高考英语阅读理解二轮精练(38)及(解析)答案

湖北黄冈市

2016

高考英语阅读理解二轮精练 （

38

）及（解析）答案

阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的

或

D

四个选项 中，选出最佳选项。

In business, there's a speed difference

：

It's the difference between how important a firm's leaders say

speed is to their competitive (

竞争的

) strategy(

策略

)and how fast the company actually

difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their

competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.

In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended

up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they

were on the right track. What's more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top

and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-

year

period.

How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet

performing better? They thought differently about w

hat “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms

sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and

strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of

production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads

to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-

quality products and services.

In our study, higher-

performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when

necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged ne

w ways of thinking.

And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (

相比而言

), performance suffered at

firms that

moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested

methods, didn't develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about

changes.

Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right,

rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of

strategy must come from the top.

提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追 求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人们对于速度的

不同理解和方法的不同，确实适 得其反。

1

．

What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?

A

．

Increase the speed.

C

．

Reach the limit.

B

．

Get an advantage.

D

．

Set a goal.

答案：

B

。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就 提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息

词

“fearf ul of losing their competitive advantage”

可以表明划线部分的意义同选项

B

。

2

．

The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

A

．

spending more time and performing worse

B

．

spending more time and performing better

C

．

spending less time and performing worse

D

．

spending less time and performing better

答案：

D

。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：

t ake less time

；而最终的效益

还得需要

performing better

，故两者结合，才是公司一直在 梦寐以求的最佳目标。故选

D

。

3. What can we learn from the text?

A

．

How fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.

B

．

How competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.

C

．

Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.

D

．

Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.

答案：

C< /p>

。

细节判断题。

倒数第二段的第一句里含 有本题的信息，

即同选项

C

的说法是一 致的。

4

．

Which could be the best title for the text?

A

．

Improve quality? Serve better.

C

．

Reduce time? Move faster.

B

．

Deliver va

lue? Plough ahead.

D

．

Need speed? Slow down.

答案：

D

。主 旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工

作速度； 而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有

好的决 策，适得其反，故选项

D

是最佳答案。

2016

高考英语阅读理解集训。

< /p>

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（

A

、

B

、

C

、

D

）中，选出最佳选项。

There's a great article in the New York Times this week about the tradition of buying a coffee for a

stranger at the same time that you buy your own. They call it caffè sospeso, the name for

暂留的

) coffee

coffee and drink it without cost.

No doubt the free coffee will be welcomed by people who love coffee but for one reason or another

don't have the money to buy one. But I also like the opportunity it offers customers to become

philanthropists (

慈善家

). Every time they order a coffee, they can give one to somebody in need.

This is a tradition that began some 100 years ago in Naples, Italy. In Naples, as reported by the

Times, people love this kind of giving:

to the world, as a present.

—

Luigi Solito

接受者

) never meet each

other. The donor doesn't show off and the recipient doesn't have to show gratitude.

—

Laura

Cozzolino

统一

) of Italy by more than 200 years, so

the traditions around it are very ancient. In Naples, coffee is a world in itself, both culturally and

socially.

—

Andrea Illy

The practice of buying suspended coffees has grown in popularity

—

with websites popping up and

hundreds of cafes from Canada to Brazil to Hungary to the US offering the service.

1. Who are suspended coffees intended for?

A. Cafe goers.

B. Philanthropists.

B. People who can't afford a coffee.

D. Coffee lovers who live in Naples.

2. How can someone get a suspended coffee?

A. He can ask for one in any cafe.

B. He can apply for one on websites.

C. He can buy one in a cafe offering the service.

D. He can drink one in a cafe that has prepaid coffees.

3. What does Laura Cozzolino think of buying suspended coffees?

A. She thinks it is a great way of charity.

B. She thinks it is a cheap gift to strangers.

C. She thinks it is an ancient Italian custom.

D. She thinks it is spreading widely in the world.

4. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 are words of ______.

A. French

B. Old English

参考答案

1-4

BDAC

【

2016

高考训练】

阅读下列短文，从每题 所给的四个选项（

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

< br>）中，选出最佳选

项。

Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head

，

according to a study that has found a link

C. Italian

D. American English

between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the

moment when their hearts are contracting(

收缩

)and pumping blood around their bodies

，

compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the

heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event

，

depending on which point it is

at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said

：

“Our study shows for the first

time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures

in relation to our heart.”

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures

of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said

，

“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the

heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we

don't see

—and guide whether we see fear.”

To further understand this relationship

，

the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how

the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.

“We have found an important

mechanism by whi

ch the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other

to change our feelings and reduce fear

，

” Dr Garfinkel said.

“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it

could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders

，

and

also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”

1

．

What is the finding of the study?

A. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

B. Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.

C. Fear has something to do with one's health.

D. One's heart affects how he feels fear.

2

．

The study was carried out by analyzing

________.

A. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

C. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart

－

brain communication

3

．

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “mechanism” in Pa

ragraph 6?

A. Order.

C. System.

B. Machine.

D. Treatment.

4

．

This study may contribute to

________

．

A. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety