________ they
disappeared. They competed for food and
shelter with native animals. they
caused the extinction or endangerment of numerous
plant and animal species. And they
were
a nightmare for cattle and sheep farmers,
(26)________ animals couldn't get enough grass to
eat and starved.
The rabbits did some
good, of course. They provided food for poor
families. They supported fur industries. But their
impact
on
the
environment
and
major
livestock
economy
was
too
negative
(27)________(ignore).
People
tried
trapping
them. They even built a huge wall
against them. But (28)________(effective) weapon
was a virus.
(29)
________(test)
multiple
times,
the
deadly
myxoma
virus
was
released
on Australia's
rabbits
in
1950.
The
virus had been developed
very carefully to affect only rabbits. Nearly 100
percent of the rabbits who caught the disease (30)
________(die).Populations fell. It was
a huge success. Cattle and sheep farming recovered
gradually, and threatened plants
were
better protected. Eventually, rabbits became
resistant to the virus.
Section B
Directions: Fill
in each blank with a proper word chosen from the
box. Each word can be used only once. Note that
there is
one word more than you need.
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A. string
B. contained
C. representing
D. detailing
E. scientific
F. currents
G. recovered
H. encountered
I. estimated
J. instructions
K. decoration
Bottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific
Purpose
Combing the beach for shells,
sea glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity
enjoyed by many. Some even use metal
detectors to find buried treasure or
other objects. Only the lucky few have ___31___ a
message in a bottle that was dropped
off by the tide. The tradition of
putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a
bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an
interesting past. An early ___32___ use
for the practice was revealed when the oldest
recorded message in a bottle was
found
by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island, Australia.
Tonya was on a family outing when she
noticed the antique glass bottle in the sand and
thought it would make a nice
___33___. While she was cleaning the
sandy gin bottle, a rolled up paper tied with a
___34___ fell out. The damp page
was
a
message
written
in
German
and
dated
June
12,
1886.
According
to
official
documents
from
the
German
sailing
vessels, Paula, a
crew member tossed the bottle overboard a(n)
___35___ 950 km off the coast of Western
Australia. Further
research
authenticated(
验证）
the letter,
which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is
the oldest message in a bottle ever
___36___.
Historians confirm
that thousands of similar bottles were cast
overboard by German ships between 1864 and 1933.
And ___37___ inside were official
documents written by
the captain of the
ship, ___38__ routes, coordinates, and other
information.
These
early
messages
in
a
bottle
were
an
attempt
by
the
German
Naval
Observatory
to
map
ocean
___39___ around the world.
On the back of the notes were __40__ to
write the time and place the bottles were found
and return them to the
German
Naval
Observatory
in
Hamburg
or
the
nearest
German
authorities.
Using
this
information
for
reference
was
an
early system of studying patterns in
nature and the vast ocean in particular.
III.
Reading
Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the
following passage there are four words or phrases
marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each
blank with the word or phrase that best
fits the context.
A star athlete
stopped by my office and she was eaten up by self-
criticism after committing a few errors during a
wee
kend
match.
“I’m
at
peak
_
__41___
and
I
practise
hard.
How
is
this
happening?”
This
student,
like
many
I
teach,
believes she should be able to ___42___
the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard
work.
I study and write about
resilience (
复原力
)
,
and I’m n
oticing a(n)___43___ increase
in students like this athlete.
When
they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they
fall short of what they imagine they should
___44___, however,
they are crushed by
self-blame.
We talk often about young
adults struggling with failure because their
parents have protected them from ___45___.
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But there is something else at play
among the most advantaged in particular: a
___46___ promise that they can achieve
anything if they are willing to work
for it.
Psychologists
have
sourced
this
phenomenon
to
a
misapplication
of
“mind
-
set”
research,
which
has
found
that
praising
children
for
___47___
will
increase
academic
performance.
Developed
by
Stanford
psychologist
Carol
Dweck,
mind-set education
has spread across classrooms worldwide. But a 2018
analysis found that while praising hard work over
ability may benefit economically
disadvantaged students, it does not ___48___ help
everyone.
One possible explanation
comes from Nina Kumar, who argued in a research
paper last year that for teens in wealthy,
pressure-
cooker communities,
“It is not a
___49___ of motivation and
perseverance that is the big problem. ___50___, it
is
unhealthy perfectionism and
difficulty with backing off when they should, when
the fierce drive for achievements is over
the top.” This can
___51___
physical and emotional stress. In a 2007 study,
psychologists Gregory Miller determined that
adolescent girls who refused to give up
the ___52___ goals showed elevated levels of CRP,
a protein that serves as a marker
of
systemic inflammation (
炎症
)
linked to diabetes, heart disease and other
medical conditions.
The
cruel
reality
is
that
you
can
do
everything
in
your
power
and
still
fail.
This
knowledge
comes
early
to
underrepresented minorities whose
experience of discrimination
(
歧视
) and inequality teaches
them to ___53___ what is,
for now,
largely beyond their control to change. Yet for
others, the belief that success is always within
their grasp is a setup.
Instead of
allowing our kids to beat themselves up when
things do
n’t go their
way
，
we should all question a
culture that has
taught them that how
they perform for others is more important than
what ___54___ inspires them and that where they go
to
college
matters
more
than
the
kind
of
person
they
are.
We
should
be
wise
to
remind
our
kids
that
life
has
a
way
of
disappointing us when we
least ___55___ it. It
’
s
often the people who learn to say
“
stuff
happens
”
who get up the
fastest.
41. A. coolness
42. A. control
43. A. amusing
44.
A. apply
45. A. disbelief
46. A. bright
47. A. virtue
48. A. originally
49. A. choice
50. A. instead
51. A. result
from
52. A. Immoral
B. fitness
C. goodness
B.
change
C. adjust
B.
inspiring
C. troubling
D. readiness
D. celebrate
D. touching
D.
accomplish
D. discomfort
D. flexible
D.
status
D. regularly
D. lack
D. However
D.
lead to
D. impolite
B. approve
C. appreciate
B.
disagreement
C.
discovery
B. false
C. general
B. ability
B. obviously
B. command
B. Otherwise
B. apply for
B. impersonal
C.
effort
C. necessarily
C. display
C. Therefore
C. associate
with
C. impossible
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53. A. challenge
54. A.
plainly
55. A. exhibit
Section B
B.
accept
B. probably
B. expect
C. assess
C. immediately
C. establish
D.
inquire
D.
actually
D.
recognize
Directions: Read
the following three passages. Each passage is
followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For
each of them there are
four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one
that fits best according to the information given
in the passage you have just read.
(A)
David Miles, an
Australian inventor has been accused of cheating
desperate farmers by charging up to $$50,000
Australian dollars for delivering rain
on demand without so much as explaining the
technology behind his business.
On
the
official
Miles
Research
website
，
Miles
explains
that
in
the
1990’s
he
realized
that
it
was
possible
to
influence weather patterns by creating
a bridge between ‘the present’ and a
‘near
-future event
’ in the
physical space
-time
continuum.
He
found
that
by
applying
small
amounts
of
energy
intelligently,
even
a
large,
messy
weather
system
approaching from the future could be
eased.
While somewhat fascinating,
Miles’ explanation does little to explain how he
is able to bring rainfall to the lands
of
farmers.
He
makes
references
to
famous
but
debatable
concepts
like
“the
butterfly
effect”.
“We
were
advi
sed
against
patenting because ifs basically
exposing how it works. There are a lot of big
companies that invest in hunting out patents,”
Miles said “I understand the
doubts
，
the only other way is
to fully prove up our science and physics. If we
did that, we'll
lose it, it will be
taken up as a national security interest and it’ll
then be weaponized.”
Miles'
claims
raised
suspicions
for
obvious
reasons,
including
a
since-deleted
section
of
his
company
website,
which claimed that
his technology used “electromagnetic scalar
waves”
，
which scientists say
don’t even exist.
The
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
(ACCC) has warned people against doing business
with
him,
but
the
Australian
inventor
claims
the
ACCC
is
only
trying
to
defame
him
and
his
company,
as
in
reality
they
are
success based -
if it doesn’t rain, they don’t get
paid.
“Consumers signed the
agreement that if by the end of June they receive
100mm, they pay $$50,000, if they only
receive 50mm, they would only pay
$$25,000. Anything under
half
，
we don’t want to be
paid,” Miles said of a handf
ul of
Wimmera farmers who agreed to take him
up on his offer to deliver rain.
Believe it or not, one of the farmers
who paid David Miles for his so-called rain-making
capabilities told ABC
Radio that he was
quite happy with the results.
56.
David Miles claims to be capable of
________.
A.
influencing the weather system
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B.
predicting the future
events
C.
reducing the
atmospheric temperature
D.
easing the gravitational energy
57.
ACCC issued warning
against doing business with Miles because________.
A.
he charged too much for
the services provided
B.
there was no solid science to hack up
his technology
C.
his
practice was a threat to national security
interest
D.
he
didn
’t
officially patent his
technology with ACCC
58.
According to
Miles
，
how much will be paid
if the farmers receive 15mm of rain?
A.
$$50,000.
B.
$$25,000.
C. $$12,500.
D. $$0.
59.
What can be inferred
from the passage?
A.
Miles
needed safer facilities for his business.
B.
Miles brought about good
crops as expected.
C.
Miles
wasn’t discouraged by the critics.
D.
Miles was arrested by the
local police.
(B)
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